• Tribology and Lubricants
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.159-166
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• 2003

This research for replacement of chlorine or sulfur based EP(extreme pressure) -additives which is restricted materials by environmental regulation. The subject of this study is as follows, 4-ball test and friction coefficient test were experimented in accordance with temperature and velocity, compounding with several organic or inorganic metallic elements. After 4-ball test, wear area of steel ball was analysed by SEM-EDX. As the analysis, organic and inorganic elements make a effect for extreme pressure lubricity. It is shown that the friction coefficient of lubricant which includes chlorine or sulfur additives, the scoring phenomenon is found accord-ing to temperature and the scuffing phenomenon at 200$^{\circ}C$. Applying to Na, P, S, Zn, Ca based on inorganic and organic elements, the result showed that friction coefficient is decreased more and more, as increasing temperature of lubricant. The additive based on S, Cl, P elements is effect far extreme pressure in the sample#1 and Na, P, S, Zn, Ca in sample #2. These elements are environmental contaminants and S, Cl based on EP additives which are very popular in domestic industry, when they are properly composed with non-chlorine based on additives and Na, P, S, Zn, Ca organic or inorganic elements. It is showed that lubricity and excellent anti-wear properties.

• 한국윤활학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국윤활학회 2002년도 proceedings of the second asia international conference on tribology
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• pp.401-402
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• 2002

Diesel engines have many sliding parts with solid body contact. For example, a piston-ring and a cylinder bore, a valve and a valve-seat, a cam and a valve tappet. These parts have a severe wear problem. during engine life times. During these times, the valve tappet has abnormal wear such as scuffing and pitting due to a high hertzian contact stress between the cam and the tappet. Excessive wear problems frequently occur to both the cam and the tappet. To solve these problems, we developed an advanced wear resistant tappet. The developed tappet consisted of a hard-metal wear part and a steel body. To increase a bonding strength, those two parts, were directly bonded to each other. Also to decrease a bonding temperature, we developed the composition of Ni-binder materials in the hard metal. To estimate the wear characteristics of the newly developed tappet, we performed wear tests and engine dynamo tests in order to compare them with a conventional Fe-base tappet. As a result, the newly developed tappet has better wear characteristics than those of the conventional tappet. In addition, we performed a 100,000km field-test, and the newly developed tappet showed much improved wear resistance.

• 유체기계공업학회:학술대회논문집
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• 유체기계공업학회 2002년도 유체기계 연구개발 발표회 논문집
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• pp.221-226
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• 2002

One of the serious challenges in developing rotary compressor with HFC refrigerant is the prediction of scuffing times and wear amounts between vane and roller surfaces. In this study, the tribological characteristics of sliding surfaces using vane-roller geometry of rotary compressor were investigated. The sliding tests were carried out under various sliding speeds, normal loads and surface roughness. During the test friction force, wear depth, time to failure and surface temperature were monitored. Because severe wear was occurred on vane surface, TiN coating was applied on sliding surfaces to prolong the wear-life of vane-roller interfaces. From the sliding test it was found that there was the optimum initial surface roughness to break in and to prolong the wear life of sliding surfaces. Depending on the load and speed, the protective layers, which were composed of metallic oxide and organic compound, were formed on sliding surfaces. Those would play an important role in role amounts of friction and wear between miler and vane surfaces.

• 한국소음진동공학회논문집
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• 제24권8호
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• pp.643-650
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• 2014

Gear transmission system is widely applied in engineering. As the problem of contact fatigue, wear, lubrication failure etc, the condition of gear teeth contacts will be worse. The vibration and sound signals in the gear system will be affected by the some failures like scuffing, abrasive wear and spalling due to the deterioration of gear teeth surface. By studying the estimation of specific film thickness, measurement of reduction in tooth thickness, visual examination of wear mechanisms on the gear teeth and their effects on the statistical parameters of vibration and sound signals, the research obtained the satisfactory results on accessing the surface fatigue wear in a spur gear system. The paper utilizes the relationship between statistical parameters obtained from sound signals and Stribeck curve to confirm the hypothesis of dependency of surface fatigue wear, specific film thickness.

• Tribology and Lubricants
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• 제20권6호
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• pp.337-342
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• 2004

One of the serious challenges in developing rotary compressor with HFC refrigerant is the prediction of scuffing times and wear amounts between vane and roller surfaces. In this study, the tribological characteristics of sliding surfaces using vane-roller geometry of rotary compressor were investigated. The sliding tests were carried out under various sliding speeds, normal loads and surface roughness. During the test, friction force, wear depth, time to failure and surface temperature were monitored. Because severe wear occurred on vane surface, TiN coating was applied on sliding surfaces to prolong the wear life of vane-roller interfaces. From the sliding test it was found that there was the optimum initial surface roughness to break in and to prolong the wear life of sliding surfaces. Depending on the load and speed, the protective layers, which were composed of metallic oxide and organic compound, were formed on sliding surfaces. Those would play an important role in the amounts of friction and wear between roller and vane surfaces.

• 동력기계공학회지
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.16-22
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• 1999

The purpose of this study is to prevent the stick, scuffing, scratch between piston and cylinder, is to contribute the piston design such as piston profile, clearance by calculating reaction force by over-lap of piston skirt, as measuring the temperature distributions of cylinder wall. The experiment has been peformed to obtain data during actual engine operation. Temperature gradient in peripheral and axial distributions of cylinder wall according to torque and speed of engine were measured by use of an 800cc class gasoline engine. The results obtained are summarized as follows ; 1) The temperature of cylinder wall at TDC was about $50{\sim}75^{\circ}C$ higher than temperature of cooling water. 2) The rear side temperature of top dead center was $141^{\circ}C$(1/4 load) in axial distribution, whereas the rear side of midway position temperature was $98^{\circ}C$. 3) The temperature of cylinder wall increased in according to rising temperature of cooling water. 4) The thrust side temperature of cylinder wall was about $15^{\circ}C$ in all load test. 5) The rear side temperature of top dead center was $159^{\circ}C$ (1/2 load) in peripheral distribution, it was about $39^{\circ}C$ higher than thrust side temperature.

• 한국주조공학회지
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• 제24권6호
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• pp.323-330
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• 2004

This study aims to investigate on the effects of the microstructures on the wear characteristics of the different grey cast iron(GC) and spheroidal ductile cast iron(DCI). Wear test using wear tester of pin-on-disc type was carried out under the conditions of load 47.2N , velocity 0.2m/s, distance 4000m. At the GC, Wear rates depend on graphite type and oxide layer formed at wear surface. Weak rosette graphites are easily broken and formed wear debris over 30 ${\mu}m$. This wear debris occurs scuffing at wear surface. As a result of surface deformation, Narrow regions of the matrix between the graphite flakes and the contact surface lead to the failure of the necks. Wear rate for the DCI depended on hardness of matrix more than size of graphite.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제8권4호
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• pp.697-702
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• 2007

마찰 마모에 대한 트라이볼로지 특성은 표면 재질에 대하여 중대한 영향을 끼친다. 더욱이 자동차의 가혹한 운전조건하에서의 엔진오일의 경우 내스커핑성과 시져는 트라이볼로지 특성에 상당히 중요하다. 본 연구에서는 펠렉스 마찰 마모시험기를 이용 첨가제들을 자동차 엔진오일에 널리 쓰이는 윤활기유에 첨가하여 트라이볼로지 특성을 연구하였다. 연구결과 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. 엔진오일에 표면거칠기의 특성을 가진 인산염(Phosphate)을 첨가하면 낮은 온도에서 우수하고, ZnDTP와 Ca-phenate를 첨가했을 때 높은 하중에서 내마모성, 극압성이 월등히 뛰어나며, ZnDTP와 P를 첨가했을 때는 높은 온도에서도 안정적으로 온도특성 또한 우수하였다.

• Tribology and Lubricants
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.56-60
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• 2009

A journal bearing is used in a hydrodynamic lubrication state, but it becomes a boundary lubrication state that asperity of a contact part touch each other when pressure is too high and an enough oil film is not formed by viscosity change due to lubricating oil temperature. At this time, abrasion due to contact between a journal and a bearing is unavoidable, and scuffing damage that the journal adheres to the bearing occurs if the process is repeated. Damage of the journal bearing is an important problem because it gives huge damage to a machine and can generate large accidents such as economic loss and human life damage. In this study, method for using the pull-up resistor concept was introduced as the monitoring technology. This monitoring system is important to enhance reliability of the engine.

• 비파괴검사학회지
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• 제26권1호
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• pp.7-11
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• 2006

기계부품의 세라믹 코팅 층은 사용 중 그 표면특성이 변하므로 잔류수명 예측과 신뢰성 확보를 위해 비파괴적으로 세라믹 코팅 층의 특성을 평가하는 것은 매우 중요하다. 이를 위해 본 인구는 AISI 1045 강과 오스테나이트 스테인리스 304 강 모재위에 매우 얇은 TiN 세라믹 층을 코팅한 시편에 내하여 누설 레일리(Rayleigh) 표면파를 이용한 TiN 코팅부재의 특성평가를 시도하였다. 후방복사 측정기법으로 코팅 층 내의 표면파의 전파특성이 평가되었고 표면 거칠기, 코팅 층 두께, 마모조긴 둥이 다양한 시편들에 대해 후방복사 프로파일이 측정되었다. 후방복사 프로파일의 정점각과 크기는 시편의 조건들에 따라 민감하게 변하였고, 정점각의 증가는 코팅 층 접합 강도의 저하로 설명되었다. 결과들은 후방복사 기법을 이용한 표면파의 분산성 평가가 코팅 층의 특성 평가에 매우 유용함을 보여주었다.