• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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• v.26 no.6
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• pp.689-697
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• 2020

Hazardous and noxious substances (HNS) may cause maritime incidents during marine transportation, which are liable to lead to a large amount of spillage or discharge into the sea. The damage to the marine environment caused by the HNS spill or discharge is known to be much greater than the damage caused by oil spill. Particularly dangerous is HNS, which is deposited or buried in the seabed, as it can damage the organisms that live on, in, and near the bottom of the sea, the so-called "benthos," forming the benthic ecosystem. Therefore, it is vital that the HNS deposited on the seabed be recovered. In order to do so, procedures and equipment are required for accurate detection, stabilization treatment, and recovery of HNS in subsea sediment. Thus, when developing a mechanical recovery system, the performance requirements should be selected using performance indices, and the conceptual design of the mechanical recovery system should be based on performance requirements decided upon and selected in advance. Therefore, this study was conducted to arrive at a conceptual design for a mechanical recovery system for the recovery of HNS deposited on the seabed. In the design of the system, based on the fundamental scenario, the method of suction foundation with the function of self enclosing was adopted for recovering the HNS sediment in the subsea sediment. The mechanical recovery system comprises the suction foundation, pollution prevention, a pump system, control system, monitoring device, location information device, transfer device, and tanks. This conceptual design is expected to be reflected and used in the basic design of the components and shapes of the mechanical recovery system.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.15 no.22
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• pp.9731-9737
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• 2014

Large scale secular registry or surveillance systems have been accumulating vast data that allow mathematical modeling of cancer incidence and mortality rates. Most contemporary models in this regard use time series and APC (age-period-cohort) methods and focus primarily on predicting or analyzing cancer epidemiology with little attention being paid to implications for designing cancer registry, surveillance or evaluation initiatives. This research models age-specific cancer incidence rates using logistic growth equations and explores their performance under different scenarios of data completeness in the hope of deriving clues for reshaping relevant data collection. The study used China Cancer Registry Report 2012 as the data source. It employed 3-parameter logistic growth equations and modeled the age-specific incidence rates of all and the top 10 cancers presented in the registry report. The study performed 3 types of modeling, namely full age-span by fitting, multiple 5-year-segment fitting and single-segment fitting. Measurement of model performance adopted adjusted goodness of fit that combines sum of squred residuals and relative errors. Both model simulation and performance evalation utilized self-developed algorithms programed using C# languade and MS Visual Studio 2008. For models built upon full age-span data, predicted age-specific cancer incidence rates fitted very well with observed values for most (except cervical and breast) cancers with estimated goodness of fit (Rs) being over 0.96. When a given cancer is concerned, the R valuae of the logistic growth model derived using observed data from urban residents was greater than or at least equal to that of the same model built on data from rural people. For models based on multiple-5-year-segment data, the Rs remained fairly high (over 0.89) until 3-fourths of the data segments were excluded. For models using a fixed length single-segment of observed data, the older the age covered by the corresponding data segment, the higher the resulting Rs. Logistic growth models describe age-specific incidence rates perfectly for most cancers and may be used to inform data collection for purposes of monitoring and analyzing cancer epidemic. Helped by appropriate logistic growth equations, the work vomume of contemporary data collection, e.g., cancer registry and surveilance systems, may be reduced substantially.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• v.9 no.4
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• pp.385-392
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• 2015

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Recent studies have reported an association of the angiotensin II type 2 receptor (AT2R) 3123Cytosine/Adenine (3123C/A) polymorphism with essential hypertension and cardiovascular diseases. The purpose of the study was to investigate whether the AT2R 3123C/A polymorphism affects blood pressure for free-living hypertensive men during a 5-month intervention period. SUBJECTS/METHODS: The subjects were free-living hypertensive Japanese men aged 40 to 75 years who agreed to intervention in the period from 2004 to 2011. Detection of the AT2R 3123C/A polymorphism was determined by polymerase chain reaction. The dietary intervention was designed to decrease salt level and to increase potassium level through cooking instructions and self-monitoring of the diet. The exercise session consisted of activities such as stretching, resistance training, and walking. Blood pressure, urinary sodium and potassium excretion, dietary and lifestyle data, and non-fasting venous blood sample were collected at baseline and after the intervention period. RESULTS: Thirty nine subjects were eligible for participation and the follow-up rate was 97.4%. The C allele proportion was 57.9%. AT2R 3123C/A polymorphism was X-chromosome-linked, therefore we analyzed the C and A genotypes. At baseline, no significant differences were observed between the genotype groups. After the intervention, there were no significant differences in lifestyle habit between the groups. Nevertheless, the estimated salt excretion (g/day) was significantly decreased only in the C genotype (13.0-10.3, P = 0.031). No significant change was observed in systolic blood pressure (SBP) (mmHg) in the A genotype, but a significant decrease was observed in the C genotype (150.0-141.5, P = 0.024). CONCLUSTIONS: In the C genotype, it might be easy to improve SBP through lifestyle intervention in free-living hypertensive Japanese men, however generalization could not be achieved by the small sample size.

• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
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• v.10 no.11
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• pp.1367-1383
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• 2007

A sensor network consists of a network of sensors that can perform computation and also communicate with each other through wireless communication. Some important characteristics of sensor networks are that the network should be self administered and the power efficiency should be greatly considered due to the fact that it uses battery power. In sensor networks, when large amounts of various stream data is produced and multiple queries need to be processed simultaneously, the power efficiency should be maximized. This work proposes a technique to create an index on multiple monitoring queries so that the multi-query processing performance could be increased and the memory and power could be efficiently used. The proposed SMILE tree modifies and combines the ideas of spatial indexing techniques such as k-d trees and R+-trees. The k-d tree can divide the dimensions at each level, while the R+-tree improves the R-tree by dividing the space into a hierarchical manner and reduces the overlapping areas. By applying the SMILE tree on multiple queries and using it on stream data in sensor networks, the response time for finding an indexed query takes in some cases 50% of the time taken for a linear search to find the query.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.330-341
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• 2015

The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of the film 'The Island' on 2nd year nursing students' nursing informatics (NI) competency. The participants were sixty-eight students in a baccalaureate nursing program of a private university, taking the course, 'Nursing & Informatics' in the 2012 fall semester. Over the 15 weeks, the film was used for five weeks as introduction to NI, peer-to-group discussions, and self-reflection on lessons learned regarding NI. A qualitative content analysis was used to explore the students' experiences and perceptions on their NI competency. As a result, students signified the NI concept as the assessment of biometrics data, promotion of optimal health with the support of various technologies, and integration of patient-centered care into routine practice. They also highlighted the importance of security and safety measures as well as high quality health technology including the ubiquitous health monitoring system. Overall, the lesson outcomes of the course were met. As a supportive, instructional strategy, the use of the movie, 'The Island', was effective for nursing students in achieving NI competencies. Further study is warranted to determine if movies can be used as a means of continuing education to improve informatics competences in healthcare professionals.

• KIISE Transactions on Computing Practices
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• v.23 no.6
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• pp.371-378
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• 2017

In modern society, awareness of diabetes is growing with an increase in the elderly population and an increase in the incidence of diabetes. In particular, diabetic patients can suddenly develop hypoglycemic shock; therefore, it is important to measure blood glucose periodically. However, self-monitoring blood glucose meters are difficult to carry and it is difficult to manage the value. To solve these problems, the blood glucose measurement system has been developed as a sensor attached to the body or as one of the functions of smart devices, but it has not been commercialized. In this paper, we propose a smart band with a blood glucose measurement function. If a user enters a schedule to measure blood glucose level, such as before/after meals, in the app, he/she can receive a measurement alarm from the band. The user can measure the blood glucose level at any time using the band, and the measured value is transmitted and managed by the app including behavior history such as before/after meals and the time. This will help the user to manage, diagnose and prevent health problems. The system has been tested using two medical device-certified products, and each blood glucose measurement value has been confirmed to be more accurate.

• Journal of the Computational Structural Engineering Institute of Korea
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.211-221
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• 2009

With recent trends of super-tallness, atypical plan shapes and zoning constructions in high-rise buildings, a structural stability of the building under construction is arising as a key issue for design and construction plan. To ensure the structural stability under construction, the differential column shortening of vertical members, the lateral displacement of tower frames, and differential settlement of raft foundation by unbalanced distributions of a tower self-weight before the completion of a lateral load resisting system should be checked by construction sequence analysis, which should be performed by systematic combinations with structural health monitoring, construction compensation program, and construction panning. This paper presents the scheme of zone-based construction sequence analysis by using the existing commercial analysis program, to check the stability of high-rise building under construction. This scheme is applied to 3-dimensional structural analysis for a real high-rise building under construction. The analysis includes real construction zoning plans and schedules as well as creep and shrinkage effects and time-dependent properties of concrete. The simplified construction sequence and assumed material properties were continuously updated with the change on construction schedule and correlations with in-situ measurement data.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• v.48 no.3
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• pp.152-163
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• 2018

Purpose: To determine whether the swelling and mechanical properties of osmotic self-inflating expanders allow or not the induction of intraoral soft tissue expansion in dogs. Methods: Three different volumes (0.15, 0.25, and 0.42 mL; referred to respectively as the S, M, and L groups) of soft tissue expanders (STEs) consisting of a hydrogel core coated with a silicone-perforated membrane were investigated in vitro to assess their swelling behavior (volume swelling ratio) and mechanical properties (tensile strength, tensile strain). For in vivo investigations, the STEs were subperiosteally inserted for 4 weeks in dogs (n=5). Soft tissue expansion was clinically monitored. Histological analyses included the examination of alveolar bone underneath the expanders and thickness measurements of the surrounding fibrous capsule. Results: The volume swelling ratio of all STEs did not exceed 5.2. In tensile mode, the highest mean strain was registered for the L group ($98.03{\pm}0.3g/cm$), whereas the lowest mean value was obtained in the S group ($81.3{\pm}0.1g/cm$), which was a statistically significant difference (P<0.05). In addition, the S and L groups were significantly different in terms of tensile strength ($1.5{\pm}0.1g/cm$ for the S group and $2.2{\pm}0.1g/cm$ for the L group, P<0.05). Clinical monitoring showed successful dilatation of the soft tissues without signs of inflammation up to 28 days. The STEs remained volumetrically stable, with a mean diameter in vivo of 6.98 mm, close to the in vitro post-expansion findings (6.69 mm). Significant histological effects included highly vascularized collagen-rich fibrous encapsulation of the STEs, with a mean thickness of $0.67{\pm}0.12mm$. The bone reaction consisted of resorption underneath the STEs, while apposition was observed at their edges. Conclusions: The swelling and mechanical properties of the STEs enabled clinically successful soft tissue expansion. A tissue reaction consisting of fibrous capsule formation and bone loss were the main histological events.

• Korean journal of communication and information
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• v.58
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• pp.106-129
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• 2012

Social Network Service(SNS), which are an emerging form of political architecture, have been a political means to promote civic engagement and shape pubic opinions on social issues. Along with the influence of SNSs, the governmental control on the dissemination of information over SNSs has increased more and more. It would be ideal if the autonomous governance regulates SNSs which facilitate the networks of the dispersed people. It is the fact, though, that compulsory regulations under which the government controls impose policy and legal restrictions on political expressions. The current study addresses expressive and participatory nature embedded in technological characteristics of SNSs and discusses the problems of content regulations of political expression over SNSs. First of all, it is analyzed that light touch regulation or light touch monitoring should be applied to regulating content on SNSs, particularly political expressions. Constitutional Court proclaimed that legal restrictions on the Internet could infringe basic rights of the people and thus under unambiguous standards, the Doctrine of Clear and Present Danger should be applied to its content. Second, it is found that clarifying the definition of illegality in the application of legal restrictions is necessary to minimize the excessive misleading. Third, it is required that Korea Communications Standards Commission under the government control needs to change in determining the scope of illegal information. In a domestic level, there needs to be safeguards for the protection of the self-regulatory organization such as KISO to guarantee voluntary and autonomous regulatory practices.

• Journal of Gifted/Talented Education
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.1-16
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• 2014

This study was to examine whether high school students' academic motivation and learning strategies influence their competence. Of the 600 high school students surveyed from 3 high schools in two metropolitan cities, Korea, 489 completed and returned the questionnaires yielding a total response rate of 81.50%. The final sample consisted of 399 males (81.6%) and 82 females (16.8%). Among the final sample, 113 students were gifted, and 376 students were non-gifted. Their average age was 17.20 years. Measures of students' competence (i.e., cognitive competence, and social competence), academic motivation (i.e., intrinsic motivation to know, toward accomplishment, and to experience stimulation, and extrinsic motivation identified, introjected, and external regulation, and amotivation), and learning strategies (i.e., metacognition, self-monitoring, strategy formation) Spearman's rho(${\rho}$) indicated that students' competence was positively associated with intrinsic (i.e., to know, toward accomplishment, to experience stimulation) and extrinsic (i.e., identified, introjected) motivation, and learning strategies. However, students' competence was negatively associated with amotivation. Hierarchical multiple regression analyses showed that intrinsic motivation (i.e., to experience stimulation), extrinsic motivation(i.e., external regulation), and learning strategies (i.e., strategy formation) were the crucial contributors for enhancing students' competence. Results are discussed in relation to theoretical implications and school settings.