• Asian Journal of Atmospheric Environment
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.42-51
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• 2009

Saturated n-dicarboxylic acids ($C_2-C_7$, $C_9$), unsaturated dicarboxylic acids (maleic, fumaric, phthalic acid), ketocarboxylic acids (pyruvic, glyoxylic acid), and dicarbonyls (glyoxal, methylglyoxal) were determined in size-segregated samples with a high-volume Andersen air sampler at a suburban site in Saitama, Japan, May 12-17 and July 24-27, 2007 and January 22-31, 2008. The seasonal average concentrations of these detected organic acids were 670 $ng/m^3$, accounting for about 4.4-5.7% (C/C) of water-soluble organic carbon (WSOC) and 2.3-3.6% (C/C) of organic carbon (OC). The most abundant species of dicarboxylic acids was oxalic acid, followed by malonic, phthalic, or succinic acids. Glyoxylic acid and methyglyoxal were most abundant ketocarboxylic acid and dicarbonyl, respectively. Seasonal differences, size-segregated concentrations, and the correlations of these acids with ambient temperatures, oxidants, elemental carbon (EC), OC, WSOC, and ionic components were also discussed in terms of their corresponding sources and possible secondary formation pathways. The results suggested that photochemical reactions contributed more to the formation of particulate organic acids in Saitama suburban areas than did direct emissions from anthropogenic and natural sources. However, direct emissions of vehicles were also important sources of several organic acids in particles, such as phthalic and adipic acids, especially in winter.

• School Mathematics
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.957-973
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• 2013

This study analyzed Secondary Mathematically Gifted' mathematical thinking processes demonstrated from the activities. They configured regular triangle tessellations in the Non-Euclidean hyperbolic disk model. The students constructed the figure and transformation to construct the tessellation in the poincare disk. gsp file which is the dynamic geometric environmen, The students were to explore the characteristics of the hyperbolic segments, construct an equilateral triangle and inversion. In this process, a variety of strategic thinking process appeared and they recognized to the Non-Euclidean geometric system.

• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.15-23
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• 2017

Purpose - This research aims to determine whether the consumer affinity and ethnocentrism as well as the image of a foreign country (Japanese product as the most popular product in Indonesia) are able to influence behavior related to the perceived risk and willingness to buy foreign products from the affinity country. Research design, data, and methodology - Using survey techniques with 164 respondents, the study uses structural equation model with confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). To ensure the research objective and appropriate respondent, then we select an individual who have interest on Japanese culture & language. The primary and secondary data used in this study. Primary data refers to information collected directly from respondent by questionnaires dissemination while secondary data is provided from well-established literatures. Results - The results show us that the ethnocentrism has dominant affection role compared to affinity in order to influence consumer behavior meanwhile, the product country image has cognition role to evoke consumer desire to consume foreign products. Conclusions - From a theoretical perspective, the study contributes to international marketing literature by refining the conceptualization of the consumer affinity construct and highlighting its multidimensional nature. The consumer affinity research need to enrich in term of the context and the different culture and situation.

• English Language & Literature Teaching
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• no.5
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• pp.27-48
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• 1999

College students frequently feel their grammar knowledge from primary and middle school is not useful when they are asked to speak in college conversation classes. Because of their frustration at their lack of communicational ability as well as inappropriate teaching methods and class textbooks that have little to do with the student's major course of study, the student often has a low motivation to study. It is not uncommon for students to seek English education outside of their college classrooms by going to language institutes or studying abroad. College teachers need to find a way to use the student's background in grammar from primary and secondary schools. Despite the student's sentiment about his/her grammar education, grammar is an essential key to successful English conversation. Some ways that teachers can close the gap between primary and secondary school grammar education and college conversation classes are: to use a theme-based methodology, cue cards, and modeling. Activities such as Grammar Clinic, Grammar Police, and Show and Tell can be effective ways to bridge this gap. Teachers can use these activities and methods to correct such student errors as: incorrect word order, missing or unnecessary be verbs, confusion between be and do verbs, subject-verb agreement. and incorrect tense.

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.366-378
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• 1994

The titled study has been conducted by collecting questionnaires from 146 secondary school science teachers. The results analysed are as follows. 1. More than half of the science teachers think that they have too much loads on teaching and other works. They hope to teach 15 hours a week or less and also to be waived from extra works not related with teaching. 2. Most of the science teachers think that they are not paid enough salary. And more than half of them feel their economic and social status are below average. 3. Science teachers think that they have good relations with their colleagues but many of them are not much satisfied with the attitudes of students and their parents. 4. Science teachers want better facilities for teaching and for their office. 5. Science teachers feel difficult in teaching laboratory class. They pointed out that it is time-consuming to prepare for experiments and clean up the laboratory and that evaluation of experimental work is not easy. 6. Science teachers appeal that they have difficulties in teaching inquiry skills due to the crowded class and also lack of teaching materials for this purpose.

• The Journal of Korean Association of Computer Education
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.13-24
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• 2012

The problem with the Information Ethics is an issue recently since the increase of using Internet by young people. In this study, we developed dilemmas before developing a tool to measure the judgment of secondary school students on the Information Ethic. For this purpose, we selected issues consisted of four kinds of issues(PAPA) by Mason and add recent young people's issues in Korea. By experts in the related fields, we have developed dilemmas for each issues. we have proven the validity of completed dilemmas through pilot test by 30 secondary school students. As a result we completed 12 dilemmas able to measure the judgment of young people on the Information Ethics.

• Journal of Korean Home Economics Education Association
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.19-33
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• 1995

The goal of this study was to explore the existing program of resident practice structured for female students in order to propose its restructuring for male and female students in the secondary school. A sample of 30 teachers charged a program of resident practice and 55 home economics teachers completed self report measures of resident practice program. Interviews were conducted with 20 teachers to do in-depth research. The results indicated that, consistent with some previous research, there were some problems on facilities and program contents of resident practice. However, there were almost consistent with the required contents of program for male and female students. Significant differences were found only for the program contents such as table settings, wearing a traditional clothing and arranging flowers. A qualitative research showed that resident practice was equally important for the well-being of male and female students and preparing the 21st century. Respondents proposed that the program contents should be focused on traditional propriety and etiquette for daily life. More especially, the data illustrated how importance of the resident practice program should be a mechanism to be a human-centered education. The problems of resident practice for male and female students also was considered. Qualitative answers were suggested for the question : How the hall. Implications for resident practitioners, home economics educators, educational policy maker, as well as suggestions for future research were discussed.

• Journal of East-West Nursing Research
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.52-62
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• 2018

Purpose: This study aimed to examine the effects of premenstrual syndrome (PMS) symptoms and coping strategies on the health-related quality of life in elementary and secondary schools female teachers. Methods: 140 female teachers in C province were recruited using a correlational study design. The measurements used were the PMS symptoms scale, the PMS coping scale and the Korean version of health-related quality of life scale. Results: The higher quality of life were predicted by the lower PMS symptoms, the higher PMS coping, the better the quality of sleep, the lower the job and life stress, and the lower work disturbance due to the PMS symptoms. These variables explained 53% of the total variance. Conclusions: For better female teachers' health-related quality of life, health care programs for managing the PMS symptoms need to be developed by considering those identified variables. For health education practice, school health teachers need to distribute health educational materials for female teachers and to provide small-group health counselling services for PMS self care.

• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.320-328
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• 2011

Information regarding the status of lunch box service for children and juveniles from nutritionally vulnerable families is limited and has not been assessed from the view of beneficiaries. Therefore, this study intended to determine the satisfaction, current status, menu preferences, and dietary habits of recipients served lunch-box meals from Pocheon city. There were 41 subjects from primary schools and 73 from secondary schools. Although 94.8% answered that the foods were generally helpful, as much as 28.9% replied that the amount of food provided was too little. Only 77.2% answered that they eat the foods always or usually, 29.5% answered that they throw away leftover foods, and only 71.9% recycled empty containers, suggesting the need for instruction regarding how to deal with leftover foods and containers. Food preferences were high for deep-fried foods and meats and low for fish and vegetables, and that for vegetable egg rolls was relatively high, suggesting the need to increase vegetable intake. Adherences to guidelines regarding street foods was the lowest in both elementary and secondary school students, suggesting that the contents of nutrition education for these students should include materials to improve dietary habits, along with increasing the consumption of milk.

• Journal for History of Mathematics
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• v.33 no.4
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• pp.237-257
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• 2020

In this paper, we classify the mathematical terms in Korean Standard Unabridged Dictionary into four groups; ① group 1 consists of the terms which coincide with the mathematical terms in the 2015 Editing Material, ② group 2 consists of the terms which are synonyms or old terms or inflection forms of the mathematical terms in the Editing Material, ③ group 3 consists of the terms which do not belong to group 1 or group 2, but relate to the elementary or secondary school mathematics, ④ group 4 consists of the terms which do not relate to the elementary or secondary school mathematics. And then we make a comparative study with the mathematical terms in the Editing Material. In this study, we find out the mathematical terms in the Editing Material, but not in Korean Standard Unabridged Dictionary. And by using synonyms and old terms of the mathematical terms in the Editing Material we guess the rough tendency which terms belong to the Editing Material. By investigating the terms in group 3 and 4, we find out the mathematical terms which may belong to the Editing Material. We also find out the wrong or inconsistent explanations in Korean Standard Unabridged Dictionary.