• Korean Security Journal
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• no.1
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• pp.283-319
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• 1997

Our society witnesses the rapid progress in the areas of politics, economy, society and culture in the process of national modernization since 1960s, which in turn as a reverse function gets to contract a societic pathology, totally lowering the security level of citizens' lives owing to various violent crimes like hostage commotions and murders with rifles and deadly weapons. what is the main reason for that? That may be partly because the chief police force concentrates on the current situation resulting in the vacuum of the public peace. However, the main reason is that the police fall short of man-power and equipments even if the whole police power were put to use in preventing and quelling the crimes. That is true not only of Korea but also of the advanced countries like the U.S.A., England and Japan. We realize that these advanced countries have higher level of security in every individual's life and property than Korea because their progress of the private guard systems can fill in a vacuum of the shortage of the police power, Therefore, we should without delay internationalize our private guard systems expecting the widely opening of the guard service markets in the age of Uruguay Round. To do this, we need to change our ideas for fostering the policy of the private guard from passive defense ideas into positive aggressive ones. Our police should urgently set up a plan to pursue the orientation of vision that we should dispatch our private guards overseas before foreign guards rush into our markets. Accordingly it goes without saying that the private guard group should distinguish their services from the public services initiating their own theory and strategy of private guard services and also readjust themselves between the public duties and the private services with the study of minimizing the reverse function of the private guard systems. The history criminal justice has always shown that the criminal system progressed at the initiative of the civil factor in case its demand and supply do not make both ends meet. Nevertheless, in the process the power of the government never weakens, rather it is built up in general. In conclusion, the necessity of the build-up of the private guard services must duly be acknowledged by the police as well as by the business which has its unique sphere within the criminal justice instead of as the suplemtary services of the simple the police power on the long-term basis. The purpose of the private guard services can be largely classified into the two categories; first it means the function to prevent the crimes against the citizens and secondly to enhance the national interest as an increasing mammoth business with a worldly competition capacity. The police has an absolute responsibility that they should protect the modem public in general from feeling the crisis of the personal threat, tension, anxiety and nervousness. In short, if we develop the complete private guard system to guarantee the societic atmosphere for all citizens, keep the public peace, and protect all citizens' lives and properties, we will sure enjoy a beautiful land, a wholesome society and a happy life in goodharmony of law and order.

• Journal of the Society of Disaster Information
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.10-17
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• 2012

The purpose of this study is to make people acknowledge the danger of the air terror and provide measures to prevent a recurrence of the accident and find required security. Also, the air terror is categorized into aircraft and airport and take steps to come up with preventive measures against the air terror by finding a countermeasure and precaution. The following steps should be checked to take precautionary measures against the air terror. major security crackdown and the need for a further security check should be conducted to prevent terrorists from boarding the aircraft, security around the airport needs to be tightened up by training the airport workers and promoting emergency situations, airport sheriffs and armed guards should be on patrol for the safety of the cabin, new measures of efficient security for in and around the airport and its facilities should be set up to tighten up security of baggage.

• Korean Security Journal
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• no.1
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• pp.73-98
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• 1997

The thesis suggests the proper ftaining methods and their future direction in order for bodyguards to have a general idea of basic skills of escort and develop them. What is meant by basic skills are the basic abilities of bodyguards for escort indluding physical strength, martial arts, and manipulation of equipment. The equipment in the thesis is confined to guns. The following are the requircments for the training of basic skills; 1, A bodyguard should be careful not to expose any equipment he uses his basic skills so that he does not make others feel uncomfortable. 2. He should be trained to give the safety of the person(s) escorted the first priority. 3. He should have the ability to take care of at least one attacker. 4. He should be trained to be able to evaluate the trend of attacks and keep up with it. Training fo basic skills are divided into three parts-physical training, martial arts and use of equipment. Each part is divided into basic training, applied training, and professional training, which again are integrated in one master training program. Especially, development of equipment which helps to take care of attacker(s) quickly without casualties and learning to use the equipment efficiently will accelerate the improvement of basic skills. The author of the thesis worked for Presidential Security Service for fourteen years and suggests the most efficient, protection-oriented way of training based on his experience.

• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.12 no.5
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• pp.41-47
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• 2014

Purpose - This paper investigates whether one's occupation influences one's attitude toward people with HIV/AIDS and suggests ways to counter HIV-related stigma in different work settings. Two samples comprising workers in different environments and occupations with contrasting personalities were chosen. Thus, security guards (authoritarian types) and catering workers (social types) were included. Research design, data, and methodology - The sample comprised246 service staff from the Rhodes University Catering Division and the Hi-Tec Security company, both in Grahamstown, South Africa, a small Eastern Cape province town. All employees at these organizations during the survey were eligible to participate. Results -The security sample displays significantly higher personal stigma scores than the catering sample, according to the Visser personal stigma scale (mean scores of 4.01 and 1.37, respectively; t=10.30, df=244, p=0.00). Similar results were found using Visser subscales. Conclusions - This study shows that occupation is a strong predictor of HIV-related stigma in the workplace, suggesting that workplace settings, by attracting particular personalities and influencing workers, may shape attitudes towards those who are HIV positive.

• Journal of the Optical Society of Korea
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• v.20 no.6
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• pp.722-732
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• 2016

A new optical one-time password (OTP) authentication method using digital holography is proposed, which enhances security strength in the authentication system. A challenge-response optical OTP algorithm based on two-factor authentication is presented using two-step phase-shifting digital holography, and two-way authentication is also performed using challenge-response handshake in both directions. Identification (ID), password (PW), and OTP are encrypted with a shared key by applying phase-shifting digital holography, and these encrypted pieces of information are verified by each party by means of the shared key. The encrypted digital holograms are obtained by Fourier-transform holography and are recorded on a CCD with 256 quantized gray-level intensities. Because the intensity pattern of such an encrypted digital hologram is distributed randomly, it guards against a replay attack and results in higher security level. The proposed method has advantages, in that it does not require a time-synchronized OTP, and can be applied to various authentication applications. Computer experiments show that the proposed method is feasible for high-security OTP authentication.

• Korean Security Journal
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• no.18
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• pp.73-99
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• 2009

There are three assassination and treatening cases in this thesis introduced as analysis data. They are shooting accidents of the U.S.A's President Reagun (1981,3.30), and the President Park Jeong Hee of South Korea(1974.8.15), assassination of the Prime Minister Lavin of Israel (1995.11.4) In March 30, 1981, there was an accident where criminal, Hinckley, fired ball cartridges right before the President Reagan got into the car to move to White House after completing the announcement of Hilton Hotel of Washington. As a result, the chest of president was shot and public information secretary and safeguard were wounded. In August, 15, pm 10:23, where the 29th 8.15 independent anniversay event was being celebrated by the people at the National theater in Jangchungdong, Seoul, the criminal Moon Sekwang fired ball cartridges, he failed to assassinate the President Park Jeong Hee of Korea, but shot the First lady Yuk Young Soo. She was wounded right part of head and died. In November 4, Saturday, pm 22:00 the Prime Minster Lavin had finished the supporting event of Middle Asia's Peace project and was taking on the car when he was killed by the criminal Amir's shooting, The accidents left very important lesson from the aspect of security analysis and it has been frequently used as a material for the education and training of safeguard organization. In Korea, as well as Presidential Security Service, national security departments have selected it as an important model for the subjects such as 'Security Analysis, 'Security Practice' and 'Security Methodology'. In the performance of security duty, security skill is the most important matter. Moreover, it has a close relationship with politics, society and culture. The purpose of this study is to analyze and reevaluate the case, which has been treated as a usual model from the aspect of security analysis, beyond its introduction. Attempted assassination of President Reagan was evaluated as a positive success example because of its rapid response of adjacent guards to evacuate Reagan, who is a guard target, within 10 seconds after the shot. When comparing it to President Kennedy Assassination of 1963, it was evaluated that guards were significantly specialized. In the study, however, it was possible to found many problems such as carelessness of guard, who is in charge of external area of event place, idle attitude for frequently used event place, confusion of wireless communication, risk of wireless security disclose, insufficient provision of compulsory record file, insufficient profiling of dangerous person and unsecured hospital and first-aid room.

• Convergence Security Journal
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• v.14 no.3_2
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• pp.37-43
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• 2014

In this study, it is intended to investigate the suitability of the use of Karate Kata martial arts as a guard. It is possible to carry out the mission to protect the subject guard it with the type technology. So, it is possible to be aware of the importance of karate training. And placing the purpose in raising the value of karate. Approach is a literature study. Collect and materials related books, papers karate, martial arts guards, such as martial arts, was helpful. First, karate kata use all the parts of a body. Thus, it is possible to form physical strength security staff. Second, Karate Kata has techniques are included. Thus it is possible to provide for a variety of attacks from the reservoir's. Thus, karate is capable of use as a security guard martial arts. Third, understand karate kata learn manners. And it can be a good learning mentality. Therefore Karate is in accordance various social changes such as the need to guard. Karate is security guard martial arts as a guard be considered in the development.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.25 no.9
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• pp.143-150
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• 2020

The purpose of this study is to investigate the human error of bodyguards caused in the process of performing access control activities between security missions, focusing on multiple risk cases, and to suggest countermeasures accordingly. To verify this, after arranging the sequence of events in a time series, the VTA technique and Why-Why analysis technique that can easily identify the problem centered on the variable node were used. In addition, environmental factors and personal factors that cause human errors were extracted through M-SHEL Metrix. As a result of analyzing multiple risk cases through such a method, the security environment factors that cause access control accidents include lack of time (impatience), prejudice against visitors, intensive work methods, lack of security management, unattended travel, and familiar atmosphere. (Relaxation), formal work activities, convenience provision, and underestimation were surveyed. In addition, human errors caused by personal security guards were investigated as low alertness, formal work, negligence of inspection, and comfortable coping.

• Convergence Security Journal
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.11-18
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• 2015

Our country is a nation accomplished the economic growth and democracy at the same time on the bases of human capitals. However, the laborers as human capitals are aging as well due to the population aging. These aging phenomena are impacting on our country's economy, society, and through the culture. It seems to increase the proportion of the elderly in the labor market of private security caused by continuously increasing the number of elderly employees in long-term trend and their preferences for the security services. These changes of labor market trend may result various problems including relevant laws and systems, the changes of laborers' ability, increase of crimes and so on. To prevent such potential problems, firstly the limits of maximum working hours of elderly private guards have to be set up, and the rest times for them must be secured. Furthermore, the declines of elderly laborers' abilities have to be reduced through the systematic educations relevant to their jobs to cover the rapidly declining elderly laborers' physical abilities. Lastly, the increase of crimes should be reduced through the education contents to be able to arouse their attentions by extending the time of job training and informing of criminal cases.

• Journal of the Society of Disaster Information
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.615-621
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• 2015

Man-made disasters are disastrous event, which can be reduced the damage through preventive measures and thorough inspections, unlike natural disasters. Thus, safety consciousness of citizens is not only important, but also safety consciousness of security guard who are involved with facility safety management. In other words, safety consciousness and fostering professionalism of security guards could reduce the damage, including human disaster and it enables the effective safety management. Therefore, this study selected the training and the organizational safety as variables with the influencing factors for improving the disaster safety consciousness of facility guard. After the analysis, the following results were confirmed. First, the training content and its environment would have a significant impact on the disaster safety consciousness. Second, organizational safety would have a significant impact on disaster safety consciousness. In other words, the improvement of training program and the formation of safety culture in organizational level will have a positive impact on the disaster safety awareness and enable effective safety management.