• Journal of agricultural medicine and community health
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.27-38
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• 1998

Purpose : To assess knowledge levels of cancer warning signs, a descriptive study wad conducted in Chungju rural area. Materials and Methods : We conducted a population-based study of men women who were 30 years of age or older, living in a three myens of Chungju rural area. Of 8,026 residents in 3 Myens, 1,148 adults(30 years of age or older) were completed structured questionnaire survey from July 21, 1997 to July 26, 1997. 7 cancer warning signs were used to assess knowledge level of cancer warning signs. Results : Participants in this study were poorly informed about the cancer warning signs, and the 24.9% of participants and divided by two groups. The high level group was 19.3%, and the low 80.7%. In this initial univariate analysis, the following variables were significantly associated with knowledge levels of cancer warning signs: age, sex, education, living with parter, annual income, smoking status, hepatitis vaccination, perceived possibility of cancer, previous cancer-screening examinations. In multivariate logistic analysis, we found three variables, sex, education level, previous pap-smear test, are significantly associated with knowledge levels of cancer warning signs. The knowledge level was higher among women, people with higher education, and those who had previous pap-smear examination. Conclusion : This study demonstrates that cancer warning signs are not common knowledge among the rural public. It also indicates the need for cancer education to improve knowledge in the rural public and the develop education programmes targeted especially at the old, men, and those who had not cancer screening examination should be considered to plan.

• Dementia and Neurocognitive Disorders
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.117-126
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• 2024

Background and Purpose: The Korean-Mini Mental State Examination, 2nd edition (K-MMSE~2) was recently released. This study aimed to determine whether the K-MMSE~2: Standard Version (K-MMSE~2:SV) had the same test characteristics as the K-MMSE. Methods: A total of 1,514 healthy community-based participants aged 19 to 90 years were administered the K-MMSE~2:SV Blue Form along with the language items from the K-MMSE. The item and test characteristics and test information for the K-MMSE~2:SV and K-MMSE were compared using Item Response Theory analysis. Results: Item discriminations for the K-MMSE~2:SV and K-MMSE were above the moderate range for all items except Recall. Most of the items on the K-MMSE~2:SV and K-MMSE had item category difficulty in the very easy or easy range. The test information curve (TIC) showed that the K-MMSE~2:SV and K-MMSE provide almost the same amount of information (27.86 vs. 28.44), with both tests providing the most information at an ability level of -1.57. The generalizability (G) coefficient for the K-MMSE~2:SV and K-MMSE was 0.99. Conclusions: These results indicate that the K-MMSE~2:SV and K-MMSE are equally optimal tests for screening for mild cognitive impairment and early dementia. Given that the amount of test information provided by the two tests was almost identical, the shapes of the TICs were very similar, and the G coefficient was close to 1, we can conclude that the K-MMSE and K-MMSE~2:SV are equivalent tests.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.342-346
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• 1999

Background: Delays in breast cancer diagnosis may occur in young women due to a low index of suspicion. The purpose of this study was to compare mammography and breast sonography in detection of breast cancer and to suggest a reasonable guideline for breast cancer screening examination. Materials and Methods: Among 820 patients, 102 patients were under 35 years and 122 patients were above 60 years of age. We reviewed medical records, mammograms and/or ultrasonography of 49 patients under 35 years and 48 patients above 60 years of age with pathologically-proven breast cancer. Pathological reports were as follows Invasive ductal carcinoma(IDC) was present 61.2% of patients in the young age group and ductal carcinoma in situ(DCIS) in 16.3%. IDC was present in 66.6% of the patients in the old age group, and DCIS in 8.33%. We analyzed mammography and ultrasonography to evaluate their usefulness in detecting breast cancer in patients under 35 years and over 60 years of age. Results: The mammographic results are as follows : 1) detection rate of lesion: 83.8%(under 35yrs), 100%(over 60yrs) 2) sensitivity of cancer: 67.6%(under 35yrs), 91.2%(over 60yrs) The ultrasonographic results are as follows : 1) detection rate of lesion: 100% 2) sensitivity of cancer: 87.2%(under 35yrs), 96.7%(over 60yrs) The breast cancer detection rate in women under 35 years old was comparable to that of women above 60 years old in our study. Conclusion: A striking histologic finding in the two groups was a higher incidence of nuclear Grade II and III tumors. This finding correlates with the reported increased incidence of high grade tumors in young women and may correlate with the poorer prognosis of breast cancer in young patients. We conclude that early screening examination is helpful for early detection of breast cancer in women under age 35.

• Therapeutic Science for Rehabilitation
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.53-62
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• 2022

Objective : This study aimed to present basic data that could help in selecting or using evaluation tools in clinical settings. Methods : This study included 51 patients with stroke. The Cognitive Impairment Screening Test (CIST), Korean-Mini Mental State Examination, 2nd Edition (K-MMSE~2), and Clinical Dementia Rating (CDR) were used as evaluation tools. The correlation between evaluation tool scores was analyzed using Spearman's rank correlation coefficient, and the comparison of total scores between the CIST and K-MMSE~2 according to global CDR scores was analyzed using the Wilcoxon signed-rank test. Results : The correlation between the total CIST and K-MMSE~2 scores and global CDR scores was statistically significant (p<.01). The correlation between the sub-scores of the CIST and K-MMSE~2 showed a statistically significant correlation for all sub-scores (p<.01). The comparison of total scores between the CIST and K-MMSE~2 according to global CDR scores showed no statistically significant differences in all global CDR scores. Conclusion : This study showed that there was a correlation between CIST, K-MMSE~2, and CDR in patients with stroke. In the future, we hope that the results of this study will help to select or use cognitive function evaluation tools in clinical settings.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.15 no.6
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• pp.326-336
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• 2015

This study intended to identify the factors of breast and cervical cancer screening behaviors in married female immigrants and provide information for the development of intervention programs to promote the behaviors. Pender's Health Promotion Model was the conceptual framework of this study. The subjects of this study were 157 female immigrants living in Daegu and Gyeongbuk area. It was found that 33.1% of subjects had mammography, 22.9% of them did breast self-examination, and 51% of them had cervical cancer screening test. The breast cancer screening behavior increased 1.25 times as the score of social support increased one point, 1.13 times as the score of perceived benefit increased one point, 3.58 times when the subjects had experiences of breast and cervical cancer education, and 1.24 times as the score of action plan increased one point. The cervical cancer screening behavior increased 2.89 times when the subjects had experiences of breast and cervical cancer education, and 1.23 times as the score of social support increased one point. However, the cervical cancer screening behavior decreased 0.82 times as the score of perceived barriers increased one point.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.16 no.6
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• pp.2501-2505
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• 2015

Purpose: The present study was carried out to measure knowledge level and behavior of family health personnel (FHP) in Izmir on early diagnosis of breast and cervical cancers. Materials and Methods: The study population of this cross-sectional study was not selected. A questionnaire was applied to all FHP to measure knowledge level and behavior about cancer. The participation rate was 88%. Breast examination, mammography analysis, Papanicolaou smear applications were determined as dependent variables, and knowledge level about breast and cervical cancer, age, professional time as FHP as independent variables. Data were evaluated using definitive statistics, chi-square and logistic regression tests in SPSS software package for Windows 15.0. Results: A total of 970 family health personnel participated in the research. The age range was 20-45 years (82.4%). Mean age was $37.9{\pm}7.4$. Response rate was 87.3%. Of the participants, 88.4% performed breast self-examination. Rate of performing mammography at least once was 24.1%. Rate of performing Pap-smear examination at least once was 61.0%. In logistic regression analyses, it was determined that people with knowledge on breast and cervical cancer were those performing breast self-examination, mammography and Pap-smear examinations (p<0.05. Conclusions: It is essential that the knowledge, behavior and manners of health providers on early diagnosis for cancer increases awareness in the general population and provides information on execution ofthe most effective methods for generating a healthy society.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.14 no.6
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• pp.262-270
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• 2014

Considering that few studies had paid attention to the living characteristics and social environment surrounding amblyopes, the present study surveyed the parents of children aged 3 to 12 and diagnosed-with amblyopia to analyse the time when the children were first diagnosed-with amblyopia, the characteristics of their living environment and the socio-environmental factorsand to delve into correlations. For the purpose of this study, 104 parents of patients in 4 hospitals in Seoul, Gyeonggi and Incheon consented to participate in the survey from September 2 to November 23: 2013. As for the time when the children were first diagnosed with amblyopia: the age of 4 accounted for the highest percentage(28.8%). The older the parents were: the later the children were diagnosed with amblyopia (p<.01). The higher the education of parents, the earlier the diagnosis of amblyopia(p<.05). The present findings-will be conducive to decreasing the number of patients who have no choice but to live-with low vision for life by missing some timely visual acuity tests and ophthalmological examination and particularly to developing a social safety net that can realize national medical welfare for the low-income families and the socially disadvantaged class.With the help of information technology.

• Safety and Health at Work
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.125-129
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• 2019

The ultimate goal of the quality control program for special periodic health examination agencies is to diagnose the health condition of a worker correctly, based on accurate examination and analysis skills, leading to protect the worker's health. The quality control program on three areas, chemical analysis for biological monitoring since 1995, and pneumoconiosis, audiometric testing since 1996, has contributed to improve the reliability of occupational health screenings by improving the issues including standardization of testing methods, tools, diagnostic opinions, and reliability of analysis for biological monitoring. It has contributed to improving the reliability of occupational health monitoring by rectifying the following issues associated with previous monitoring: absence of standardized testing methods, testing tools that are not upgraded, mismatching diagnostic opinions, and unreliable results of biological specimen analysis. Nevertheless, there are issues in need of further improvement such as lack of expertise or the use of inappropriate method for health examination, and passive and unwilling participation in the quality control. We suggested solutions to these problems for each area of quality control program. Above all, it is essential to provide active support for health examiners to develop their expertise, while encouraging all the health screening agencies, employers, and workers to develop the desire to improve the system and to maintain the relevance.

• Design Convergence Study
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.235-244
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• 2018

The health checkup conducted by the National Health Insurance Corporation is aimed at early detection and prevention of diseases. After the screening, you will receive a result sheet, which is a means for smooth communication between the medical staff and the patient. So far, design improvements have been made to the results. However, it is still pointed out that patients have low understanding and cognitive problems. Therefore, in this study, the opinions of the actual users, the medical examiners, and the designers are investigated to improve the design and to propose convenient checkup result sheets. The research method is to investigate the problems of information design research related to the results of the health examination and the user interviews on the results of the current health examination, and to improve the design of the existing results. In addition, we conducted a questionnaire survey on the results of the existing health checkups and the results of the improved checkups by the researchers, and finally designed them by referring to the results. As a result, I got a positive answer that many of the problems pointed out in the existing results were solved.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Oral Health
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• v.42 no.4
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• pp.101-108
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• 2018

Objectives: The Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) is a national surveillance system that has been assessing the health and nutritional status of Koreans since 1998. Based on the National Health Promotion Act, the surveys have been conducted by the Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (KCDC). Methods: An oral examination as part of The National Health and Nutrition Examination was proposed to calculate the sample design and survey participation. The surveying system was presented by classifying the measurement environment, screening, and survey items by year, and the merits and limitations of using the data were suggested by examining the status of survey quality management and the process of disclosing raw data. Results: This nationally representative cross-sectional survey samples approximately 10,000 individuals each year and collects information on oral examinations and oral health interviews. Data for the oral health component of KNHANES was obtained to assess the oral health status of Koreans and determine the prevalence of dental caries and periodontitis. The oral health data quality control of KNHANES was composed of three parts: "Education Program" and "Field Training Program" for quality control of oral health examiners (dentists) by the professional academy, and "Data management" by the KCDC. After completion of the three-step data check, the indicators of dental caries, periodontal disease, and oral health behavior were published in the National Health Statistics. Conclusions: To achieve the goals of oral health indicators, we will continue to monitor so that we can use it as basic data for oral policies and carry out various linkage analyses related to oral diseases.