• Korean Journal of Psychosomatic Medicine
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.43-49
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• 2023

In Korea, the dependence on living donations is high due to the shortage of organs available for donation compared to the number of people waiting for transplants and the number of living organ donations continues to increase. In particular, the number of living-donor transplantations is high worldwide, highlighting the importance of pre-transplant psychosocial evaluation of living kidney donors. According to previous studies, when evaluating living organ donors before transplantation, it is crucial to determine whether the donor can give informed consent and be aware of the risks after surgery. Pre-transplant evaluation tests such as ELPAT living organ donor Psychological Assessment Tool (EPAT), Live Donor Assessment Tool (LDAT), Living Donation Expectancies Questionnaire (LDEQ), Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-2 questionnaire (MMPI-2) and Temperament and Character Inventory (TCI) are conducted for donors. After reviewing the literature on these pre-transplant psychosocial assessment tools, we will also look at legal considerations for living kidney donors in Korea and suggest an effective and essential pre-transplant screening evaluation method for living kidney transplant donors.

• Korean Journal of Radiology
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.131-138
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• 2021

Objective: Iterative reconstruction degrades image quality. Thus, further advances in image reconstruction are necessary to overcome some limitations of this technique in low-dose computed tomography (LDCT) scan of the chest. Deep-learning image reconstruction (DLIR) is a new method used to reduce dose while maintaining image quality. The purposes of this study was to evaluate image quality and noise of LDCT scan images reconstructed with DLIR and compare with those of images reconstructed with the adaptive statistical iterative reconstruction-Veo at a level of 30% (ASiR-V 30%). Materials and Methods: This retrospective study included 58 patients who underwent LDCT scan for lung cancer screening. Datasets were reconstructed with ASiR-V 30% and DLIR at medium and high levels (DLIR-M and DLIR-H, respectively). The objective image signal and noise, which represented mean attenuation value and standard deviation in Hounsfield units for the lungs, mediastinum, liver, and background air, and subjective image contrast, image noise, and conspicuity of structures were evaluated. The differences between CT scan images subjected to ASiR-V 30%, DLIR-M, and DLIR-H were evaluated. Results: Based on the objective analysis, the image signals did not significantly differ among ASiR-V 30%, DLIR-M, and DLIR-H (p = 0.949, 0.737, 0.366, and 0.358 in the lungs, mediastinum, liver, and background air, respectively). However, the noise was significantly lower in DLIR-M and DLIR-H than in ASiR-V 30% (all p < 0.001). DLIR had higher signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) than ASiR-V 30% (p = 0.027, < 0.001, and < 0.001 in the SNR of the lungs, mediastinum, and liver, respectively; all p < 0.001 in the CNR). According to the subjective analysis, DLIR had higher image contrast and lower image noise than ASiR-V 30% (all p < 0.001). DLIR was superior to ASiR-V 30% in identifying the pulmonary arteries and veins, trachea and bronchi, lymph nodes, and pleura and pericardium (all p < 0.001). Conclusion: DLIR significantly reduced the image noise in chest LDCT scan images compared with ASiR-V 30% while maintaining superior image quality.

• Research in Plant Disease
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.124-130
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• 2024

Leaf blight caused by Stemphylium vesicarium is one of the most important fungal diseases of garlic (Allium sativum L.) worldwide, which results in a reduction of quality and yield. The breeding of resistant cultivars is an efficient approach to decrease the use of chemical fungicides and minimize crop losses. In this study, to find the resistant garlic resources against S. vesicarium, we evaluated the resistance degree of 20 garlic germplasms. To do this, garlic seedlings at four-leaf stage were rubbed with nonabsorbent cotton and then inoculated with spore suspension (3.0×10⁵ spores/ml of potato dextrose broth) of S. vesicarium by spray method. Three to seven days after inoculation, the infected leaf area (%) of garlic seedling was measured. 'Daeseo' and 'Namdo' were included as susceptible and resistant control cultivars, respectively. After 3 to 7 days of incubation, the infected leaf area (%) of garlic seedling was measured. Our results showed that IT245512, IT245528, and IT244068 lines exhibited the highest resistance against S. vesicarium, whereas IT257134 and IT253043 lines were more susceptible than the susceptible cultivar 'Daeseo'. Based on the results, the resistant genetic resources selected in this study can be used a basic material for resistant garlic breeding system against leaf blight.

• Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.158-167
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• 2024

Purpose: To evaluate the prevalence of vertebral fracture (VF) in children with chronic liver disease (CLD) with and without liver transplantation (LT) and to determine the associated factors. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted. Patients aged 3-21 years with CLD both before and after LT were enrolled in the study. Lateral thoracolumbar spine radiographs were obtained and assessed for VF using Mäkitie's method. Clinical and biochemical data were collected. Results: We enrolled 147 patients (80 females; median age 8.8 years [interquartile range 6.0-11.8]; 110 [74.8%] in the LT group and 37 [25.2%] in the non-LT group). VF was identified in 21 patients (14.3%): 17/110 (15.5%) in the LT group and 4/37 (10.8%) in the non-LT group (p=0.54). Back pain was noted in only three patients with VF. In the univariate analysis, a height z-score below -2.0 (p=0.010), pre-LT hepatopulmonary syndrome (p=0.014), elevated serum direct and total bilirubin levels (p=0.037 and p=0.049, respectively), and vitamin D deficiency at 1-year post-LT (p=0.048) were associated with VF in the LT group. In multivariate analysis, height z-score below -2.0 was the only significant associated factor (odds ratio, 5.94; 95% confidence interval, 1.49-23.76; p=0.012) for VF. All VFs in the non-LT group were reported in males. Conclusion: In children with CLD, VF is common before and after LT. Most patients with VF are asymptomatic. Screening for VF should be considered in patients with a height z-score below -2.0 after LT.

• Journal of Pharmacopuncture
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.1-13
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• 2024

Background: Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is one of the major complications of chronic hyperglycaemia affecting normal kidney functioning. The ayurvedic medicine curcumin (CUR) is pharmaceutically accepted for its vast biological effects. Objectives: The Curcuma-derived diferuloylmethane compound CUR, loaded on Poly (lactide-co-glycolic) acid (PLGA) nanoparticles was utilized to combat DN-induced renal apoptosis by selectively targeting and modulating Bcl2. Methods: Upon in silico molecular docking and screening study CUR was selected as the core phytocompound for nanoparticle formulation. PLGA-nano-encapsulated-curcumin (NCUR) were synthesized following standard solvent displacement method. The NCUR were characterized for shape, size and other physico-chemical properties by Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM), Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS) and Fourier-Transform Infrared (FTIR) Spectroscopy studies. For in vivo validation of nephro-protective effects, Mus musculus were pre-treated with CUR at a dose of 50 mg/kg b.w. and NCUR at a dose of 25 mg/kg b.w. (dose 1), 12.5 mg/kg b.w (dose 2) followed by alloxan administration (100 mg/kg b.w) and serum glucose levels, histopathology and immunofluorescence study were conducted. Results: The in silico study revealed a strong affinity of CUR towards Bcl2 (dock score -10.94 Kcal/mol). The synthesized NCUR were of even shape, devoid of cracks and holes with mean size of ~80 nm having -7.53 mV zeta potential. Dose 1 efficiently improved serum glucose levels, tissue-specific expression of Bcl2 and reduced glomerular space and glomerular sclerosis in comparison to hyperglycaemic group. Conclusion: This study essentially validates the potential of NCUR to inhibit DN by reducing blood glucose level and mitigating glomerular apoptosis by selectively promoting Bcl2 protein expression in kidney tissue.

• Resources Recycling
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• v.33 no.3
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• pp.48-56
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• 2024

In this study, physical property evaluation and physical separation of the target product were performed to investigate the possibility of using sewage sludge gasification solid residue (GSRs) as a circulating resource. Firstly, the GSRs used in this study was supplied by Sudokwon Landfill Management Corporation, and generally the GSRs was in the form of porous pellets with a particle size of several millimetres. In addition, the partially black areas were confirmed to be unburned and ungasified carbon, and the average carbon content was 5%. In addition, the content of silica, alumina and phosphorus oxide was more than 70% of the total content. It was confirmed that the metallic components of the wet grinding product were separated into individual elements. As a physical separation of metallic and non-metallic components was required, it was finally found that flotation screening was suitable. Accordingly, cationic and anionic surfactants were selected to separate metallic components in which a relatively large amount of non-metallic components were concentrated, and the separation characteristics were confirmed. As a result, it is expected that the concentration of non-metallic components such as silica, alumina and phosphorus will be easier than the separation of metallic components. Therefore, since it is possible to physically treat the gasified sludge residue, it is judged to have potential as a circular resource according to the proposed recycling method for the separated product.

• Journal of Internet Computing and Services
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.71-81
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• 2024

In response to the COVID-19 pandemic, the global airport industry is actively introducing 4th Industrial Revolution technology-based systems for quarantine and passenger safety, and test bed construction and prior verification using airport infrastructure and resources are actively being conducted. Analysis of recent cases shows that despite the changing travel patterns of airport users and the diversification of airport service demands, most testbeds construction studies are still focused on suppliers, and task prioritization is also determined by decision makers. There is a tendency to rely on subjective judgment. In order to find practical ways to become a first mover that leads innovation in the aviation industry, this study selected tasks and derived priorities to build testbeds from a service perspective that reflects various customer service needs and changes. Research results using the AHP analysis method resulted in priorities in the order of access transportation and parking services (29.2%), security screening services (23.4%), and departure services (21.8%), and these analysis results were tested in the airport industry. It shows that innovation in testbeds construction is an important factor. In particular, the establishment of smart parking and UAM transportation testbeds not only helps strengthen airports as centers of technological innovation, but also promotes cooperation with companies, research institutes, and governments, and provides an environment for testing and developing new technologies and services. It can be a foundation for what can be done. The results and implications produced through this study can serve as useful guidelines for domestic and foreign airport practitioners to build testbeds and establish strategies.

• Journal of fish pathology
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.125-135
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• 1997

The possibility of identification of families of antibacterial agent residues in fish tissue was studied by disk assay using three test organisms, Bacillus subtilis BGA, Micrococcus luteus ATCC 9341, and Bacillus cereus var. mycoides ATCC 11778. In the present method, a simple clean-up procedure was performed to obtain the aqueous solution from homogenized flounder muscle sample(10g) in Mcilvaine buffer. Then, aqueous solution was fractionated into A and B to be used in disk assay by choloroform and Sep-Pak $C_{18}$ cartridge column after being defatted in hexane. The chloroform layer of fraction A was used for the analysis of macrolide antibiotics(ML), sulfa drugs(SA), chloramphenicol(CP), and quinolone antibiotics(QN). Adsorbed materials to Sep-Pak $C_{18}$ of fraction B were also employed for the analysis of penicillins(PC), tetracyclines(TC), and nitrofuran derivatives(NF) Minimun-detectable concentrations by the present method were, $0.1{\mu}g$/g for oxytetracycline, tetracycline, doxycycline, spiramycin and ciprofloxacin, $0.025{\mu}g$/g for erythromycin and ampicillin, $1.0{\mu}g$/g for sodium nifurstyrenate and florfenical, $0.25{\mu}g$/g for sulfamonomethoxie and sulfadimethoxine, $2.5{\mu}g$/g for oxolinic acid and flumequine, and $15{\mu}g$/g for piromidic acid, respectively. Three test organisms showed different sensitivity patterns for each family of antibacterial agent. Sensitivity patterns were B. cereus > B. subtilis > M. luteus for TC and NF, M. luteus > B, subtilis > B. cereus for ML and PC, B. cereus = B. subtilis > M. luteus for CP and QN, and B. subtilis > B. cereus＝M. luteus for SA. The present method utilizing these characteristics could be useful as a routine screening test for the determination of family of antibacterial agent residues in fish tissue.

• Research in Community and Public Health Nursing
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.182-196
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• 2002

The purpose of this study was to provide the basic resources for developing a parish nursing program. We did this by investigating what demands were made on the parish nursing service by the parishes or churches under review. The subjects of this study were 96 pastors located throughout the City of Busan. NP (New paragraph) $\gg$ We conducted our research by utilizing a modified version of the study created by Hwang (2000) and by using the help of prior research and professionals gathered from the parish nurse questionnaire by Djupe (1990). The data in this study were collected from July 1 to Oct. 31, 2001, using the questionnaire method. The Data were analyzed by: (a) frequency: (b) percentage: (c) mean: (d) standard deviation, and x^2-test$ with SPSS/PC program. The study has found the follows: 1. For subjects making demands on the parish nursing service, 95.8% were in need of using the services of parish nurses. On the demands of parish nursing service for the subjects, 95.8% the necessity of parish nursing services. And they answered by their intention of asking for parish nursing service practice. 2. Of the subjects under review, 71.9% were part-time workers and 28.1% were full-time employees 71.9% of part time and 28.1% of full times duty. In terms of the method of pay for work, 41.8% were pay free or freelance while 51.2% were on salary. And engagement intention of parish nurse as preacher was 88.5%. 3. The demand for nursing services in various categories were as follows. (a) hospice care: (4.02 1.11), (b) health screening: (3.98 1.09), (c) home visiting: (3.97 1.16), (d) group health education: (3.81 1.12), (e) organization of volunteer groups: (3.75 1.12), (f) individual health education: (3.75 1.14), (g) advice on choosing hospital or hospital consultation: (3.69 1.21) and (h) individual counseling: (3.51 1.31). 4. In terms of the specific services rendered by parish nurses. our study found that services were needed for the following: physical symptom management; preparation before death in spiritual preparation for death, blood pressure check in health examination, home visiting where the patient makes phone call, management of chronic disease in group health education, disease management in individual health education, advice on choosing hospital, or hospital consultation: and physical problems in individual counseling. 5. With respect to whether there was a correlation between what church a pastor came from and the types of demands made, there was NO significant difference found. 6. In relation to the characteristics of the subjects and their church and the hope demands (duty pattern and method of payment and engagement intention of parish nurse as preacher) for parish nurses, these had non significant differences. In conclusion, the perception of parish nursing service is very high. Moreover, we found that there is a great demand for well ordered parish nursing services to promote the health of each congregation. Before doing so, it would be better to make things known and to consider the relevant characteristics shown in the researched results.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.52 no.2
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• pp.140-145
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• 2007

This study was carried out to develop effective test method by soybean stink bug and to screen resistant genetic resources against soybean stink bug. The damage pod rate by stink bug showed 40% of most soybean varieties and was selected about 10% low of 10 varieties by 298 variety and degree in soybean at first year Stink bug damage rate research for 102 varieties that stink bug damage rate lowed at first year showed 10% low of 12 varieties and from 20% to 30% of the other varieties. So testing material is "Ilpumgeumjeongkong" to develop for effective test method soybean stink bug and result for stink bug damage rate research of according to growth stage showed rapidly high more full seed than full pod. Full seed stage (R6) was highest to 35.5% for stink bug damage rate. Result of resistant genetic resources selection according to stink bug damage pod rate was lowed of best to 10.3% for "Peking, Sorogkong, Hwangsaegjunjeari and Sobaeknamulkong" in the order. Also, stink bug damage seed rate was similar too. So "Peking, Sorogkong, Hwangsaegjunjeari and Sobaeknamulkong" were thought resistant variety against stink bug. Additional study carried out with "Peking and Sorogkong" so that concretely investigate about stink bug's refuse reaction. This result showed 10.0% for Peking and 14.2% for Sorogkong at R6 stage. But, damage pod rate was rapidly lowed.