• Korean Journal of Environmental Biology
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• v.34 no.2
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• pp.107-115
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• 2016

Currently, there are 442 operating nuclear power plants in the world, and 62 more are under construction. According to this reasoning, the treatment of radioactive waste is important to prevent the environmental ecosystem including humans, animals, and plants. Especially, a leakage of radioactive waste causes not only regional problem but also serious global one. In this study, we demonstrate the effect of radioisotopes (e.g., cesium, strontium, and cobalt) on a 3D culture cell. To develop the 3D cell culture system, we used a 96-well-culture plate with biocompatible agarose hydrogel. Using this method, we can perform the 3D cell culture system with three different cell lines such as HeLa, HepG2, and COS-7. In addition, we conducted a cell viability test in the presence of radioisotopes. Interestingly, the 3D morphological cells showed 42% higher cell viability than those on the 2D against cesium. This result indicates that the 3D platform provides cells morphological and physiological characteristic similar to in vivo grown tissues. Moreover, it overcomes the limitation of conventional cell culture system that can't reflect in vivo systems. Finally, we believe that the proposed approach can be applied a new strategy for simple high-throughput screening and accurate evaluation of metal toxicity assay.

• Research in Plant Disease
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.41-47
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• 2010

A total of 10,753 oligotrophic bacteria were isolated from the cultivated soils of red-pepper infected by Phytophthora blight disease in various regions of Korea (Chungju, Anmyon, Taean, Andong, Eumsung and Goesan). Seven bacteria isolates among these collected resources were selected by the first screening of in vitro antagonistic assay against major several plant pathogenic fungi including Phytophthora capsici. Finally, strain 7F was selected by pot assay for a possible biological control agent against Phytophthora blight disease of pepper seedling in the greenhouse. Strain 7F was identified as Bacillus subtilis on the basis of its 16S rDNA sequence analysis and as standardized biochemical characteristics assay kits such as API20 NE. In the experiment of P. capsici zoospore infected red-pepper on the pot test, infection rate of red-pepper with nonetreatment to Phytophthora blight disease was 87%, while the rate was only 6% in the pot treated with strain 7F. This result indicated that the Bacillus subtilis strain 7F will be useful as a potential biocontrol agent for Phytophthora blight disease of red-pepper.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.19 no.1 s.19
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• pp.45-55
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• 1986

It is well known that Korea is one of the endemic area for type B viral hepatitis. A screening test for HBsAg by RPHA method was performed to evaluate the prevalence of HBsAg among urban, rural and coastal area population during the period between Jan. 1985 and Aug. 1985. The results obtained are as follows; 1) The HBsAg was detected in 242 among 2,849 with positive rate of 8.49%. The positive rate by sex showed higher rate in males(9.07%) than females(6.79%) for HBsAg. But these differences by sen were not statistically significant. 2) By living area, the positivity of HBsAg was 8.67% in urban, 7.43% in rural and 8.37% in coastal area. But the differences were not statistically significant. 3) The positivity differences of HBsAg were significantly observed between male(9.26%) and female(6.44%) in urban area. But there was not in rural and coastal area. 4) The positivity was the highest in 4th decade in urban area. But 6th decade in rural and 4th and 5th decade in coastal area. Generally the positivity of HBsAg was more prevalent in young age and decreasing by the age increasing in the male. But in the female it was most common in 6th decade. 5) Elevated SGOT(>40 Unit) was significantly higher in HBsAg positive group(13.6%) than in HBsAg negative group(3.4%).

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.41 no.5
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• pp.362-368
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• 2008

In order to isolate novel oligotrophic bacteria exhibiting antifungal activities, soils were collected from pepper-cultivated fields of Yeongyang, Jecheon, Nonsan, Eumsong and Goesan area in Korea. From soils in pepper cultivated area, a total of 9,354 strains were isolated as oligotrophic bacteria by the R2A dilution method. Among 9,354 oligotrohic bacteria candidates, 1A strain was selected by screening against Phytophthora capsici causing phytophthora blight of hot pepper in the greenhouse and field. The strain was identified as Bacillus vallismortis based on its 16S rDNA sequence and key characteristics as compared with those of authentic cultures of B. vallismortis(KACC 12149) and B. mojavensis(KACC 12096). The strain showed broad spectrum of antibiotic activity in vitro test, as revealed in its strong inhibitory activity to the genera Phytophthora, Collectotrichum, Botrytis and Fusarium, but not to Rhizoctonia and Magnaporthe. In pot experiments, infection rate of hot pepper in the non-treated pots was about 89%, while it was only 29% in the pots treated with 1A strain. The result indicated B. vallismortis 1A is a potential biocontrol agent for phytophthora blight of hot pepper

• Journal of Science and Technology Studies
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.177-217
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• 2018

This study examines the case of living lab applied in the R&D initiatives for solving societal problems and challenges. It discusses how to use the living lab in national R&D projects. The analyzed cases are 'Develop portable fundus camera for eye disease screening test to resolve health inequalities' and 'Auto-sensing integrated system development in rural pedestrian crosswalk'. As a result of the analysis, both cases were designed as a user participatory R&D structure by utilizing living lab. In other words, living lab has operated as a system that evolves technology-products-services into an infrastructure. It can realize final demand specification, product, service improvement and demonstration through continuous interaction of end users. As a result of the case analysis, the following policy tasks can be derived. First, living lab is a new concept and it is in the early stage of implementation in Korea. Therefore, it is necessary to monitor and evaluate living lab experiments and build suitable models for Korean society by sharing cases and achievements. Second, the strategic niche management are necessary for the introduction of living lab. Third, living lab can be used as a tool to transform the existing technology acquisition centered innovation policy to the policy for customer needs and problem solving. Fourth, there is a need for flexibility and adaptability in strategy and system to correct errors that appear in the living lab processes.

• Journal of agricultural medicine and community health
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.61-69
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• 1991

Serodiagnosis of Clonorchis sinensis infections will probably be a first choice tool for screening of clonorchiasis in a future because of increasing difficulties in collection and examination of stools. The sensitive test such as ELISA can he used effectively. However there are some limitations in serological diagnosis for the detection of serum antibody. One of the major problems is the non-specificity of the antigens which produce cross reaction with other helminthic infection sera. To solve this problem. many investigators have tried to purify the antigens used. In this study, we determined the antigenic profile of the crude saline extract antigen of C. sinensis at early developmental stage based on SDS-PAGE and immunoblotting techniques for the purpose of understanding the nature of C. sinensis worm antigen The following results were obtained : 1) The SDS-PAGE showed many protein hands ranging from 10Kd to 91Kd relative molecular weight. Among them, 66, 46, 40, 33, 27, 24, 16, 14 and 10Kd bands were observed as a principle bands. The protein components of C. sinensis changed chronologically during their early developmental period. 44Kd band was stained unclearly in antigen of 2 weeks worm, but changed to concentrated state in antigen of 5 weeks worm. 35Kd band was found in antigen of 2 weeks worm, however this band was disappeared in antigen of 5 weeks worm. 22Kd band also lost its staining property gradually. 2) In spite of differences in antigenic profile, there was no differences in the data obtained by microplate ELISA using each antigen preparation. Absorbance value began to rise in between 2 to 3 weeks after infection. 3) By EITB. serum antibody recognized major protein bands with molecular weight of 91, 85, 63, 46, 40, 33, 24, 14 and 10Kd hand respectively. Among them 66, 33, 17 and 14Kd bands were observed as non-specific band because they reacted even in normal control sera. Generally, gradual increase of positive reactions were observed as the infection period of C. sinensis was prolonged. In other hand, the reaction of 10Kd hand did not occurred when 26th week sera was tested. 4) The positive reactions using antigens of 2 weeks worm, especially on 40 and 24Kd bands, were most strong and sharply demarcated compared to those of 3~5 weeks worm antigen.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Sensory Integration
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.31-41
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• 2015

Objective : Purpose of this study is to develop a Sensory Processing Scale for Children (SPS-C) to screen sensory processing problems for children aged 3 to 5, and examine validity of the assessment. Method : A draft version of Sensory Processing Scale for Children (SPS-C) has been developed and it was utilized to 138 caregivers of children who are 3 to 5 years old. Rasch analysis was used to test construct validity of SPS-C. Through the Rasch analysis, unidimensionality and adequacy of the rating scale were examined. Results : Based on the Rasch analysis, it was found that six items out of 56 items (10.7%) are misfits. And the results also showed that 3-points rating scale is more adequate than 5-points scale for SPC-C. Conclusion : The construct validity of a newly developed assessment, Sensory Processing Scale for Children (SPS-C), was established through this study. Further studies are needed to examine other psychometric properties of the assessment, using the one modified based on the results in this study.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.16 no.13
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• pp.5525-5529
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• 2015

Background: Currently it is believed that human papillomaviruses (HPV) are associated with the development of some oral/oropharyngeal cancers. It has been suggested that these viruses influence carcinogenesis in both smokers and non-smokers. Data on the prevalence of HPV in healthy adults are thus needed to estimate the risk of oral/oropharyngeal cancer. The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of oral HPV in healthy female adults in Indonesia and Thailand. Materials and Methods: Healthy female students from the Faculties of Dentistry of Universitas Indonesia and Chiang Mai University were asked to participate in this pilot study. DNA was extracted from saliva specimens and screened for HPV16 and HPV18 using PCR. Results: The age, marital status and sexual experience of the subjects between the two countries were not significantly different. Eight (4%) and 4 (2%) samples were positive for HPV16 and HPV18, respectively. Fisher's Exact test found a significant difference between HPV16 positivity in subjects who were married and had sexual intercourse but not for HPV18. Conclusions: This study successfully detected presence of HPV16 and HPV18 DNA in a number of saliva samples from female dental school students. Marital status, experience of sexual intercourse and safe sexual practice are related to the possibility of finding HPV DNA finding in saliva. Dentists, physicians and other health care professionals may gain significant value from the findings of this study, which provide an understanding of the nature of HPV infection and its risk to patient health and disease.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.15 no.7
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• pp.3233-3238
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• 2014

Background: The aim of this study was to analyze the demographic and clinical characteristics of male breast cancer patients in Serbia, and furthermore to determine overall survival and predictive factors for prognosis. Materials and Methods: In the period of 1996-2006 histopathological diagnosis of breast cancer was made in 84 males at the Institute for Oncology and Radiology of Serbia. For statistical analyses the Kaplan-Meier method, long-rank test and Cox proportional hazards regression model were used. Results: The mean age at diagnosis with breast cancer was $64.3{\pm}10.5$ years with a range from 35-84 years. Nearly 80% of the tumors showed ductal histology. About 44% had early tumor stages (I and II) whereas 46.4% and 9.5% of the male exhibitied stages III and IV, respectively. Only 7.1% of male patients were grade one. One-fifth of all patients had tumors measuring ${\leq}2cm$, and 14.3% larger than 5 cm. Lymph node metastasis was recorded in 40.4% patients and 47% relapse. Estrogen and progesterone receptor expression was positive in 66.7% and 58.3%, respectively. Among 14.3% of individuals tumor was HER2 positive. About two-thirds of all male patients had radical mastectomy (66.7%). Adjuvant hormonal (tamoxifene), systematic chemotherapy (CMF or FAC) and adjuvant radiotherapy were given to 59.5%, 35.7% and 29.8% patients respectively. Overall survival rates at five and ten years for male breast cancer were 55.0% and 43.9%, respectively. According to the multivariate Cox regression predictive model, a lower initial disease stage, a lower tumor grade, application of adjuvant hormone therapy and no relapse occurrence were significant independent predictors for good overall survival. Conclusions: Results of the treatment would be better if disease is discovered earlier and therefore health education and screening are an imperative in solving this problem.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.143-150
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• 1998

The aim of this study was to evaluate domestic enzyme immunoassay(EIA) kit 'LG RCD 3.0' (LG) for the detection of antibody to hepatitis C virus(anti-HCV) in comparision with Axsym HCV version 3.0(Axsym), Cobas Core anti-HCV EIA(Cobas). Cobas kit shows better clear distinction between positive and negative by signal/cutoff ratio(S/C), but it also reveal relatively high false positive rate. The concordance rate of test results between LG and Axsym was 96.2%, between LG and Cobas was 95.5%, and total agreement between three EIA kit was 93.9%. LG were relative poor distinction between positive and negative results, but it could be applied clinically as a screening tool for hepatitis C in general population. The SIC of one false negative result by LG was 0.91, and false positive were less than 4.0, therefore we concluded it is necessary to confirm by immunoblotting assay when SIC were between 0.8 and 4.0.