• Title/Summary/Keyword: Se(-II)

Search Result 641, Processing Time 0.024 seconds

The effect of intracellular trafficking of CD1d on the formation of TCR repertoire of NKT cells

  • Shin, Jung Hoon;Park, Se-Ho
    • BMB Reports
    • /
    • v.47 no.5
    • /
    • pp.241-248
    • /
    • 2014
  • CD1 molecules belong to non-polymorphic MHC class I-like proteins and present lipid antigens to T cells. Five different CD1 genes (CD1a-e) have been identified and classified into two groups. Group 1 include CD1a-c and present pathogenic lipid antigens to ${\alpha}{\beta}$ T cells reminiscence of peptide antigen presentation by MHC-I molecules. CD1d is the only member of Group 2 and presents foreign and self lipid antigens to a specialized subset of ${\alpha}{\beta}$ T cells, NKT cells. NKT cells are involved in diverse immune responses through prompt and massive production of cytokines. CD1d-dependent NKT cells are categorized upon the usage of their T cell receptors. A major subtype of NKT cells (type I) is invariant NKT cells which utilize invariant $V{\alpha}14-J{\alpha}18$ TCR alpha chain in mouse. The remaining NKT cells (type II) utilize diverse TCR alpha chains. Engineered CD1d molecules with modified intracellular trafficking produce either type I or type II NKT cell-defects suggesting the lipid antigens for each subtypes of NKT cells are processed/generated in different intracellular compartments. Since the usage of TCR by a T cell is the result of antigen-driven selection, the intracellular metabolic pathways of lipid antigen are a key in forming the functional NKT cell repertoire.

A Study on Small Punch-Creep Test Using Finite Element Analysis II (유한요소해석을 이용한 소형펀치-크리프 시험에 관한 연구 (II) - SP-Creep 시험과 일축 크리프 시험의 상관성을 중심으로 -)

  • Lee, Song-In;Kwon, Il-Hyun;Kim, Yon-Jig;Ahn, Byung-Guk;Ahn, Haeng-Keun;Baek, Seung-Se;Yu, Hyo-Sun
    • Proceedings of the KSME Conference
    • /
    • 2001.11a
    • /
    • pp.111-116
    • /
    • 2001
  • Small punch-creep(SP-Creep) test technique has been applied for evaluating the creep characteristics for high temperature materials. However, in order to evaluate the damage and predict the remaining life, it is necessary to establish a quantitative correlation between SP-Creep and uniaxial-creep test results. This paper presents analytical and experimental results of useful correlation between SP-Creep and uniaxial-creep properties for 9Cr1MoVNb steel at $600{\sim}650^{\circ}C$ in terms of stress(load) and activation energy during creep deformation. Especially, the activation energy obtained from SP-Creep test is linearly related to that from uniaxial-creep test at $650^{\circ}C$ as follows: $Q_{sp-p}{\fallingdotseq}1.37\;Q_{TEN},\;Q_{sp-{\sigma}}{\fallingdotseq}1.53\;Q_{TEN}$.

  • PDF

Development of Automatic Packing System of One Station for Fasteners(II) : Packing System Manufacture and Performance Test (원 스테이션 파스너 자동포장기 개발(II) : 제작 및 성능검증)

  • Kim, Yong-Seok;Jeong, Chan-Se;Yang, Soon-Young
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Manufacturing Technology Engineers
    • /
    • v.20 no.5
    • /
    • pp.653-658
    • /
    • 2011
  • In general, the purpose of packaging fasteners is a series of management activities to maintain the condition at the time of production until they get delivered to the end user. An automatic packing system for fasteners is consisted of bucket conveyor, slide feeder, vision inspection system, box-magazine conveyor system and automatic packing machine. Also, the automatic packing machine is consisted of six modules including charging device, clamping/opening device, sealing/cutting device, feeding/air-shower device, supplying/adjusting device and device frame, etc. In this paper, we proposed an automatic packing mechanism of the one station concept for packing work of fastener objects where the continuous batch work is performed in a finite space. The proposed one-station packing mechanism has been optimized through mechanical, dynamical, structural and fluid analyses. And it had been manufactured as the prototype of automatic packing machine. The field test for validation of performance was performed directly at the production line of bolt and screw. In the field test, this packing machine showed an efficiency of about 4.5 times the manual operation. It also showed 30% reduction in the consumption of packing materials compared to the manual operation. This automatic packing machine for fastener objects will be commercialized soon.

An Electrochemical Evaluation on the Corrosion Resistance of Heavy Anticorrosive Paint(II) (중방식 도료의 내식성에 관한 전기 화학적 평가(II))

  • Sung, Ho-Jin;Kim, Jin-Kyung;Lee, Myung-Hoon;Kim, Ki-Joon;Moon, Kyung-Man
    • Proceedings of the Korean Society of Marine Engineers Conference
    • /
    • 2005.06a
    • /
    • pp.382-387
    • /
    • 2005
  • An electrochemical evaluation on the corrosion resistance for heavy anticorrosive paint was carried out for 5 kinds of heavy anticorrosive paints such as High solid epoxy(HE), Solvent epoxy(SE), Tar epoxy(TE), Phenol epoxy(PE), and Ceramic epoxy(CE) as parameters of DFT(Dry Film Thickness, 25${\mu}m$50${\mu}m$, solution condition(Flow of Nonflow). Corrosion current density of HE(DFT 50${\mu}m$ in case of flow condition was larger than that of nonflow condition. However, their values of the other anticorrosive paints were decreased compared to the nonflow condition. The values of AC impedance were increased with increasing of DFT regardless of kinds of anticorrosive paints. And the polarization resistance of cyclic voltammogram showed a good tendency to correspond with well the values of AC impedance measurement. HE and CE had a relatively good corrosion resistance than other heavy anticorrosive paint.

  • PDF

MOLECULAR BREEDING OF GLUTATHIONE PRODUCING BACTERIAL STRAINS

  • Nam Yong-Suk;Lee Se Yong
    • Proceedings of the Microbiological Society of Korea Conference
    • /
    • 1991.04a
    • /
    • pp.237-242
    • /
    • 1991
  • In order to increase the production of glutathione by maximizing the expression of recombinant gsh plasmids, two genes responsible for the biosynthesis of glutathione were cloned. A gshI gene was cloned onto pBR322 plasmid as 3.6Kb PstI DNA fragment from E. coli K-12 chromosomal DNA. Also gshII gene was cloned onto pUC13 plasmid as 2.2Kb PstI-BamHI DNA fragment. In order to improve the glutathione producing activity more efficiently, various recombinant plasmids containing tandem repeated gshI genes or both genes in various copy number onto the same vector were constructed. E. coli cells harboring pGH501 plasmid (pUC8-gshI$\cdot$I$\cdot$II) showed the highest glutathione synthesizing activity. The conditions for glutathione production with an ATP-generating system such as acetate kinase reaction of E. coli cells or glycolytic pathway of yeast cells were examined using the E. coli cells harboring the pGH501 plasmid. When the acetate kinase reaction of E. coli cells was used as an ATP generating system, 20mM of L-csteine was converted into glutathione with a yield of $100\%$.

  • PDF

A Case of Rhizomelic Chondrodysplasia Punctata Type I (Rhizomelic Chondrodysplasia Punctata I형 1례)

  • Kim, Dal Hyun;Kwon, Young Se;Jun, Yong Hoon;Hong, Young Jin;Son, Byoung Kwan;Yoon, Hye Ran
    • Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
    • /
    • v.45 no.12
    • /
    • pp.1585-1590
    • /
    • 2002
  • Rhizomelic chondrodysplasia punctata(RCDP) is a rare autosomal recessive disorder clinically characterized by symmetrical shortening of the proximal limbs, contractures of joints, a typical dysmorphic face, cataracts, and itchyosis. Patients with RCDP can be subdivided into three subgroups based on biochemical analysis and complementation studies. RCDP type I results from mutations in the PEX7 gene encoding the peroxisomal targeting signal type II(PST2) receptors and presents with both a defect in plasmalogen biosynthesis and phytanic acid oxidation. RCDP type II is deficient in the activity of dihydroxyacetonephosphate acyltransferase(DHAP-AT). RCDP type III is deficient in alkyl-dihydroxyacetonephosphate synthase(alkyl-DHAP). We report a case of RCDP type I which was confirmed with biochemical study, fibroblast culture, and gene study.

A Study on the Synthesis, Electronic Structure, and Electrochemical Behavior of Rare Earth Metal(III) Complexes (II) (희토류금속(III) 착물들의 합성과 전자적 구조와 전기화학적 거동에 관한 연구 (II))

  • Chil Nam Choe;Se Bong Kim;Nyon Yong Park
    • Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
    • /
    • v.37 no.10
    • /
    • pp.895-902
    • /
    • 1993
  • The chemical behavior of trivalent lanthanide ($Pr^{3+}\;and\;Dy^{3+}$) and organo ligands (phen' and terpy') complexes was investigated by the use of UV/vis-spectrophotometric, magnetization and electrochemical method. The magnitude of crystal field splitting energy, the pairing energy and spin state was obtained from the spectra of complexes. These complexes were founded to be diamagnetics, delocalization and low spin complexes. The electrochemical behavior of complexes was observed by the use of cyclic voltammetry in aprotic media. These reduction peaks were irreversible two step reduction processes by electron transfer.

  • PDF

Development of Consumer Education Program As Social Education Program II: Needs Analysis on Program Contents and Program Management (사회교육으로서의 소비자교육프로그램 개발 II: 프로그램내용 및 운용방법에 대한 요구도 분석)

  • Kim, Tae-En;Han, Ji-Sue;Yang, Se-Jeong
    • Journal of Family Resource Management and Policy Review
    • /
    • v.10 no.4
    • /
    • pp.1-26
    • /
    • 2006
  • The study was the second part of the research on development of consumer education program as social education program. The purpose of this study was to analyze needs fur program contents. Program contents had two parts: educational program contents and program managements. The data used contained 617 married women living in Seoul, Korea. Using SAS-PC program, Chi-square and Anova Analyses were executed. The results showed that married women had higher educational needs on housing purchase, tax avoidance, cancellation of contracts after purchase, consumer redress, etc. The differences in age, education, householder's occupation, and household income level resulted in the differences in educational needs for some specific educational items. They were likely to be educated at the highly accessible place such as women's center, community center, University extension service center, and consumer organization, etc. Also they preferred to be educated once a week fur a short time period like one to three months, and to have the lectures with discussion in the class. Some implications were mentioned for developing consumer education program as social education.

  • PDF

Microleakage at the cervical margin of Class II composite restorations with different intermediate layer treatments (치경부변연에서 중간층 수복이 구치부 2급 복합레진의 미세누출에 미치는 영향에 관한 연구)

  • Kim, Ki-Ok
    • Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
    • /
    • v.28 no.6
    • /
    • pp.467-474
    • /
    • 2003
  • 복합레진에 의한 구치부 2급 와동의 수복에서 치은부 변연이 법랑-백아 경계 하방에 위치하는 경우 복합레진의 중합 수축에 의한 응력은 변연부의 폐쇄능력을 저하시키고 이로인한 미세누출은 2차적인 우식이나 술후과민증을 일으켜 임상에서의 성공을 위협한다. 본 연구에서는 2급 와동에서 복합레진으로 수복하기 전에 치은 변연부를 중합수축에 의한 응력을 완화시킬 수 있는 것으로 알려진 몇가지 재료들을 중간층으로 먼저 충전한 후 충전용 복합레진으로 충전한 뒤 치은부 변연에서 이들 중간층과 치질 사이의 미세누출의 정도를 비교하였다. 20개의 발거된 구치의 근, 원심면에 각각 상자 모양의 2급 와동을 형성하고 40개의 와동을 무작위로 10개씩, 4개의군으로 나누었다. 1군은 중간층의 수복없이 Clearfil SE Bond과 Clearfil AP-X로 충전하였으며 2, 3 및 4군은 중간층으로 각각 Revolution, Dyract그리고 FujiII LG를 먼저 충전한 후 1군과 동일한 방법으로 복합레진을 충전하였다. 충전된 시편은 열순환후 2% methylene blue 용액에 12시간 침잠시킨 후 색소의 침투도를 stereomicroscope로 관찰하였으며 실험결과는 Kruskal-Wallis non-parametric independent analysis 및 Mann-Whitney U test로 통계분석하여 다음의 결론을 얻었다. 1. 레진강화형 글라스아이오노머를 중간층으로 먼저 수복하고 복합레진으로 충전한 경우에서 더 적은 미세누출을 보였다(p<0.05). 2. 유동성 레진과 콤포머를 중간층으로 수복한 경우와 복합레진만으로 수복한 경우는 미세누출에 있어서 유의한 차이를 나타내지 않았다(p>0.05).

Intracranial Metastases of Cervical Intramedullary Low-Grade Astrocytoma without Malignant Transformation in Adult

  • Jang, Se-Youn;Kong, Min-Ho;Song, Kwan-Young;Frazee, John G.
    • Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
    • /
    • v.45 no.6
    • /
    • pp.381-385
    • /
    • 2009
  • The first case of intracranial metastases of a cervical intramedullary low-grade astrocytoma without malignant transformation in adult is presented in this report. Seven years ago, a 45 year-old male patient underwent biopsy to confirm pathologic characteristics and received craniocervical radiation and chemotherapy for a grade II astrocytoma in the cervical spinal cord. Two years later, posterior fusion was necessary for progressive kyphosis in the cervical spine. He was well for approximately 7 years after the primary surgery. Two months ago, he presented with partial weakness and incoordination with gait difficulty. MRI Scan demonstrated multiple small lesions in the cerebellar vermis and left hemisphere. After suboccipital craniectomy and posterior cervical exposure, the small masses in the cerebellar vermis and hemispheres were excised to a large extent by guidance of an intraoperative navigation system. The tumor at the cervical and brain lesions was classified as an astrocytoma (WHO grade II). When a patient with low-grade astrocytoma in the spinal cord has new cranial symptoms after surgery, radiaton, and chemotherapy, the possibility of its metastasis should be suspected because it can spread to the intracranial cavity even without malignant transformation as shown in this case.