• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea SP
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• v.39 no.1
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• pp.49-60
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• 2002

We propose an algorithm for extracting the boundary of a desired object with shape information obtained from sample images. Considering global shape obtained from sample images and edge orientation as well as edge magnitude, the Proposed method composed of two steps finds the boundary of an object. The first step is the approximate segmentation that extracts a rough boundary with a probability map and an edge map. And the second step is the detailed segmentation for finding more accurate boundary based on the SEEL (seed-point extraction and edge linking) algorithm. The experiment results using IR images show robustness to low-quality image and better performance than conventional segmentation methods.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics and Information Engineers
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• v.50 no.11
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• pp.188-194
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• 2013

In this paper, we proposed a new method for pulmonary vessels image segmentation and refinement from pulmonary image. Proposed method consist of following five steps. First, threshold estimation is performed by polynomial regression analysis of histogram variation rate of the pulmonary image. Second, segmentation of pulmonary vessels object is performed by density-based segmentation method based on estimated threshold in first step. Third, 2D connected component labeling method is applied to segmented pulmonary vessels. The seed point of both side diaphragms is determined by eccentricity and size of component. Fourth step is diaphragm extraction by 3D region growing method at the determined seed point. Finally, noise cancelation of pulmonary vessels image is performed by 3D connected component labeling method. The experimental result is showed accurately pulmonary vessels image segmentation, the diaphragm extraction and the noise cancelation of the pulmonary vessels image.

• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.57 no.3
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• pp.377-381
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• 2013

Thevetia peruviana (Yellow Oleander) seed oil was extracted with n-hexane in a soxhlet extractor. The ethanolysis and methanolysis of the oil were carried out with 50% of potassium hydroxide in ethanol and methanol respectively by weight of oil, as catalyst. The biodiesel was tested for biodegradability using E. coli. The percentage yield of the FAEE and FAME were 84.8% and 91.6% respectively. The biodegradability values of 81.4% and 86.2% were obtained for FAEE and FAME respectively after a period of 28 days. Other fuel quality parameters determined are the cetane index of 47.19 (FAEE) and 58.97 (FAME), flash point of $198^{\circ}C$ (FAEE) and $175^{\circ}C$ (FAME), kinematic viscosity at $40^{\circ}C$ of 5.21 $mm^2s^{-1}$ (FAEE) and 5.10 $mm^2s^{-1}$(FAME), pour point of $4^{\circ}C$ (FAEE) and $-2^{\circ}C$ (FAME) and a cloud point of $6^{\circ}C$ (FAEE) and $3^{\circ}C$ (FAME). Thus, Thevetia peruviana oil has a high potential for use in production of environmentally friendly biodiesel.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.46 no.2
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• pp.106-111
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• 2001

The applicability of near infrared reflectance spectroscopy(NIRS) was tested to determine the protein and oil contents in ground soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] seeds. A total of 189 soybean calibration samples and 103 validation samples were used for NIRS equation development and validation, respectively. In the NIRS equation of protein, the most accurate equation was obtained at 2, 8, 6, 1(2nd derivative, 8 nm gap, 6 points smoothing and 1 point second smoothing) math treatment condition with SNV-D (Standard Normal Variate and Detrend) scatter correction method and entire spectrum by using MPLS (Modified Partial Least Squares) regression. In the case of oil, the best equation was obtained at 1, 4, 4, 1 condition with SNV-D scatter correction method and near infrared (1100-2500nm) region by using MPLS regression. Validation of these NIRS equations showed very low bias (protein:-0.016%, oil : -0.011 %) and standard error of prediction (SEP, protein: 0.437%, oil: 0.377%) and very high coefficient of determination ($R^2$, protein: 0.985, oil : 0.965). Therefore, these NIRS equation seems reliable for determining the protein and oil content, and NIRS method could be used as a mass screening method of soybean seed.

• Korean Journal of Optics and Photonics
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• v.8 no.5
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• pp.438-442
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• 1997

In this study we report the effect of melt instability on the Liquid Phase Epitaxy. We made a new graphite boat of the structure relieving the instability of melt. It did not improve the uniformity of each layers but also reduced the thickness of growth layers and the deviation of the thickness over 1/2, 1/3 respectively. Moreover, we could get the growth layer of about 80$\AA$. With the point of melt stability in view we investigated the effect of InP seed used in two phase solution method. It is concluded that the quality of layers grown by the single crystal is superior to that by the poly crystal in two phase solution method.

• Food Science and Preservation
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.264-268
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• 2001

Two antimicrobial extracts of Rheum palmatum L. and Coptis chinesis France root as well as grapefruit seed extract(GFSE) were applied to dipping treatment for green chilli peppers, which were then packed in low density polyethylene(LDPE) films incorporated with 1% antimicrobial extracts and stored 10$^{\circ}C$. Dipping and packaging treatments suppressed the growth of putrefactive microorganisms and the duly ratio of green chilli peppers. In addition, the loss ratio of ascorbic acid content and their weight during the storage was lower with treated green chilli peppers. Consequently, the combined method of dipping and packaging in antimicrobial agents turned out to be superior to dipping treatment or film-packaging in the view point of decay ratio and the keeping qualities of green chilli peppers.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.32 no.1
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• pp.64-72
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• 1989

Near full length cDNA clones encoding the rice seed storage protein, prolamine, were isolated and divided into two homology classes based on cross-hybridization and DNA sequencing analysis. These cDNA clones contain a single open reading frame encoding a putative rice prolamine precursor(M.W.=17,200) possessing atypical 14 amino acid signal peptide. Clones of these two homology classes diverge mainly by insertions/deletions of short nucleotide stretches and point mutations. The deduced primary structures of both types of prolamine polypeptides are devoid of any major tandem repetitive sequences, a feature prevalent in other cereal prolamines. No significant homology teas detected between the rice prolamine and other cereal prolamines, indicating that the rice gene evolved from a different ancestor that gave rise to other cereal prolamine genes. Developing wheat and rice endosperms were examined using ultrathin sections prepared from tissues harvested at various days after flowering. By immunocytochemical localization techniques, wheat prolamines are localized within vesicles from Golgi apparatus and in homogeneous regions of protein bodies. The involvement of the goli apparatus in the packaging of wheat prolamines into protein bodies indicates a pathway which differs from the mode of other cereal prolamines and resembles the mechanism employed for the storage of rice glutelin and legume globulins.

• Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
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• v.32 no.3
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• pp.253-261
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• 2016

Xanthoceras sorbifolia seed coat (XSSC) is a processing residue of the bioenergy crop. This work aimed to evaluate the applicability of using the steam explosion to modify the residue for dye biosorption from aqueous solutions by using methylene blue as a model cationic dye. Equilibrium, kinetic and thermodynamic parameters for the biosorption of methylene blue on the steam-exploded XSSC (SE-XSSC) were evaluated. The kinetic data followed the pseudo-second-order model, and the rate-limiting step was the chemical adsorption. Intraparticle diffusion was one of the rate-controlling factors. The equilibrium data agreed well with the Langmuir isotherm, and the biosorption was favorable. The steam-explosion pretreatment strongly affected the biosorption in some respects. It reduced the adsorption rate constant and the initial sorption rate of the pseudo-second-order model. It enhanced the adsorption capacity of methylene blue at higher temperatures while reduced the capacity at lower ones. It changed the biosorption from an exothermic process driven by both the enthalpy and the entropy to an endothermic one driven by entropy only. It increased the surface area and decreased the pH point of zero charge of the biomass. Compared with the native XSSC, SE-XSSC is preferable to MB biosorption from warmer dye effluents.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine
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• v.34 no.3
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• pp.1-12
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• 2013

Objectives: This was study about identifying fine seed herbs that are highly mixed together: Celosiae Semen, Celoisae Cristatae Semen, Cuscutae Semen, Perillae Semen. Methods: In non-distinctive herbs through sensory test, we can find accurate discriminative points by using a stereoscope. As a result, a new discriminative key was completed. Results: We identified a comparison of herbs which are mixed up in distribution. 1) In the case of Celosiae Semen and Celoisae Cristatae Semen, Celoisae Cristatae Semen which is mixed up is bigger and more glossy and especially have the sunk umbilicus. 2) In the case of Cuscutae Semen and Perillae Semen, Perillae Semen is discriminated by characteristic morado netting surface and impression of fruit stalk in the single-ended. 3) In the case of Cuscutae Semen which is distributed in three species, we discriminated by beak shape, location of umbilicus and vomiting thread shape or not when put in water. (1) Cuscuta chinensis has a weak beaky shape, an umbilicus in center and is vomiting thread shape when put in water. (2) C. australis has very weak beaky shape, an umbilicus beneath and is vomiting thread shape when put in water. (3) C. japonica has clear beaky shape, an umbilicus beneath and is not vomiting thread shape when put in water. Conclusions: A stereoscope can be effectively used for identifying fine seed herbs hardly distinguishable by sensory tests.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• v.30 no.1
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• pp.25-32
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• 2014

Fusarium head blight (FHB; scab) caused mainly by Fusarium graminearum is a devastating disease of wheat and barley around the world. FHB causes yield reductions and contamination of grain with trichothecene mycotoxins such as deoxynivalenol (DON) which are a major health concern for humans and animals. The objective of this research was to develop an easy seed or seedling inoculation assay, and to compare these assays with whole plant resistance of twenty-nine Korean winter wheat cultivars to FHB. The clip-dipping assay consists of cutting off the coleoptiles apex, dipping the coleoptiles apex in conidial suspension, covering in plastic bag for 3 days, and measuring the lengths of lesions 7 days after inoculation. There were significant cultivar differences after inoculation with F. graminearum in seedling relative to the controls. Correlation coefficients between the lesion lengths of clip-dipping inoculation and FHB Type II resistance from adult plants were significant (r=0.45; P<0.05). Results from two other seedling inoculation methods, spraying and pin-point inoculation, were not correlated with adult FHB resistance. Single linear correlation was not significant between seed germination assays (soaking and soak-dry) and FHB resistance (Type I and Type II), respectively. These results showed that clip-dipping inoculation method using F. graminearum may offer a real possibility of simple, rapid, and reliable for the early screening of FHB resistance in wheat.