• Title/Summary/Keyword: Secondary Products

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Agroclimatic Maps Augmented by a GIS Technology (디지털 농업기후도 해설)

  • Yun, Jin-I.
    • Korean Journal of Agricultural and Forest Meteorology
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    • v.12 no.1
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    • pp.63-73
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    • 2010
  • A comprehensive mapping project for agroclimatic zoning in South Korea will end by April 2010, which has required 4 years, a billion won (ca. 0.9 million US dollars) and 22 experts from 7 institutions to complete it. The map database from this project may be categorized into primary, secondary and analytical products. The primary products are called "high definition" digital climate maps (HD-DCMs) and available through the state of the art techniques in geospatial climatology. For example, daily minimum temperature surfaces were prepared by combining the climatic normals (1971-2000 and 1981-2008) of synoptic observations with the simulated thermodynamic nature of cold air by using the raster GIS and microwave temperature profiling which can quantify effects of cold air drainage on local temperature. The spatial resolution of the gridded climate data is 30m for temperature and solar irradiance, and 270m for precipitation. The secondary products are climatic indices produced by statistical analysis of the primary products and includes extremes, sums, and probabilities of climatic events relevant to farming activities at a given grid cell. The analytical products were prepared by driving agronomic models with the HD-DCMs and dates of full bloom, the risk of freezing damage, and the fruit quality are among the examples. Because the spatial resolution of local climate information for agronomic practices exceeds the current weather service scale, HD-DCMs and the value-added products are expected to supplement the insufficient spatial resolution of official climatology. In this lecture, state of the art techniques embedded in the products, how to combine the techniques with the existing geospatial information, and agroclimatic zoning for major crops and fruits in South Korea will be provided.

Development of Making Green Elementary/Secondary School Model through the Educational Information (교육정보화를 통한 초.중등 녹색학교(GS) 만들기 모델 개발)

  • Park, Sun-Ju;Lee, Seung-Jin;Kim, You-Ho;Kang, A-Young;Oh, Joung-Eun
    • Journal of The Korean Association of Information Education
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    • v.14 no.3
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    • pp.355-364
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    • 2010
  • Elementary/secondary school must make the scheme for the Low Carbon Green Growth embodiment because of the environmental problems and the Low Carbon Green Growth Policy for responding to global environmental crisis. This paper proposes a plan to make green elementary/secondary school model through the educational information. It divides into 'Greening of IT Information Resources' and 'Greening of Education Environment' through the educational information'. It is expected to embody Green School if these projects are realized to the elementary/secondary school. 'Greening of IT Information Resources' suggests the guideline necessary to the introduction of IT products, the method to abandon considering recycling IT products and environmental information infrastructure model. 'Greening of Education Environment' proposes the IT green practice method for teachers and students to keep and shows the practice of various educational information service to seek a conversion to low carbon education environment. It is expected to embody Green School if these projects are realized to the elementary/secondary school.

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Lithium/Sulfur Secondary Batteries: A Review

  • Zhao, Xiaohui;Cheruvally, Gouri;Kim, Changhyeon;Cho, Kwon-Koo;Ahn, Hyo-Jun;Kim, Ki-Won;Ahn, Jou-Hyeon
    • Journal of Electrochemical Science and Technology
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    • v.7 no.2
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    • pp.97-114
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    • 2016
  • Lithium batteries based on elemental sulfur as the cathode-active material capture great attraction due to the high theoretical capacity, easy availability, low cost and non-toxicity of sulfur. Although lithium/sulfur (Li/S) primary cells were known much earlier, the interest in developing Li/S secondary batteries that can deliver high energy and high power was actively pursued since early 1990’s. A lot of technical challenges including the low conductivity of sulfur, dissolution of sulfur-reduction products in the electrolyte leading to their migration away from the cathode, and deposition of solid reaction products on cathode matrix had to be tackled to realize a high and stable performance from rechargeable Li/S cells. This article presents briefly an overview of the studies pertaining to the different aspects of Li/S batteries including those that deal with the sulfur electrode, electrolytes, lithium anode and configuration of the batteries.

Evaluation of Corrosion Product Behavior in NPP Secondary System with Complex Amine (복합아민 적용에 따른 원전 2차 계통 부식생성물 거동평가)

  • JUNG, Hyunjun;RHEE, In Hyoung;Kim, Young In
    • Transactions of the Korean Society of Pressure Vessels and Piping
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    • v.10 no.1
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    • pp.96-99
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    • 2014
  • The aim of the study was to evaluate the water treatment of pressurized water reactor secondary side by the mixed amine of ammonia and ethanolamine, from the standpoint of corrosion control, as compared with all volatile treatment of ammonia. The pressurized water reactor systems have switched a secondary side pH control agent to minimize the corrosion in the moisture separator/reheater and feedwater heater systems and the transport of corrosion products into steam generator. As results of field test, pH was increased in the steam generator and the wet steam area of moisture separator/reheater and the concentration of Fe were decreased by more than 50% as compared with water treatment of ammonia.

Method for Cloning Biosynthetic Genes of Secondary Metabolites Including Deoxysugar from Actinomycetes

  • Sohng, Jae-Kyung;Oh, Tae-Jin;Kim, Chun-Gyu
    • BMB Reports
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    • v.31 no.5
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    • pp.475-483
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    • 1998
  • Many antibiotics contain partially deoxygenated sugar components that are usually essential for biological activity, affinity, structural stability, and solubility of antibiotics. Gene probes of the biosynthetic genes related with the deoxysugar were obtained from PCR. Primers were designed from the conserved peptide sequences of the known dTDP-D-glucose 4,6-dehydratases, which are the key step enzymes in the biosynthesis of deoxysugar. The primers were applied to amplify parts of dehydratase genes to 27 actinomycetes that produce the metabolites containing deoxysugar as structural constituents. About 180 and 340 bp DNA fragments from all of the actinomycetes were produced by PCR and analyzed by Southern blot and DNA sequencing. The PCR products were used as gene probes to clone the biosynthetic gene clusters for the antibiotic mithramycin, rubradirin, spectinomycin, and elaiophyrin. This method should allow for detecting of the biosynthetic gene clusters of a vast array of secondary metabolites isolated from actinomycetes because of the widespread existence of deoxysugar constituents in secondary metabolites.

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The Experimental Study on the Testing of Performance for Concrete Materials Using Powdered Waste Classes(PWG) (폐유리 분말을 이용한 콘크리트 제품의 성능 분석에 관한 실험적 연구)

  • 서동훈;김상미;박재한;강태경;박선길;정상진
    • Proceedings of the Korea Concrete Institute Conference
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    • 2002.05a
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    • pp.329-334
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    • 2002
  • The present age, it has been often reported that recycling of wasted glasses should he a great topic in related business circles. For the enviromental reasons, a public institution are looking for the ways of recycling these waste glasses. First of all, the purpose of this research is to recycle crushed and powdered waste glasses by substituting for the cement in mortar and concrete. the optimum replacement ratio of Powdered Waste Glasses(PWG) can be obtained from the pilot test results. Secondary, we made advances in recycling of waste glasses as recycled to make secondary concrete products. so, we manufactured concrete brick, block and interlocking block for side walk contained powdered waste glasses. finally, we compare properties among of concrete products to slove the economical and environmental problems.

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An Experimental Study on the Basic Properties of Lightweight Concrete Secondary Products by Admixture (혼화재료를 이용한 경량콘크리트 2차 제품의 제작을 위한 기초적 물성에 관한 실험적 연구)

  • 김영진;공민호;김광기;강태경;임남기;정상진
    • Proceedings of the Korea Concrete Institute Conference
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    • 2003.05a
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    • pp.775-780
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    • 2003
  • The propose of this study is to discover concrete secondary products for proper mixing by lightweight concrete. The standard of water ratio 50% and weight substition 0%, 10%, 20% by Fly-ash. When produce manufactures, there use for maintain its form weight substition and addition among the viscosity agent each Silica-fume and Hydroxy propyl methyl cellulos. Testing method was to operate slump, air content, compressive strength test, rapid freezing and thawing test. The result of this study is appeared when substition Fly-ash generally it had better use Silica-fume.

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Fish Oil Enriched Diet-Induced in vivo Lipid Peroxidation and Increased Excretion of Urinary Lipophilic Lipid Metabolites in Rats

  • Kim, Song-Suk
    • Nutritional Sciences
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    • v.3 no.1
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    • pp.18-24
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    • 2000
  • Peroxidative stimuli mediated by high polyunsaturated fatty acid administration in rats induced in vivo lipid peroxidation and resulted in increased urinary excretion of a number of lipophilic aldehydes and related carbonyl compounds. These secondary lipid peroxiation products, measured as 2, 4-dinitrophenylhydrazine deritives, were detected and identified by the newly developed HPLC method. The identified urinary lipophilic nonpolar aldehydes and related carbonyl compounds were butanal, butan-2-one, pentan-2-one, hexanal, hex-2-enal, hepta-2, 4-dienal, hept-2-enal, octanal, and oct-2-enal. Lipophilic polar aldehydes such as 4-hydroxyhex-2-enal and 4-hydroxyoct-2-enal were also identified. A polyunsaturated fatty acid diet containing n-3 fatty acids generally caused high levels of urinary excretion of lipophilic aldehydes and related carbonyl compounds in rats than a normal diet. Significantly increased secondary lipid peroxidation products were hexanal, hepta-2, 4-dienal, octanal, 4-hydroxyhex-2-exal, 4-hydroxyoct-2-enal, and a number of unidentified compunds.

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Basic Characterization of Resource-recycling Secondary Products of Cement by Using Sludge Solids as The Main Material (회수수 슬러지 고형분을 주재료로 한 자원순환형 시멘트 2차 제품 생산의 기초적 특성 평가)

  • Kim, Min-Sung;Hong, Sung-Jun;Kim, Young-Jin;Ryu, Dong-Woo
    • Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Building Construction Conference
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    • 2021.11a
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    • pp.118-119
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    • 2021
  • In this study, we confirmed the basic characteristics of paste and mortar 1:1, 1:2, 1:3 composition using concrete sludge solid content for the purpose of developing a resource-recycling cement secondary products. The 1:2 mortar formulation showed the best compressive strength. The steam curing strength is superior in the order of C20, BS40, BS20 and Control. it is judged that the FA combination is not suitable.

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A Study on the Surface Properties Test of the Grinding Disk Assembly for Crushing Materials in Secondary Cells (이차전지 원료 해쇄용 그라인딩 디스크 어셈블리 표면 특성 시험에 관한 연구)

  • Sang-Pil Han;Dong-Hyuk Lee
    • Design & Manufacturing
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    • v.17 no.2
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    • pp.33-41
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    • 2023
  • Metal raw materials and chemical additives, which are raw materials for secondary batteries, are pulverized by the high-speed rotation of the Grinding Disc of the Classifier Separator Mill (CSM). Grinding discs are required to withstand abrasion, corrosion, high-speed rotational force and impact. In order to analyze the stability of domestic and foreign grinding discs, quality tests including surface roughness, surface lubrication, surface state measurement, and surface 3D shape measurement were analyzed. When producing developed products, it shows that excellent products can be produced.