• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.294-307
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• 2024

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Dietitians frequently use nutrition education tools to facilitate dietary counselling sessions. Nevertheless, these tools may require adaptation to keep pace with technological advancements. This study had a 2-fold purpose: first, to identify the types of nutrition education tools currently in use, identify their limitations, and explore dietitians' perspectives on the importance of these tools; second, to investigate the features that dietitians prefer in digital nutrition education tools. SUBJECTS/METHODS: A semi-structured face-to-face interview was conducted among 15 dietitians from selected public hospitals, primary care clinics, and teaching hospitals in Malaysia. Inductive thematic analysis of the responses was conducted using NVivo version 12 software. RESULTS: Most dietitians used physical education tools including the healthy plate model, pamphlets, food models, and flip charts. These tools were perceived as important as they facilitate the nutrition assessment process, deliver nutrition intervention, and are time efficient. However, dietitians described the current educational tools as impersonal, outdated, limited in availability due to financial constraints, unhandy, and difficult to visualise. Alternatively, they strongly favoured digital education tools that provided instant feedback, utilised an automated system, included a local food database, were user-friendly, developed by experts in the field, and seamlessly integrated into the healthcare system. CONCLUSION: Presently, although dietitians have a preference for digital educational tools, they heavily rely on physical nutrition education tools due to their availability despite the perception that these tools are outdated, impersonal, and inconvenient. Transitioning to digital dietary education tools could potentially address these issues.

• 지역연구
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• 제40권2호
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• pp.57-73
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• 2024

본 연구의 목적은 차별화 된 분석지표를 활용하여 2040년 대전의 중심지 위계와 도시공간구조를 설정하는 것이다. 미래의 대전시의 도시공간에서 중심지 위계를 설정하기 위해서는 인구밀도, 건축물의 용도(상업 및 업무, 주거 등), 통행량 데이터(KTDB) 등 3개 지표를 도출하였다. 지표를 활용하여 중심지 위계를 분석한 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 도심(핵)기능을 담당하는 1차 중심지는 둔산도심과 원도심(대전역세권, 도심융합특구지정), 도안신도시 일원으로 3개 지역으로 설정하고, 부도심(지역거점)에 해당하는 2차 중심지는 9개로 설정하였으며, 지역중심(생활권 중심)에 해당하는 3차 중심지는 10개, 그리고 특화거점 5개를 신설하는 중심지 위계를 설정하였다. 둘째, 2030대전도시기본계획 상 중심지 위계와는 다른 새로운 2차 중심지와 3차 중심지가 나타났다. 본 연구에서 활용된 3개 지표를 통해 도시경쟁력을 확보할 수 있는 도시공간구조와 중심지 위계 설정에 있어서 유의미한 결과를 도출하였다.

• 한국수학교육학회지시리즈C:초등수학교육
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• 제27권2호
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• pp.155-171
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• 2024

본 연구는 '삼각형 세 각의 크기의 합'의 학습에서 수학수업의 도입 초점을 측정과 기하의 두 측면으로 달리하였을 때 학생들의 추론 과정 및 정당화 방식을 비교 분석하였다. 이를 확인하기 위하여 경기도 수원시에 위치한 H초등학교 4학년 1개 학급을 선정하여 연구를 실시하였다. 이 연구를 통해 얻은 결론은 다음과 같다. 첫째, '삼각형 세각의 크기의 합'을 수학 수업에서 도입할 때, 측정 관점에서 도입하는 것과 도형 관점에서 도입하는 것은 유의미한 차이가 있다. 둘째, '삼각형 세 각의 크기의 합은 180°이다.'를 정당화하기 위해 '세 각을 모으면 평각이 된다.'와 같은 도형 방식보다 '세 각의 크기를 더하면 180°이다.'와 같은 측정 방식으로 참임을 설명하는 것이 더 도움이 된다. 초등학생은 조작적 활동을 통해 수학적 지식을 이해하기 때문에, 활동의 수준은 수학 학습의 질로 연결된다. 이러한 추론 과정에 대한 연구는 2022 개정 교육과정의 '도형과 측정'이라는 하나 영역 속에서 '삼각형의 세 각의 크기의 합'을 어떤 계열로 접근할 것인지 기초 자료가 될 것이다.

• 대한소아치과학회지
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• 제50권4호
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• pp.469-482
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• 2023

This study aimed to investigate the treatment options for the delayed eruption of mandibular premolars and identify the predictors of spontaneous eruption using panoramic radiography. The prevalence of delayed mandibular premolar eruption in this retrospective analysis, comprising 254 patients (aged 9 - 15 years), was 5.19%, with no significant difference based on gender. The mandibular second premolars were most affected (4.39%) compared to the first premolars (0.76%). No significant difference in prevalence was observed between the left and right sides. Among the treated mandibular premolars, primary molar-related lesions were identified as the leading cause (7.85%) of delayed tooth eruption. The treatment duration varied based on the Nolla stage, eruption stage, and treatment method. Teeth with Nolla stage 7 or lower had a treatment duration of 22.89 ± 11.96 months, whereas those with stage 8 or higher had a 15.02 ± 6.34 month duration. The deeper the tooth was located in the bone, the longer the treatment period became. The treatment duration varied depending on the treatment method, and statistically, there was no significant difference. The treatment durations for affected mandibular premolars increased with the depth of impaction angle of inclination. In this study, the treatment duration for delayed eruptions varied depending on the Nolla stage, eruption stage, and treatment method. Variations in the impaction depth and inclination angle across various treatment approaches, as explored in this study, might offer valuable insights into the selection of the most suitable management options for delayed tooth eruptions.

• Molecules and Cells
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• 제46권12호
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• pp.746-756
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• 2023

A recent study revealed that the loss of Deup1 expression does not affect either centriole amplification or multicilia formation. Therefore, the deuterosome per se is not a platform for amplification of centrioles. In this study, we examine whether gain-of-function of Deup1 affects the development of multiciliated ependymal cells. Our time-lapse study reveals that deuterosomes with an average diameter of 300 nm have two different fates during ependymal differentiation. In the first instance, deuterosomes are scattered and gradually disappear as cells become multiciliated. In the second instance, deuterosomes self-organize into a larger aggregate, called a deuterosome cluster (DC). Unlike scattered deuterosomes, DCs possess centriole components primarily within their large structure. A characteristic of DC-containing cells is that they tend to become primary ciliated rather than multiciliated. Our in utero electroporation study shows that DCs in ependymal tissue are mostly observed at early postnatal stages, but are scarce at late postnatal stages, suggesting the presence of DC antagonists within the differentiating cells. Importantly, from our bead flow assay, ectopic expression of Deup1 significantly impairs cerebrospinal fluid flow. Furthermore, we show that expression of mouse Deup1 in Xenopus embryos has an inhibitory effect on differentiation of multiciliated cells in the epidermis. Taken together, we conclude that the DC formation of Deup1 in multiciliated cells inhibits production of multiple centrioles.

• 상하수도학회지
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• 제37권6호
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• pp.375-382
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• 2023

The binary oxide adsorbent using Fe and Mn (Fe-Mn) has been prepared by precipitation method to enhance the removal of phosphate. Different amounts of chitosan, a natural organic polymer, were used during preparation of Fe-Mn as a stabilizer to protect an aggregation of Fe-Mn particles. The optimal amount of chitosan has been determined considering the separation of the Fe-Mn particles by gravity from solution and highest removal efficiency of phosphate (Fe-Mn10). The application of Fe-Mn10 increased removal efficiency at least 15% compared to bare Fe-Mn. According to the Langmuir isotherm model, the maximum uptake (q_m) and affinity coefficient (b) were calculated to be 184 and 240 mg/g, and 4.28 and 7.30 L/mg for Fe-Mn and Fe-Mn10, respectively, indicating 30% and 70% increase. The effect of pH showed that the removal efficiency of phosphate was decrease with increase of pH regardless of type of adsorbent. The enhanced removal efficiency for Fe-Mn10 was maintained in entire range of pH. In the kinetics, both adsorbents obtained 70% removal efficiency within 5 min and 90% removal efficiency was achieved at 1 h. Pseudo second order (PSO) kinetic model showed higher correlation of determination (R²), suggesting chemisorption was the primary phosphate adsorption for both Fe-Mn and Fe-Mn10.

• 한국컴퓨터정보학회논문지
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• 제29권6호
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• pp.89-100
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• 2024

소프트웨어 테스팅의 궁극적인 목표는 소프트웨어의 에러를 찾아내고 수정하는 것이다. 소프트웨어 에러를 발견하기 어렵게 만드는 요인 중에는 소프트웨어의 에러가 출력에 도달하기 전에 내부에서 마스킹 되어 사라지는 것이다. 이 논문의 목적은 소프트웨어 테스팅을 어렵게 만드는 에러 마스킹의 원인 및 특성을 조사하는 것이다. 이를 위해 3개의 소프트웨어를 대상으로 인위적인 에러를 주입하여 그 에러가 다양한 테스트 케이스들에 의해서 얼마만큼 마스킹 되는지, 그리고 그 원인은 무엇인지를 조사하였다. 실험 결과 4가지 주요 발견이 도출 되었다. 첫째, 약 50% 정도의 에러 마스킹은 에러가 실행되지 않았기 때문에 발생하였다. 둘째, 여러 연산자들 중에서 논리연산자와 산술연산자는 에러를 상대적으로 적게 마스킹하고, 관계연산자와 시간 연산자는 에러를 상대적으로 많이 마스킹하였다. 셋째, 테스트 케이스들 중에 에러를 출력까지 전파시키는데 특별한 성능을 보이는 테스트 케이스의 존재를 확인할 수 있었다. 넷째, 주입한 에러의 종류에 따라서 마스킹 효과가 다르다는 것을 확인할 수 있었다.

• 정보관리학회지
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• 제41권2호
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• pp.71-96
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• 2024

본 논문에서는 정보 리터러시 교육의 모형과 표준들이 학교를 기반으로 하여 공공도서관에서 진행하기에 한계가 있음을 확인하고, 공공도서관에서 초등 고학년 대상의 온라인 정보 리터러시 교육을 효과적으로 설계하고 실천하기 위한 교육 모형을 개발·제안하기 위하여 연구를 진행하였다. 선행문헌 고찰과 현황 및 사례 분석을 통해 정보 리터러시의 정의 및 영역, 학습 단계 및 활동, 개념 및 절차 모형, 교수학습 계획을 포함한 1·2차 모형을 개발하였다. 교육모형의 내적 타당성 평가를 위해 1·2차 전문가 조사를 진행하였으며, 수집된 의견을 종합하고 수렴하여 최종 모형을 도출하였다. 연구 결과, 최종적으로 개발된 교육모형은 '정보 리터러시 개념', '교육의 구성요소 영역', '개념 모형', '절차 모형', '설계원리 및 상세지침', '학습 단계 및 활동', '교수·학습 계획'의 7개의 영역으로 구성되었으며 모형을 적용하여 실제 교수학습계획을 제시하였다.

• Clinical Endoscopy
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• 제56권2호
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• pp.239-244
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• 2023

Tuberculosis is an adverse event in patients with Crohn's disease receiving anti-tumor necrosis factor (TNF) therapy. However, tuberculosis presenting as a bronchoesophageal fistula (BEF) is rare. We report a case of tuberculosis and BEF in a patient with Crohn's disease who received anti-TNF therapy. A 33-year-old Korean woman developed fever and cough 2 months after initiation of anti-TNF therapy. And the symptoms persisted for 1 months, so she visited the emergency room. Chest computed tomography was performed upon visiting the emergency room, which showed BEF with aspiration pneumonia. Esophagogastroduodenoscopy with biopsy and endobronchial ultrasound with transbronchial needle aspiration confirmed that the cause of BEF was tuberculosis. Anti-tuberculosis medications were administered, and esophageal stent insertion through endoscopy was performed to manage the BEF. However, the patient's condition did not improve; therefore, fistulectomy with primary closure was performed. After fistulectomy, the anastomosis site healing was delayed due to severe inflammation, a second esophageal stent and gastrostomy tube were inserted. Nine months after the diagnosis, the fistula disappeared without recurrence, and the esophageal stent and gastrostomy tube were removed.

• 한국직업건강간호학회지
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.144-155
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• 1997

In December 1990, Occupational Safety and Health Law was amended to reinforce employer's responsibilities on employees' health and safety. Among the amended law it was important to expand the role of an occupational health nurse to the role of an occupational health manager. An occupational health manager should take charge of coordinating periodic health examination and environmental hazard evaluation, providing primary care, monitoring employees' health status, giving the workplace walk-through, selecting safe protection equipment, providing health information, counseling and health education, independently. This position of occupational health nurse is equivalent to the role of doctors or occupational hygienists. In 1991, government made a master plan to prevent occupational disease and injury. Under the plan, Korea Industrial Nursing Association (KINA) was established in 1994 with the purpose of improving health services and upgrading career opportunities for members. Therefore, this study was designed to analyze the transition of occupational health nursing education with the changes of law and policy in Korea between 1991 and 1996. In details, it was to analyze the rate of school providing occupational health nursing practice based lecture, lecture hours, lecture contents in undergraduate curriculum, program contents of graduate school, kinds of continuing education, etc. For this purpose, we conducted survey two times. In February 1991, baseline study was conducted with all nursing programs in Korea (19 BSN programs and 43 nursing departments of junior college). From April to May in 1996, the second survey was conducted with all nursing programs (38 BSN programs and 69 junior colleges). The first response rate was 66.1% and the second was 40.6%. Structured questionnaires were mailed to the deans or the community health nursing faculties. In the case of graduate school, telephone survey was conducted with 10 school of public health or environmental health area. Data from the yearbook of Industrial Safety Training Institute (ISTI), the history of Korea Industrial Health Association, and the journals of KINA were also included in the analysis. As the results, we found that there were remarkable improvement in undergraduate and graduate programs, obligatory as well as voluntary continuing education in terms of occupational health nursing expertise between 1991 and 1996. 1) The number of school providing occupational health nursing practice-based lecture was increased with the rate from 7.3% to 25.6%. The rate of school giving over 15 class-hours was increased from 33.3% to 46.6%. 2) Content areas were composed of introduction of occupational health, occupational epidemiology, industrial hygiene, occupational disease and injury, law and policy, health education, concept of occupational health nursing, role of occupational health nurse, occupational health nursing process, etc. Of content areas, occupational health nursing process was more emphasized with the increased rate from 43.9% to 88.4%. 3) In the case of graduate school, occupational health programs were increased from 4 to 10. One of them has developed occupational health nursing program as an independent course since 1991. 4) The law increased educational hours from 28 hours to 36 hours for introductory course at the time of appointment, and from 14 hours to 24 hours every 2 years for continuing education. Course contents were Occupational safety and health law, introduction of occupational health, health education methodology, planning and evaluation, periodic health exam, occupational disease care, primary care, emergency care, management, industrial environment evaluation, etc. In 1996, Korea Industrial Nursing Association has begun to provide continuing education after Industrial Safety Training Institute. 5) Various educational programs in voluntary base were developed such as monthly seminar, CE articles, annual academic symposium, etc. It was shown that changes of law and policy led rapid growth of occupational health nursing education in various levels. From this trend, it is expected that occupational health nurse expertise be continuously to be enhanced in Korea. Legal and political supports should proceed for the development of occupational health nursing in early stage.