• Korean Journal of Materials Research
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• v.18 no.7
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• pp.379-383
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• 2008

We report on the light-emitting diode (LED) characteristics of core-shell CdSe/ZnS nanocrystal quantum dots (QDs) embedded in $TiO_2$thin films on a Si substrate. A simple p-n junction could be formed when nanocrystal QDs on a p-type Si substrate were embedded in ${\sim}5\;nm$ thick $TiO_2$ thin film, which is inherently an n-type semiconductor. The $TiO_2$ thin film was deposited over QDs at $200^{\circ}C$ using plasma-enhanced metallorganic chemical vapor deposition. The LED structure of $TiO_2$/QDs/Si showed typical p-n diode currentvoltage and electroluminescence characteristics. The colloidal core-shell CdSe/ZnS QDs were synthesized via pyrolysis in the range of $220-280^{\circ}C$. Pyrolysis conditions were optimized through systematic studies as functions of synthesis temperature, reaction time, and surfactant amount.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.17 no.7
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• pp.1000-1006
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• 2004

Selenium and vitamin E are micronutrients essential for normal health and maintenance in poultry. They are necessary in preventing free radical damage to phospholipid membranes, enzymes and other important molecules. Two experiments were conducted in a semi-commercial environment to examine the effect of Se source and vitamin E level in diet on broiler performance and meat quality. Increasing vitamin E from 50 IU to 100 IU did not affect growth performance of broilers although the 24 h drip-loss was tended to be reduced (p=0.06). There was an interaction between vitamin E and the source of Se in glutathione peroxidase activity (GSH-Px) and Se concentration in excreta. Increasing vitamin E from 50 IU to 100 IU elevated GSH-Px and Se concentration in excreta by 42 IU/g Hb and 0.9 ppm for the organic Se group, respectively, but reduced GSH-Px and Se concentration in excreta by 16 IU/g Hb and 1.3 ppm for inorganic group, respectively. Vitamin E played no role in the feather coverage of the birds when scored on day 37. Organic Se is more effective in improving feather score and 24 h drip-loss, with a markedly higher deposition rate in breast muscle and a lower excretion rate in the excreta (p<0.05) compared to the inorganic Se source. Both vitamin E and the source of Se did not affect (p>0.05) the energy utilisation by birds.

• Proceedings of the Materials Research Society of Korea Conference
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• 2005.05a
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• pp.80-80
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• 2005

• Korean Journal of Materials Research
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• v.4 no.8
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• pp.861-869
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• 1994

Chemical vapor deposition using titanium tetra isopropoxide(TTIP) was employed to investigate effects of process parameters on the uniformity of $TiO_{2}$this films deposited on Indium Tin Oxide (ITO)coated glass. Deposition experiments were carried out at temperatures ranging from $300^{\circ}C$ to $400^{\circ}C$ under the pressure of 0.5~2 torrin a cold wall reactor which can handle 200mm substrate. It was found that the growth rate of $TiO_{2}$was closely related to the reaction temperature and the ractant gas compositions. Apparent activation energy for the deposition rate was 62.7lkJ/mol in the absence of $O_{2}$ and 100.4kj/mol in the presence of $O_{2}$, respectively. Homogeneous reactions in the gas phase were promoted when the total pressure of the reactor was increased. Variance in the film thickness was less than a few percent, but at high deposition rates film thickness was less uniform. Effects of reaction temperature on $TiO_{2}$ thin film characteristic was investigated with SEM, XRD and AES.

• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
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• v.38 no.10
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• pp.1333-1339
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• 2014

As the demand for petroleum resources increases, and oilfields on lands and in shallow-sea become exhausted, the areas for oil production are expanding to the deep sea and therefore technologies for flow assurance are coming into the highlight. In low temperature environment such as the deep sea, wax is accumulated and prevents stable oil production. Therefore, the development of flow assurance technologies is required. Wax is precipitated in crystalline form when the oil temperature decreases below the wax appearance temperature; it then accumulates on the inner walls of pipelines causing blockages. In particular, in subsea pipelines, which have a large surface contact area with the surrounding seawater, wax deposition problems are frequent. The internal tubular coating can effectively reduce wax deposition without pausing oil production when the coating is appropriately designed. This study carried out wax deposition tests on a number of internal tubular coatings under single flow conditions. The results were analyzed for the effects that the physical properties of the coatings had on wax deposition.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 1997.07d
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• pp.1391-1392
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• 1997

The thin films of $\alpha$-Sexithiophene($\alpha$-6T) were deposited by Organic Molecular Beam Deposition(OMBD) technique. The $\alpha$-6T was synthesized and Purified by the sublimation method The thin films of the $\alpha$-6T were deposited under various deposition conditions. The effects of deposition rate substrate temperature, and vacuum pressure on the formation of these films have been studied. The molecular orientations of $\alpha$-6T films were investigated with the polarized electronic absorption spectroscopy. The molecules in the $\alpha$-6T film deposited at a low deposition rate under a high vacuum were almost aligned Perpendicular to the substrate. The film deposited at an elevated substrate temperature(${\sim}90^{\circ}C$) showed higher conductivity than deposited at room temperature.

• Journal of the Semiconductor & Display Technology
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.59-62
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• 2008

The Lifetime of OLEDs by ITO/glass substrates cleaning method and cathode deposition method were investigated in the fabrication of green light emitting OLEDs with $Alq_3$-C545T fluorescent system. In our experiments, the optimum cleaning method was obtained at last processing of boiling IPA(isopropyl alcohol). And the optimum deposition methode was obtained at 3 steps deposition rate of Al. The deposition rate of 3 steps progressed changing from $0.5\AA$/sec to $3\AA$/ sec. The green light emitting OLED with plasma treatment at 150W for 2 minutes showed the highest luminance and efficiency of 20000 cd/$m^2$ and 16 lm/W. On the contrary, the OLED device without plasma treatment showed much lower performance with the luminance and efficiency of 3500 cd/$m^2$ and 2 lm/W.

• 한국신재생에너지학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2007.06a
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• pp.257-260
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• 2007

In this study, $CuInSe_{2}$ (CISe) and $CuInZnSe_{2}$ (CIZSe) thin films were prepared on Corning 1737 glass by radio frequency (RF) magnetron sputtering from binary chalcogenide mixed powder targets. The targets were initially prepared by mixing appropriate weights of CuSe, InSe powder and various ZnSe contents. From the film bulk analysis result, it is observed that Zn concentration in the films increases proportionally with the addition of ZnSe in the sputtering targets. Under optimized conditions, CISe and CIZSe thin films grow as a chalcopyrite structure with strong (112), (220/204) and (312/116) reflections. Films are found to exhibit a high absorption coefficient of $10^{4}$ $cm^{-1}$. An increasing of optical band gap from 1.0 eV (CISe) to 1.25 eV (CIZSe) is found to be proportional with an increasing of Zn concentration as expected. All films have a p-type semiconductor characteristic with a carrier concentration in the order of 1014 $cm^{-3}$, a mobility about $10^{1}$ $cm^{2{\cdot}-1}{\cdot}s^{-1}$ and a resistivity at the range of $10^{2}-10^{6}$ W${\cdot}$m.

• Journal of Hydrogen and New Energy
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.130-135
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• 2005

Cadmium selenide is one of the group IIb-VI compounds, which is the promising semiconductor material due to its wide range of technological applications in optoelectronic devices such as photoelectrochemical cells, solid state solar cells, thin film photoconductors etc. CdSe has optical band gap of 1.7-1.8eV and proper conduction band edge for water splitting. CdSe films are coated with small thickness(20-50nm) nanocrystalline $TiO_2$ film by electrodeposition or chemical bath deposition methods and PEC properties of CdSe and CdSe/$TiO_2$ sandwich structure are studied. The photoactivity of CdSe and CdSe/$TiO_2$ films deposited on titanium substrate is studied in aqueous electrolyte of 1M NaOH solution. Photocurrent and photovoltage obtained were of the order of 2-4 mA/$cm^2$ and 0.5V, respectively, under the intensity of illumination of 100 mW/$cm^2$.

• Korean Journal of Materials Research
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• v.27 no.5
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• pp.255-262
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• 2017

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) can be produced by interactions between sunlight and light-absorbing substances in natural water environments and can completely destroy various organic pollutants in waste water. In this study, we used graphene oxide modified $Ag_2Se$ nanoparticles to enhance photochemically generated oxygen (PGO) species activity. Surface area and pore volumes of the $Ag_2Se-graphene$ ($Ag_2Se-G$) samples showed catastrophic decrease due to deposition of $Ag_2Se$. The generation of reactive oxygen species was detected through the oxidation reaction of DPCI to DPCO. The photocurrent density and the PGO effect increase in the case of the use of modified graphene. The PGO effect of the graphene modified with $Ag_2Se$ composites increased significantly due to a synergetic effect between graphene and the $Ag_2Se$ nanoparticles. The photocatalytic activity of sample was evaluated by measuring the degradation of organic pollutants such as methylene blue (MB) and industrial dyes such as Texbrite BA-L (TBA) under visible light.