• Animal cells and systems
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.241-243
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• 2008

A new species of the genus Biemna(Demospongiae: Poecilosclerida: Desmacellidae), Biemna hongdoensis n. sp. was collected from Hongdo Island, Korea by SCUBA diving in 2004. B. hongdoensis n. sp. is closely related to B. megalosigma Hentshel, 1912 in their spicules, but the styles and sigmas of new species are larger than B. megalosigma's and microxeas and raphides of new species are smaller than B. megalosigma's. Also, new species has not spheres. The stubby conulose are distributed throughout the surface of new species.

• Animal Systematics, Evolution and Diversity
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.291-294
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• 2009

A asteroid species, Pentaceraster regulus (M$\ddot{u}$ller and Troschel, 1842), was collected by SCUBA diving in Seogwipo, Jejudo Island on August 2008, and reported herein as new to Korea. Diagnostic description and digital images of the species were provided.

• Animal Systematics, Evolution and Diversity
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.255-259
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• 2009

The sessile ctenophores, Lyrocteis imperatoris Komai, 1941 were collected for the first time from Garinyeo, offshore Seogwipo of Jejudo Island by SCUBA diving on June 18, 2009. This species distributed in West North Pacific was newly recorded in Korean waters. Its embryos in various developmental stages were observed in the internal brood chamber.

• Animal Systematics, Evolution and Diversity
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.81-85
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• 2009

Some hydroid specimens were collected from 10-14 m deep of Munseom (Jejudo Is.) on 22 June 2007, and from 20-25 m deep of Nagokkkottdongsan (Uljin) on 10 Jan. 2008 by SCUBA diving. Among the identified species, the following three species, Solanderia spinosa (Carter, 1892), Lafoea dumosa (Fleming, 1828) and Rhizocaulus verticillatus (Linnaeus, 1758) were turned out to be new to the Korean fauna.

• Ocean and Polar Research
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.225-236
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• 2006

Seagrass meadows are considered as critical habitats for a wide variety of marine organisms in coastal and estuarine ecosystems. In many cases, studies on the spatial/temporal distribution of seagrass have depended on direct observations using SCUBA diving. As an alternative method fur studying seagrass distribution, an application of hydroacoustic technique has been assessed for mapping seagrass distribution in Dongdae Bay, on the south coast of Korea, in September 2005. Data were collected using high frequency transducer (420 kHz split-beam), which was installed with towed body system. The system was linked to DGPS to make goo-referenced data. Additionally, in situ seagrass distribution has been observed using underwater cameras and SCUBA diving at four stations in order to compare with acoustic data. Acoustic survey was conducted along 23 transects with 3-4 blot ship speed. Seagrass beds were vertically limited to depths less than 3.5m and seagrass height ranged between 55 and 90cm at the study sites. Dense seagmss beds were mainly found at the entrance of the bay and at a flat area around the center of the bay. Although the study area was a relatively small, the vertical and spatial distributions of the seagrass were highly variable with bathymetry and region. Considering dominant species, Zostera marina L., preliminary estimation of seagrass biomass with acoustic and direct sampling data was approximately $56.55g/m^2$, and total biomass of 104 tones (coefficient variation: 25.77%) was estimated at the study area. Hydroacoustic method provided valuable information to understand distribution pattern and to estimate seagrass biomass.

• Journal of Fisheries and Marine Sciences Education
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.1159-1170
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• 2016

This study examines the distribution and taxonomy of sea horses in South Korea, specifically sea horses that were caught in the Southern Sea, centering on Yeosu, South Korea. Specimen collection methods The samples were collected by set net, skimming nets, dragnets, and landing nets on a boat, as well as scuba diving. A total of 128 sea horses belonging to three species were collected. To investigate the exact distribution pattern, the catch per unit effort and the population density per $1,000m^2$ were calculated for each site in the Southern Sea. The result shows the highest catch by set nets was 29 sea horses a day in Site B at Dolsan-eup, Port Impo, and the highest catch by scuba diving was 8 sea horses a day in Site B at Gijang-gun, Busan. The highest population density was 61.2 sea horses in the coast of Gijang-gun, Busan. Genetic information analysis and morphological analysis were performed for determination of species. As a result, four Hippocampus trimaculatus, (flat-faced sea horses), 45 Hippocampus coronatus (Crowned sea horses), and 79 Hippocampus mohnikei (Japanese sea horses) were distinguished.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.52 no.5
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• pp.534-538
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• 2019

The distribution and characteristics of spawning beds of the Pacific herring Clupea pallasii, were observed by scuba diving in Jinhae Bay, Korea, with a focus on marine vegetation as adhesive substrates and egg density during the spawning season. In 2017, the fertilized eggs of C. pallasii were mainly found attached to the leaves of algae species Carpopeltis cornea, Gracilaria textorii, and Acrosrium polyneurum at the rocky shore in Wonpo-dong and Jeodo. The mean density of fertilized eggs in C. pallasii spawning beds was $153,776eggs/m^2$ off Wonpo-dong and $856,430eggs/m^2$ off Jeodo, giving an estimated total of $5.345{\times}10^9$ eggs in Wonpo-dong and $3.3074{\times}10^{10}$ eggs in Jeodo. We examined spawning beds with an area of $38,619m^2$ off Wonpo-dong and $34,760m^2$ off Jeodo. The choice of spawning bed may be affected by the composition of marine vegetation, such as the algal diversity of rocky shore environments, which could affect adhesive substrates and egg density during the spawning season. The results of the present study suggest that the spawning season of C. pallasii in Jinhae Bay is in January to mid-February.

• Animal Systematics, Evolution and Diversity
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.155-159
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• 2004

A new species of the genus Jaspis (Demospongiae: Astrophorida: Ancorinidae), Jaspis coreana n. sp., is described on the specimen collected from Geomundo Island, Korea during September 1995 to March 2002 by SCUBA diving. This new species is characterized by two sponges association which is completely covered with Poecilastra wondoensis except for oscules. This new species is similar to J. wondoensis in its spicules type, but different in their spicules size, form of oscules and sponge colour. J. coreana has a large oxyasters and longer megascleres than J. wondoensis, oscule cluster and golden yellow colour in life.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.32 no.1
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• pp.1-4
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• 1999

A maldanid polychaete, Axiothella quadrimaculata Augener, 1914, is newly recorded in Korean fauna. Genus Axiothella is found for the first time in Korean waters. The specimen was collected in the Eisenia bicyclis bed by SCUBA diving. The species is described with figures and the key to genera was revised. Including this Axiothella quadrimaculata, a total of 18 species representing 13 genera are known to the Korean Maldanid polychaetes.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.31 no.1 s.60
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• pp.139-156
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• 1998

Diving related disease including decompression sickness is an important occupational health problem and diving fishermen remain a fairly hazardous occupation in Korea. To prevent diving related disease, we investigate diving patterns, incidence of diving related diseases, and contributing factors of 433 diving fishermen of three coast interviewing and mailing questionnaire in 1996. Mean age of divers was 39.7 years, ranged from 24 to 58 years, 92.8% of these were male, and 58.4% of divers were high school graduates. Mean duration of work as a diver was 12.9 years, ranged from 2 to 40 years. It was found that 70.4% of divers were using hookah system, 22.2% of helmet, and only 2.5% SCUBA. About half of them have learned diving skills from other divers. The peak season of diving was from April to June and mean working days were 20.3 days per month during the peak season. On the average, the divers dived 5-6 times, ranged from 1 to 10 times a day with 51.1 minutes of diving time, ranged from 20 to 120 minutes, at 30 m or 40 m in depth, and 35.5 minute of interval on surface. Most divers ascended slowly making decompression stop, yet the decompression profile used was not based on any scientific knowledge except for their own experiences. It appeared that each diving system had slightly different diving patterns. There were 282(65.0%) divers that suffered from DCS in 1995 and 31.2% of divers were given recompression therapy at a medical facility since they worked as diving fishermen. Skin and musculoskeletal complaints were common symptoms of DCS and 39% of divers experienced a voiding difficulty. In univariate analysis, females have an increased frequency of DCS(93% vs 66% for males). Old age, long duration of work, helmet diving, diving time, diving depth, repetitive diving, and blow up were all contributing factors to DCS. It was found that most diving patterns exceed no decompression limit and did not use the standard decompression table. This suggests that most of divers are at high risk of developing diving related disease with prolonged dives and lengthy repetitive diving in deep depth. Considering the diving patterns and economic aspect of professional diving, the incidence of DCS among diving fishermen in Korea will not decrease in the near future. These findings suggest that periodical health surveillance for divers, and education of health and safety are important for reducing the risk of diving related disease in the population of diving fishermen.