• 제목/요약/키워드: Self Diagnostic Signal

검색결과 22건 처리시간 0.042초

고속 무한궤도 차량용 변속제어기 진단 알고리즘 분석 (Analysis of Diagnosis Algorithm Implemented in TCU for High-Speed Tracked Vehicles)

  • 정규홍
    • 드라이브 ㆍ 컨트롤
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    • 제15권4호
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    • pp.30-38
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    • 2018
  • Electronic control units (ECUs) are currently popular, and have evolved further towards the high-end application of autonomous vehicles in the automotive industry. Such digital technologies have also become widespread, in agriculture and construction equipment. Likewise, transmission control of high-speed tracked vehicles is based on the transmission control unit (TCU), performing complex gear change control functions, and diagnostic algorithms (a TCU's self-diagnostic and reporting capability of malfunction data through CAN communication). Since all functions of TCU are implemented by embedded-software, it is hardly possible to analyze specifications by reverse engineering. In this paper a real-time transmission simulator adaptable to TCU is presented, for analysis of diagnosis algorithm and standards. Signal simulation circuits are deliberately designed considering electrical characteristics of TCU inputs and various analysis tools, such as analog input auto scan function, and global output enable switch, are implemented in software. Test results from hardware-in-the-loop simulator verify tolerance time for each error, as well as cause of fault, error reset conditions.

압타머 광학 바이오센서 (Aptamer-based optical switch for biosensors)

  • 이주운;조정환;조은정
    • 분석과학
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    • 제27권3호
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    • pp.121-139
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    • 2014
  • In this review, we will discuss aptamer technologies including in vitro selection, signal transduction mechanisms, and designing aptamers and aptazyme for label-free biosensors and catalysts. Dye-displacement, a typical label-less method, is described here which allows avoiding relatively complex labeling steps and extending this application to any aptamers without specific conformational changes, in a more simple, sensitive and cost effective way. We will also describe most recent and advanced technologies of signaling aptamer and aptazyme for the various analytical and clinical applications. Quantum dot biosensor (QDB) is explained in detail covering designing and adaptations for multiplexed protein detection. Application to aptamer array utilizing self-assembled signaling aptamer DNA tile and the novel methods that can directly select smart aptamer or aptazyme experimentally and computationally will also be finally discussed, respectively.

Remote Impedance-based Loose Bolt Inspection Using a Radio-Frequency Active Sensing Node

  • Park, Seung-Hee;Yun, Chung-Bang;Inman, Daniel J.
    • 비파괴검사학회지
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    • 제27권3호
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    • pp.217-223
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    • 2007
  • This paper introduces an active sensing node using radio-frequency (RF) telemetry. This device has brought the traditional impedance-based structural health monitoring (SHM) technique to a new paradigm. The RF active sensing node consists of a miniaturized impedance measuring device (AD5933), a microcontroller (ATmega128L), and a radio frequency (RF) transmitter (XBee). A macro-fiber composite (MFC) patch interrogates a host structure by using a self-sensing technique of the miniaturized impedance measuring device. All the process including structural interrogation, data acquisition, signal processing, and damage diagnostic is being performed at the sensor location by the microcontroller. The RF transmitter is used to communicate the current status of the host structure. The feasibility of the proposed SHM strategy is verified through an experimental study inspecting loose bolts in a bolt-jointed aluminum structure.

항체가 건조상태로 고정된 면역진단키트의 안정화와 Shelf-Life 결정 (Stabilization of Dry Immuno-Diagnostic Kit with Immobilized Antibody and Determination of Its Shelf-Life)

  • 이창우;조정환;육순학;권오협;박영남;박세환
    • KSBB Journal
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    • 제13권5호
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    • pp.502-510
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    • 1998
  • Stabilization of antibody, which is specific to Salmonella typhimurium antigens, present in dry states on membranes was accomplished, and its shelf-life, i.e., duration for maintaining minimum 90% of the initial activity, under optimal conditions was determined. To prepare two major components of an immuno-strip, the antibody was not only immobilized on nitrocellulose membrane surfaces but also placed within the pores of glass fiber membrane after conjugating it with old colloids as signal generator. Among potential stabilizers of the immuno-components, a disaccharide, trehalose, showed a significant protection effect of immunoglobulin structure from thermal energy. Optimal concentrations of trehalose for the respective component were significantly different (8-fold higher for the antibody-gold conjugate than for the immobilized antibody), which probably resulted from distinct densities and configurations of antibody present on the membranes. An additional requirement for the gold conjugate was freeze-drying of this substance such that the conjugate can be readily resolubilized upon contact with aqueous medium. By using the components prepared under optimal conditions, immuno-strips were constructed and exposed to thermal energy. Signals with less than 10% decrease in the intensity were maintained for approximately 21 days at 60$^{\circ}C$. Compared to previous reports, this result represented a 2-year shelf-life at room temperature. it was, however, two times longer if determined from thermal acceleration tests based on the theory of inactivation rate of protein. Such discrepancy between the two estimates could be mainly attributed to errors in accurately controlling temperatures and also to changes in the physical properties of membranes due to a high thermal energy.

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Analysis of Image Distortion on Magnetic Resonance Diffusion Weighted Imaging

  • Cho, Ah Rang;Lee, Hae Kag;Yoo, Heung Joon;Park, Cheol-Soo
    • Journal of Magnetics
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    • 제20권4호
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    • pp.381-386
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    • 2015
  • The purpose of this study is to improve diagnostic efficiency of clinical study by setting up guidelines for more precise examination with a comparative analysis of signal intensity and image distortion depending on the location of X axial of object when performing magnetic resonance diffusion weighted imaging (MR DWI) examination. We arranged the self-produced phantom with a 45 mm of interval from the core of 44 regent bottles that have a 16 mm of external diameter and 55 mm of height, and were placed in 4 rows and 11 columns in an acrylic box. We also filled up water and margarine to portrait the fat. We used 3T Skyra and 18 Channel Body array coil. We also obtained the coronal image with the direction of RL (right to left) by using scan slice thinkness 3 mm, slice gap: 0mm, field of view (FOV): $450{\times}450mm^2$, repetition time (TR): 5000 ms, echo time (TE): 73/118 ms, Matrix: $126{\times}126$, slice number: 15, scan time: 9 min 45sec, number of excitations (NEX): 3, phase encoding as a diffusion-weighted imaging parameter. In order to scan, we set b-value to $0s/mm^2$, $400s/mm^2$, and $1,400s/mm^2$, and obtained T2 fat saturation image. Then we did a comparative analysis on the differences between image distortion and signal intensity depending on the location of X axial based on iso-center of patient's table. We used "Image J" as a comparative analysis programme, and used SPSS v18.0 as a statistic programme. There was not much difference between image distortion and signal intensity on fat and water from T2 fat saturation image. But, the average value depends on the location of X axial was statistically significant (p < 0.05). From DWI image, when b-value was 0 and 400, there was no significant difference up to $2^{nd}$ columns right to left from the core of patient's table, however, there was a decline in signal intensity and image distortion from the $3^{rd}$ columns and they started to decrease rapidly at the $4^{th}$ columns. When b-value was 1,400, there was not much difference between the $1^{st}$ row right to left from the core of patient's table, however, image distortion started to appear from the $2^{nd}$ columns with no change in signal intensity, the signal was getting decreased from the $3^{rd}$ columns, and both signal intensity and image distortion started to get decreased rapidly. At this moment, the reagent bottles from outside out of 11 reagent bottles were not verified from the image, and only 9 reagent bottles were verified. However, it was not possible to verify anything from the $5^{th}$ columns. But, the average value depends on the location of X axial was statistically significant. On T2 FS image, there was a significant decline in image distortion and signal intensity over 180mm from the core of patient's table. On diffusion-weighted image, there was a significant decline in image distortion and signal intensity over 90 mm, and they became unverifiable over 180 mm. Therefore, we should make an image that has a diagnostic value from examinations that are hard to locate patient's position.

RF모듈을 이용한 자동차 ECU 센서신호의 원격계측 (Remote Measurement for Automobile′s ECU Sensor Signals Using RF modules)

  • 이성철;서지원;권대규;방두열
    • 한국정밀공학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 한국정밀공학회 2003년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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    • pp.1067-1070
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    • 2003
  • In this paper, we present a remote measurement system for the wireless monitoring of ECU Sensor Signals of vehicle. In order to measure the ECU sensor signals, the interface circuit is designed to communicate ECU and designed terminal wirelessly according to the ISO, SAE regulation of communication protocol standard. A micro-controller 80C196KC is used for communicating ECU sensor signals. ECU sensor signals are transmitted to the RF-wireless terminal that was developed using the micro controller 80386EX. LCD, and RF-module. 80386EX software is programmed to monitor the ECU sensor signals using the Borland C++ compiler in which the half duplex method was used for the RS232 communication. The algorithms for measuring the ECU sensor signals are verified to monitor ECU state. At the same time, the information to fix the vehicle's problem can be shown on the developed monitoring software. The possibility for remote measurement of ECU sensor signals using 80386EX is also verified through the developed systems and algorithms.

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LED와 전기 저항적 특성을 적용한 스마트 콘크리트의 개발 (Development of Smart Concrete adopting Light-emitting Diode and the Resistance Property of Electric Fuse)

  • 김화중;김이성;김병용;고관호
    • 한국콘크리트학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 한국콘크리트학회 2008년도 춘계 학술발표회 제20권1호
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    • pp.173-176
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    • 2008
  • 콘크리트에서 발생하는 균열 및 손상을 평가하기 위해 많은 연구가 이루어지고 있으며, 주요 콘크리트 부재(Element)에 균열이 발생하면 LED가 동작하는 스위칭(Switching) 개념의 기능성 콘크리트에 대한 연구도 진행 중이다. 이러한 자가 진단형(Type of Self-diagnostic) 시스템은 관리자가 모니터링을 통하여 교량 등의 구조물을 관리하는 데 편리성을 주지만, 보행자나 운전자들에게 갑작스런 LED점등으로 구조물에서 발생하는 손상신호(Signal Damage)의 전달이 미비하게 될 가능성도 배제할 수 없다. 따라서, 이러한 문제를 해결하기 위한 방법으로 주요 부재에 균열 및 손상이 발생하면 LED가 소등되어 보행자 및 운전자가 위험을 인지하게 되는 시스템을 구상하게 되었다. 이를 이용하면 주요 부재에 균열이 발생하여 콘크리트 내부의 센서를 파괴하여 센서 내부의 전선이 단전되어 야간 및 악천후시 가로등 및 신호기 등이 소등되어 위험을 알리는 스마트 콘크리트를 개발할 수 있기 때문에 이에 대한 연구를 구상하였다. 또한, 외력에 의해 발생한 균열 손상에 의해 센서내부의 전선이 신장(Elongation)되어 할렬될 때의 저항변화를 검토하여 관리자가 주요 부재의 손상을 검토할 수 있는 기능성 콘크리트를 개발하기 위한 기초적 연구이다.

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Reduced graphene oxide field-effect transistor for biomolecule detection and study of sensing mechanism

  • Kim, D.J.;Sohn, I.Y.;Kim, D.I.;Yoon, O.J.;Yang, C.W.;Lee, N.E.;Park, J.S.
    • 한국진공학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 한국진공학회 2011년도 제40회 동계학술대회 초록집
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    • pp.431-431
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    • 2011
  • Graphene, two dimensional sheet of sp2-hybridized carbon, has attracted an enormous amount of interest due to excellent electrical, chemical and mechanical properties for the application of transparent conducting films, clean energy devices, field-effect transistors, optoelectronic devices and chemical sensors. Especially, graphene is promising candidate to detect the gas molecules and biomolecules due to the large specific surface area and signal-to-noise ratios. Despite of importance to the disease diagnosis, there are a few reports to demonstrate the graphene- and rGO-FET for biological sensors and the sensing mechanism are not fully understood. Here we describe scalable and facile fabrication of rGO-FET with the capability of label-free, ultrasensitive electrical detection of a cancer biomarker, prostate specific antigen/${\alpha}1$-antichymotrypsin (PSA-ACT) complex, in which the ultrathin rGO sensing channel was simply formed by a uniform self-assembly of two-dimensional rGO nanosheets on aminated pattern generated by inkjet printing. Sensing characteristics of rGO-FET immunosensor showed the highly precise, reliable, and linear shift in the Dirac point with the analyte concentration of PSA-ACT complex and extremely low detection limit as low as 1 fg/ml. We further analyzed the charge doping mechanism, which is the change in the charge carrier in the rGO channel varying by the concentration of biomolecules. Amenability of solution-based scalable fabrication and extremely high performance may enable rGO-FET device as a versatile multiplexed diagnostic biosensor for disease biomarkers.

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김제 논에서 메탄 플럭스의 에디 공분산 관측 (Eddy Covariance Measurement of CH4 Flux in a Rice Paddy in Gimje, Korea)

  • ;윤주열;강남구;심교문;김준
    • 한국농림기상학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 한국농림기상학회 2013년도 추계 학술발표논문집
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    • pp.28-29
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    • 2013
  • We have been measuring $CH_4$ flux in a rice paddy in Gimje using the eddy covariance method since July 2011. In order to measure the fast fluctuations of $CH_4$ concentration, an innovative LI-7700 open-path laser spectrometer is used. This high-precision, low power, light weight, low maintenance sensor enables us to operate it on a continuous and long-term basis. One particular feature, among other things, is the self-cleaning lower mirror which decreases maintenance requirements while ensuring more robust, continuous, high-quality dataset. Its cleaning is initiated at user-specified time intervals or a signal strength threshold, and its status is recorded as a diagnostic index. We have noticed that the operation of LI-7700 at Gimje site is quite challenging particularly due to its frequent mirror cleaning requirement and the associated sensitivity of the instrument. In this presentation, we present some field observation data regarding the mirror cleaning and their analysis, thereby suggesting the pertinent operation options for high-quality, maximum data retrieval in the field.

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복합적 감정(mixed feelings)에 대한 감정차원 연구 (English Title - A Study of Emotional Dimension for Mixed Feelings)

  • 한의환;차형태
    • 감성과학
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    • 제16권4호
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    • pp.469-480
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    • 2013
  • 본 논문에서는 기존에 Russell의 감정차원 모델(A Circumplex model)상에서 데이터의 분산 값을 줄이고, 복합적감정(mixed feelings)을 표현하는 새로운 방법을 제안한다. Russell의 감정차원 모델은 감정을 뜻하는 단어(기쁨, 슬픔, 행복, 신남 등)를 제시한 뒤, 자가진단방식(SAM)을 이용하여 단어들의 평균과 분산을 구하고, 각 단어들을 PAD차원(Pleasure, Arousal, Dominance)에 하나의 점으로 표시한다. 하지만 다른 연구자에 의하여 Russell모델의 문제점으로 각 단어들의 분산 값이 커서 데이터의 신뢰도나 정확성이 떨어지며, Russell의 모델의 구조에선 복합적 감정(mixed feelings)을 표현할 수 없는 등의 문제점들이 지속적으로 제기되었다. 본 논문에서는 이와 같은 문제점을 보완하기 위해 설문 방식의 변화를 통해서 실험을 진행하여, 데이터의 분산 값을 줄일 수 있었다. 또한 복합적 감정을 유발 할 수 있는 실험을 통해 감정 상태의 긍정적/부정적인 부분의 관계를 확인해보고, Russell모델에서도 복합적 감정을 표현할 수 있음을 입증하였다. 본 논문에서 제안하는 방법을 이용하여 기존의 연구에서 보다 신뢰도와 정확도가 높은 데이터를 얻을 수 있으며, Russell모델을 적용시키기 어려웠던 생체신호, 복합적 감정, 실감 방송 등의 여러 분야에 적용 시킬 수 있다.