• 제목/요약/키워드: Seasonal characteristic

검색결과 177건 처리시간 0.031초

수용가의 형태와 계절별 특성을 고려한 부하특성계수 재 산정 (Estimation of Load Characteristic Factor Considering The Load Pattern and Seasonal Characteristic for Consumer)

  • 황혜미;장성일;김광호;김재언;노대석;정익중
    • 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 대한전기학회 2003년도 추계학술대회 논문집 전력기술부문
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    • pp.450-453
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    • 2003
  • This paper presents the estimation on Load Characteristic Factor(k) which is considered to load pattern and seasonal characteristic of consumer. We can calculate the loss of distribution networks through the equation composing of Load Factor(LF), Loss Load Factor(LLF) and load characteristic factor(k). This equation is similar to the method of Regulator-General Victoria, Australia. Generally, the conventional method for calculating the distribution losses uses k with a constant value from 0.1 to 0.3. However, the k which is a relationship between LF and LLF can be varied by load pattern and seasonal characteristics. It is necessary to estimate the k according to load characteristics. This paper shows the result for recalculating k using the KEPCO's SOMAS data measured in distribution networks.

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하절기(夏節期)와 동절기(冬節期)의 감모환아(感冒患兒)에 대한 임상적(臨床的) 고찰(考察) (The Clinical Study in Children with Common Cold (in summer & winter))

  • 구진숙;백정한
    • 대한한방소아과학회지
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    • 제16권2호
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    • pp.101-110
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    • 2002
  • The common cold is the most common pediatric infectious disease and occupies a great number of outpatients in oriental pediatrics. Because children's common cold has characteristic symptoms, we studied 276 children suffering from common cold Oriental Medicine Hospital in Kyungsan University and analyzed sex, age, chief complaints, characteristic symptoms.(period : summer 2001. 6.1.-2001.8.31, winter 2001.12.1-2002. 2. 28) The results were as follows : 1. Male to female ratios were 17: 1 in summer, 1.2: 1 in winter, 1.4: 1 in total 2. Age distribution of children from 0 to 1 was 20.29%, from 1 to 3 was 39.49%, from 3 to 6 was 32.97%, from 6 to 10 was 7.27%, over 10 was 0%, from 0 to 6 was 92.75%. 3. Frequency of chief complaints In summer : cough was 22.28%, nasal discharge was 18.39%, fever was 16.58%, secretion and sputum were 14.50%, sweating was 6.99%, nausea or vomitting were 4.92% etc. In winter : cough was 24.20%, nasal discharge was 18.03%, secretion and sputum were 16.43%, occlusion of nares was 11.64%, fever was 9.58%, nausea or vomitting were 3.88% etc. Frequency of chief complaints has seasonal difference. 4. Children's common cold has characteristic symptoms and seasonal difference. 5. Children's common cold has characteristic clinical subtype.

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함수비 특성곡선과 투수계수 특성곡선이 불포화토내에서의 물의 흐름에 미치는 영향분석 (Analysis of Influence by soil water-characteristic curve and permeability-suction relationship for the water flow in unsaturated soil)

  • 김석남
    • 한국방재학회 논문집
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    • 제3권2호
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    • pp.119-125
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    • 2003
  • 불포화토에서 물의 흐름은 함수비 특성곡선과 투수계수 특성곡선(permeability-suction relation ship)이라 불리우는 두 방정식에 의해서 영향 받는다. 함수비 특성곡선은 체적함수비와 석션(suction)간의 관계를 나타내는 방정식이다. 많은 연구자들은 특성곡선식들을 제시해 왔다. 이 논문은 불포화토에서 물의 흐름을 분석할 때 특성곡선식들을 정확하게 결정하는 것이 중요하다는 것을 보여준다. 비교목적을 위해서 두 방법 즉, Gardner (1958)에 의해서 제시된 특성곡선식들과 Fredlund (1994) 의해서 제시된 특성곡선식들이 사용된다. 이 두 방법을 사용하여 유한요소법에 의한 물 흐름의 수치해석이 수행된다. 수치해석 결과들은 미 Ohio주 Delaware County에 있는 TDR (Time-domain reflectometry) 계측기로부터 얻어진 현장 데이터와 비교된다. 이 데이터는 전략적 고속도로 연구 프로그램(Strategic Highway Research Program)의 한 부분으로 포함된 계절 계측 프로그램(Seasonal Instrumentation Program)에 의해 얻어졌다.

철도 건널목 사고의 발생빈도 특성분석 연구 (Analysis of the Characteristic of Railroad(level-crossing) Accident Frequency)

  • 박준태;강팔문;박성호
    • 한국안전학회지
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    • 제29권2호
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    • pp.76-81
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    • 2014
  • Railroad traffic accident consists of train accident, level-crossing accident, traffic death and injury accident caused by train or vehicle, and it is showing a continuous downward trend over a long period of time. As a result of the frequency comparison of train accidents and level-crossing accidents using the railway accident statistics data of Railway Industry Information Center, the share of train accident is over 90% in the 1990s and 80% in the 2000s more than the one of level-crossing accidents. In this study, we investigated time series characteristic and short-term prediction of railroad crossing, as well as seasonal characteristic. The analysis data has been accumulated over the past 20 years by using the frequency data of level-crossing accident, and was used as a frequency data per month and year. As a result of the analysis, the frequency of accident has the characteristics of the seasonal occurrence, and it doesn't show the significant decreasing trend in a short-term.

Study on Response of Ecosystem to the East Asian Monsoon in Eastern China Using LAI Data Derived from Remote Sensing Information

  • Zhang, Jiahua;Yao, Fengmei;Fu, Congbin
    • 대한원격탐사학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 대한원격탐사학회 2003년도 Proceedings of ACRS 2003 ISRS
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    • pp.1298-1300
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    • 2003
  • Based on the Leaf Area Index (LAI) data derived from remote sensing information and eco-climate data, the responses of regional ecosystem variations in seasonal and interannual scales to the East Asian monsoon are studied in this paper. It is found that the vegetation ecosystems of eastern China are remarkably correlated with the East Asian monsoon in seasonal and interannual scales. In the seasonal timescale, the obvious variations of the vegetation ecosystems occur with the development of the East Asian monsoon from the south in the spring to the north in the autumn. In the interannual scale, high LAI appears in the strong East Asian monsoon year, whereas low LAI is related to the weak East Asian monsoon year. These further lead to the characteristic of 'onsoon-driven ecosystem' in the eastern China monsoon region, which can be revealed by LAI.

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Seasonal variations in the content and composition of essential oil from Zanthoxylum piperitum

  • Kim, Jong-Hee
    • Journal of Ecology and Environment
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    • 제35권3호
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    • pp.195-201
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    • 2012
  • Seasonal variations in the profile and concentrations of essential oil in Zanthoxylum piperitum were investigated by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Seasonal changes in the percentages of the main constituents of the essential oil of both leaves and fruits from Z. piperitum varied. Variations in essential oil yield and the amount of monoterpenes and sesquiterpenes in leaves and fruits at different developmental stages were significant. The characteristic content of essential oil in leaves was determined mainly due to the content of monoterpenes, and that in fruits was determined largely due to the sesquiterpenes. Twenty-nine compounds in the oil from Z. piperitum leaves were detected; the major compounds were ${\beta}$-phellandrene (26.90%), citronella (15.32%), ${\beta}$-myrcene (3.24%), ${\alpha}$-pinene (2.79%), trans-caryophyllene (2.66%), and fanesyl acetate (2.30%). The highest yield of oil (43.89%) in Z. piperitum leaves was obtained in May but decreased gradually beginning in June. The yield of essential oil from Z. piperitum leaves during early periods was higher than that during later periods and usually decreased from early maturation stages to subsequent stages. However, in contrast to leaves, the oil yield in Z. piperitum fruit increased in June, and oil yield later in the season was higher than that earlier in the season. These results indicate that the essential oil produced from Z. piperitum leaves at the early developmental stages was stored in leaves, and might be transferred to fruit at the final developmental stages.

시공간적, 계절적 특성을 고려한 사면에서의 토양수분의 거동파악 (Movement Analyzing of Soil Moisture at a Hillslope Scale Considering Spatial-Temporal and Seasonal Characteristics)

  • 오경준;곽용석;김도훈;김상현;김현준;김남원
    • 한국수자원학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 한국수자원학회 2006년도 학술발표회 논문집
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    • pp.678-682
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    • 2006
  • In order to analyze movement of soil moisture, Time Domain Reflectometry(TDR) with multiplex system has been installed at the Bumreunsa hillslope of Sulmachun Watershed to configure spatial-temporal variation pattern considering seasonal characteristic. An intensive surveying was performed to build a refined digital elevation model(DEM) and flow determination algorithms with inverse surveying have been applied to establish an efficient soil moisture monitoring system. Soil moisture data were collected through an intensive and long term monitoring 380 hrs in November of 2003 and 1037 hrs in May and June of 2004. Soil moisture data shows corresponding variation characteristics of soil moisture on the up slope, buffer, main channel zones of the hillslope which were classified from terrain analysis. Inferences and limitations of measured soil moisture data were discussed in conjunction with flow characteristic through terrain analysis.

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Study on Characteristic of Asian Summer Monsoon by Satellite data and Re-analysis data

  • Lee, Sung-Ae;Sugimori, Yasuhiro;Suwa, Jun;Kim, Young-Seop
    • 대한원격탐사학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 대한원격탐사학회 1999년도 Proceedings of International Symposium on Remote Sensing
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    • pp.325-329
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    • 1999
  • The characteristic of East Asian summer monsoon is investigated using 8-year (March 1987-February 1995) - averaged monthly and 5-day mean 1 degree latitude-longitude gridded GMS high-cloud-amount data (HCA). An analysis of these data shows the convective zone (ITCZ) clouds which defined as the percentage of the total grid area covered by clouds with a cloud-top temperature below the 400 hPa-level climatological temperature. The HCA increased clearly over equatorial zone during December and January and 30-40 $^{\circ}$N during May and June. These HCA patterns are coincided with seasonal cycles of summer monsoon which is introduced in historical references. The relationship with the summer monsoon winds as climatological changing of wind direction is analyzed by ECMWF re-analysis 2.5-degree latitude-longitude grid surface data which is calculated with 8-year averaged from January 1987 to January 1995. In addition, the monsoon winds are showed by separated U, V-wind components far manifestation a tendency of onset and retreat data of seasonal monsoon.

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사시(四時)에 따른 처방(處方) 가가(加減)에 관한 고찰(考察) (A Study on Addition & Subtraction of Formula by Four Seasons)

  • 김진현;엄동명;김상균;김철;장현철;예상준;송미영
    • 대한한의학원전학회지
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    • 제22권3호
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    • pp.133-144
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    • 2009
  • Objective : We try to find out the literature and clinical evidences of seasonal formula through the analysis of the addition and subtraction of medical herbs in the formula according to the season. Method : In this study, we analyzed 122 seasonal prescriptions from "Dong-uibogam(東醫寶鑑)", "Bang-yakhappyeon(方藥合編)", "Jeongchijunsueng(證治準繩)", "Dangyesimbeop(丹溪心法)", "Uihakimmun(醫學入門)", "Uihakjeongjeon(醫學正傳)", "Gyeong-akjeonseo(景岳全書)" and "Taepyeonghyeminhwajegukbang(太平惠民和劑局方)". Results : In spring, pungent-warm herbs such as the dried rhizome of cnidium officinale Makino, the dried root of SEdebouriella divaricata (Turcz.) Schischk. are used. In summer, bitter-cold such as the dried root of Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi, the dried rhizome of Coptis chinensis Franch. or pungent herbs such as the dried aerial part of Elsholtzia splendens Nakai, the dried ripe seed of Dolichos lablab L. are added. In fall and winter, pungent-bitter-hot herbs such as the dried ripe fruit of Evodia rutaecarpa Benth., the dried rhirome of Zingiber officinale Rosc. are used. Conclusions : In this paper, we have shown that several medical herbs could be added and subtracted in the formula according to the season because they have the seasonal characteristic Gi or treat seasonal pathogens.

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농업용 저수지 관개 취약성 특성 곡선 산정 (Evaluation of Irrigation Vulnerability Characteristic Curves in Agricultural Reservoir)

  • 남원호;김태곤;최진용;김한중
    • 한국농공학회논문집
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    • 제54권6호
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    • pp.39-44
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    • 2012
  • Water supply capacity and operational capability in agricultural reservoirs are expressed differently in the limited storage due to seasonal and local variation of precipitation. Since agricultural water supply and demand basically assumes the uncertainty of hydrological phenomena, it is necessary to improve probabilistic approach for potential risk assessment of water supply capacity in reservoir for enhanced operational storage management. Here, it was introduced the irrigation vulnerability characteristic curves to represent the water supply capacity corresponding to probability distribution of the water demand from the paddy field and water supply in agricultural reservoir. Irrigation vulnerability probability was formulated using reliability analysis method based on water supply and demand probability distribution. The lower duration of irrigation vulnerability probability defined as the time period requiring intensive water management, and it will be considered to assessment tools as a risk mitigated water supply planning in decision making with a limited reservoir storage.