• 한국세라믹학회지
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• 제40권1호
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• pp.104-108
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• 2003

스크래칭 시험(scratching test)을 이용하여 단결정 실리콘의 수직하중에 대한 마찰계수, AE(Acoustic Emission) 신호와 긁힌 자취의 미세균열을 관찰하고 그 결정구조를 분석하였다. 스크래칭 시험은 하중인가속도(loading rate)를 100N/min으로 하고 스크래칭 속도(scratching speed)를 1, 3, 6, 10mm/min의 4가지로 하여 최대 30N이 될 때까지 행하였다. 그 결과, 수직하중 또는 스크래칭 속도가 증가할 때 마찰계수, AE, 균열밀도는 증가하는 경향을 나타내었다. 스크래칭, 자취에 대한 마이크로 라만 분광법을 이용한 결정구조 분석결과, 스크래칭 속도가 느린 조건에서 압력인가에 따른 실리콘의 다이아몬드 구조에서 다른 고압상의 구조로의 상전이 현상을 관찰할 수 있었다.

• 한국결정학회지
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.102-112
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• 2001

단결정 실리콘의 기계적 손상거동에 대한 이해는 반도체 정밀가공의 관점에서 매우 중요하다. 최근 이루어지고 있는 Diamond Anvil Cell(DAC) 이나 압입시험을 통한 고압상연구로 부터 실리콘은 고압에서 일련의 상변화과정을 겪는다는 것이 알려지고 있으며 마찬가지로 실리콘에 다이아몬드 팁으로 scratching시험을 하는 과정에서 다양한 기계적인 손상과 응력상들이 나타날 수 있다. 본 연구에서는 단결정 실리콘에 대하여 scratching시험에 의하여 나 타나는 균열에 대하여 고찰하고 mirco-Raman 분광법을 사용하여 scratching에 의하여 나타나는 상을 분석하였다. 그 결과 scratching 방향과 속도에 따라 균열의 양상이 달라지며 scratching속도와 하중조건에 따라 여러가지 다른 상이 관찰됨을 확인하였다

• 한국소음진동공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국소음진동공학회 2013년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.486-491
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• 2013

Creak noise is kind of scratching noise which is usually generated in drum brake system on the vehicle. When driver brakes vehicle or applies parking lever, drum brake shoe moves to the drum side to stop the vehicle. And at that time, moving shoe scratches backing plate ledge surface, and that makes scratching noise in special condition. This study presents how we can generate creak noise in the laboratory and how we can reduce it by experimental approach. Through several and various type of tests, we could generate creak noise with damage on ledge area of the backing plate in the lab and we verified tab type shoe design can reduce this scratching noise. As a result of this study, we notified how creak noise happens in the vehicle, and that tab type design shoe has good performance of ledge area damage based on lab test(rig & dynamometer equipment), and that this can reduce potential risk of creak noise in the field.

• 한국기계가공학회지
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.75-84
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• 2003

In this paper, a new nano/micro-mechanical processing test machine was developed. This new test machine, which is based on the principle of the scanning force controlled probe microscope, can realize nano/micro-mechanical machining and in-process profile measurement. Experimental results of nano/micro indentation and scratching show that the controllable cutting depth of the test machine can be controlled by PZT actuator. Profile measurement of the machined surface has also been performed by using the test machine and a conventional AFM(Atomic Force Microscopy). A good agreement of the two measurement results have been achieved.

• 한국정밀공학회지
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.139-146
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• 2004

In this study, to achieve the optimal conditions for mechanical hyper-fine pattern fabrication process, deformation behavior of the materials during indentation scratch test was studied with numerical method by ABAQUS S/W. Brittle materials (Si, Pyrex glass 7740) were used as specimens, and forming conditions to reduce the elastic recovery and pile-up were proposed. The indenter was modeled as a rigid surface. Minimum mesh sizes of specimens are 1-l0nm. Variables of the nanoindentation scratch test analysis are scratching speed, scratching load, tip radius and tip geometry. The nano-indentation scratch tests were performed by using the Berkovich pyramidal diamond indenter. Comparison between the experimental data and numerical result demonstrated that the FEM approach can be a good model of the nanoindentation scratch test. The result of the investigation will be applied to the fabrication of the hyper-fine pattern.

• 한방안이비인후피부과학회지
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.28-34
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• 2011

Background & Objectives : Allergic rhinitis is an inflammation or irritation of the mucous membranes that line the nose. Common symptoms include sneezing, a stuffy or runny nose, itchy eyes, nose and throat, and watery eyes. We aimed to determine therapeutic effects of Tribulus terrestris by observing changes of total IgE level and the scratching or rubbing around the nose behavior. Materials and Methods : Fifteen BALB/c mice were divided into three groups : AR group(allergic rhinitis elicitated), TT group(which ate herbal medicine) and AH group(which ate antihistamine). Allergic rhinitis was induced in the three groups by intraperitoneal and intranasal sensitization with 0.1% ovalbumin solution. Then Tribulus terrestris was orally administered only to the TT group of 28days, while the AH group was given antihistamine. We observed changes of total IgE level and the scratching or rubbing around the nose behavior. We used Kruskal-Wallis test statistically(p<0.05). Results : 1. Tribulus terrestris showed significantly decreased IgE level on the serum of the rat model. 2. Tribulus terrestris showed significantly decreased scratching or rubbing around the nose behaviors of the rat model. Conclusion : According to the above results, it is considered that Tribulus terrestris has an inhibitory effect on the process of allergic rhinitis and it can be used in relieving symptoms of allergic rhinitis.

• 한국결정학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국결정학회 2001년도 정기총회 및 춘계학술대회연구발표회(한국결정학회)
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• pp.21-21
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• 2001

• 한국재료학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국재료학회 2002년도 춘계 학술발표강연 및 논문개요집
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• pp.111-111
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• 2002

• 한국정밀공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정밀공학회 2003년도 추계학술대회 논문요약집
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• pp.250-250
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• 2003

• The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.23-27
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• 2005

The present study was performed to investigate the effects of intra-articular injection of interleukin-1${\beta}$ (IL-1${\beta}$) on the formalin-induced temporomandibular joint (TMJ) pain. Under anesthesia, a 30-gauge needle was introduced into the right TMJ region for injection of formalin. Microinjection of 50 ${\mu}l$ of 5% formalin significantly produced noxious scratching behavioral response, and the scratching behavior lasted for 40 min. Although the responses produced by formalin injection were divided into two phases, the response of 1st phase did not significantly differ from the scratching behavior response in the saline-treated group. We examined the effects of intra-articular injection of IL-1${\beta}$ on the number of noxious behavioral responses produced by 50${\mu}l$ of 5% formalin injection. Intra-articular injection of 100 pg and 1 ng of IL-1${\beta}$ significantly increased the number of behavioral responses of the 2nd phase, while 10 pg of IL-1${\beta}$ did not change the formalin-induced behavioral responses. To investigate whether IL-1 receptor was involved in the intra-articular administration of IL-1${\beta}$-induced hyperalgesic response, IL-1 receptor antagonist (IL- ra, 50 ng) was administrated together with IL-1${\beta}$ injection. IL-1${\beta}$ receptor antagonist blocked IL-1${\beta}$- induced hyperalgesic response in the TMJ formalin test. These results suggest that intra-articular injection of IL-1${\beta}$ facilitated the transmission of nociceptive information in the TMJ area.