• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• v.45 no.3
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• pp.196-206
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• 2018

Dramatic increase in global population accompanied by rapid industrialization in developing countries has led to serious environmental, food, energy, and health problems. The Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations has estimated world population will increase to 9.7 billion by 2050 and require approximately 1.7 times more food, and more than 3.5 times energy than that of today. Particularly, sweetpotato is easy to cultivate in unfavorable conditions such as heat, drought, high salt, and marginal lands. In this respect, sweetpotato is an industrially valuable starch crop. To replace crops associated with these food and energy problems, it is necessary to develop new crops with improved nutrients and productivity, that can be grown on marginal lands, including desertification areas using plant biotechnology. For this purpose, exploring useful genes and developing genetically modified crops are essential strategies. Currently, sweetpotato [Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam.] have been re-evaluated as the best health food and industrial crop that produces starch and low molecular weight antioxidants, such as vitamin A, vitamin E, anthocyanins and carotenoids. This review will focus on the current status of research on sweetpotato biotechnology on omics including genome sequencing, transcriptome, proteomics and molecular breeding. In addition, prospects on molecular breeding of sweetpotato on marginal lands for sustainable development were described.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.1407-1412
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• 2012

Background & Objectives: Gastric cancer is a leading cause of cancer-related deaths in both sexes in Iran. This study was designed to assess upper GI endoscopic findings among people > 50 years targeted in a mass screening program in a hot-point region. Methods: Based on the pilot results in Guilan Cancer Registry study (GCRS), one of the high point regions for GC-Lashtenesha- was selected. The target population was called mainly using two methods: in rural regions, by house-house direct referral and in urban areas using public media. Upper GI endoscopy was performed by trained endoscopists. All participants underwent biopsies for rapid urea test (RUT) from the antrum and also further biopsies from five defined points of stomach for detection of precancerous lesions. In cases of visible gross lesions, more diagnostic biopsies were taken and submitted for histopathologic evaluation. Results: Of 1,394 initial participants, finally 1,382 persons (702 women, 680 men) with a mean age of $61.7{\pm}9.0$ years (range: 50-87 years) underwent upper GI endoscopy. H. pylori infection based on the RUT was positive in 66.6%. Gastric adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma of esophagus were detected in seven (0.5%) and one (0.07%) persons, respectively. A remarkable proportion of studied participants were found to have esophageal hiatal hernia (38.4%). Asymptomatic gastric masses found in 1.1% (15) of cases which were mostly located in antrum (33.3%), cardia (20.0%) and prepyloric area (20.0%). Gastric and duodenal ulcers were found in 5.9% (82) and 6.9% (96) of the screened population. Conclusion: Upper endoscopy screening is an effective technique for early detection of GC especially in high risk populations. Further studies are required to evaluate cost effectiveness, cost benefit and mortality and morbidity of this method among high and moderate risk population before recommending this method for the GC surveillance program at the national level.

• The Journal of the Institute of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.145-150
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• 2015

Needs about safety of residents are important in urbanized society, elderly and small-size family. People are looking for safety information system and device of CPTED. That is, Needs and Installations of CCTV increased steadily. But, scientific analysis about validity, systematic plan and location of security CCTV is nonexistent. It is simply put these devised in more demanded areas. It has limits to look for safety of residents by increasing density of CCTVs. One of the characteristics of crime is clustering and stong interconnectivity. So, exploratory spatial data of crime is geo-coded using 2 years data and carried out cluster analysis and space statistical analysis through GIS space analysis by dividing 18 variables into social economy, urban space, crime prevention facility and crime occurrence index. The result of analysis shows cluster of 5 major crimes, theft, violence and sexual violence by Nearest Neighbor distance analysis and Ripley's K function. It also shows strong crime interconnectivity through criminal correlation analysis. In case of finding criminal cluster, you can find criminal hotspot. So, in this study I found concept of hotspot and considered technique about selection of hotspot. And then, selected hotspot about 5 major crimes, theft, violence and sexual violence through Nearest Neighbor Hierarchical Spatial Clustering.

• Journal of Hospice and Palliative Care
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.82-90
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• 2008

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to develop a CD program of applied logotherapy to improve the quality of life of older school-age children with terminal cancer. Methods: Keller's ARCS (Attention, Relevance, Confidence, Satisfaction) theory and a model for developing learning materials (Dick and Cray) were applied to develop this program which comprised four distinct phases: planning, developing, applying, and evaluation stages. Results: This program was entitled 'Finding treasures in my mind' and consisted of 5 sessions, and its educational contents were made up as follows: "Treasure One" is 'learning three natures of the human mind', "Treasure Two" is 'learning creative value as first method to find meaning of life', "Treasure Three" is 'learning experiential value as second method to find meaning of life', "Treasure Four" is 'learning attitudinal value as third method to find meaning of life', and "Treasure Five" is 'Becoming the master of my life'. The sub-menu was made up of 'Beginning', 'What is it?', 'Travelling'. 'Laughing Song', and 'End'. Conclusion: This CD program is an applied logotherapy with flash animation technique as an emotional and spiritual intervention program for easier and more scientific application in pediatric oncology and hospice area.

• Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
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• v.21 no.6
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• pp.859-877
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• 2012

In this study, Echo-sounder($E_s$) monitoring methodology was applied to test environmental impacts of artificial weirs(SCW and JSW) in the Yeongsan River on fish community and habitat structures at first time, and was compared with conventional fish sampling methodologies($C_s$). For the Es monitoring in the fields, parallel transect methods was employed in determining the survey distance interval with every 125 m within the upper-lower 2 km of the weirs. Four different fish sampling gears such as casting nets, kick nets, fyke nets, and gill nets were used for applications of $C_s$ monitoring methodology. According to the Echo-sounder monitoring, fish density, expressed as a number of individuals per square meter, along the longitudinal axis of the weir was significantly greater(JSW, t = 3.506, n = 30, p < 0.001) in the down-river reach of the weir than in the up-river reach. Also, fish density along the vertical water column was highest at mid-depths of Seungchon weir, which has simple habitat substrates, while fish density was highest at hypolimnetic depth of Juksan weir. According to fish sampling by the $C_s$ methodology, the fish compositions decreased as the river goes upward, and significant differences(JSW, t = 0.248, n = 30, p < 0.05) in the compositions of fish species occurred between up-reach and down-reach of the weirs. The dominant species near the two weirs were Opsarichthys uncirostris amurensis, Hemiculter eigenmanni and Coilia nasus. Overall, our fish and habitat data, based on $E_s$ and $C_s$ monitoring methodologies, suggest that the weirs disturbed the rivers due to initial habitat disturbances by the weir constructions as well as the barrier roles of weirs on fish passage and migrations. More long-term scientific and systematic fish impact monitoring and assessments($E_s$ and $C_s$) are required in the future to predict changes of ecological structures and functions on the constructions of the weirs.

• Korean Journal of Applied Biomechanics
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• v.21 no.5
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• pp.521-528
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• 2011

The purpose of this study was to analyze the kinematic characteristics of the finalists in the women's 100 m event to provide important information to coaches and athletes. Three different biomechanics techniques were applied for analyzing sprinter motion: LAVEG, a panning technique, and 12 video cameras for 3 dimensional analysis of the 40 m - 70 m portion of the race. Carmelita Jeter(USA) performed the maximum speed of 10.54 m/s at the distance of 58.2 m. There was a tendency to show a better performance time with a high number of steps (p=.13) and shorter stride length (p=.14) among the 8 sprints. Furthermore, the stride frequency and the performance time were negatively correlated as a higher stride frequency had a positive impact on the performance time (p=.02). Based on 3 dimensional analysis, the 4 top ranked sprinters used the different strategies to maintain a high COM (Center of Mass) velocity during the mid portion of the race (40 m - 70 m). Carmelita Jeter(USA) showed more flexed knee and hip motion at heel contact (HC) to maintain a high COM velocity while S.A. Fraser-Pryce (JAM) showed more extended knee and hip motion at HC. On the other hands, Veronica Campbell-Brown (JAM) and Kelly-Ann Baptiste (TRI) showed a tendency to have high knee lifts during the swing phase to maintain the high COM velocity during the race. These biomechanical analyses of the women's 100 m final event in the 2011 WC, Daegu, will provide important scientific information to coaches and athletes for understanding the sprinting mechanism of today's top-class sprinters.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.21 no.10
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• pp.48-54
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• 2020

DMSMS (Diminishing Manufacturing Sources and Material Shortage) is increased by developing the scientific technique and downsizing the military part market. DMSMS affects the increase in total life cycle costs and serviceability. Therefore, advance control for parts is important to reduce the cost, and a database is needed to share information on the DMSMS. A task needs to be performed continuously by setting the major control item to management more efficiently. The purpose of this study was to deduce the major control item for the DMSMS management system. Thus, the pre-control item basis of the DAPA (Defense Acquisition Program Administration) Manual and the SD-22 Manual were first selected, and the results of the survey were analyzed by AHP (Analytic Hierarchy Process) method. Fifteen of the detailed items were stratified into three criteria (Impact, Probability, and cost of the DMSMS), and each weight for the items was calculated using a nine-point scale survey. The AHP survey was executed with 25 specialists in the DMSMS management field, and the score of consistency ratio over 0.1 was excluded. The model explained the results and suggested future directions for development.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.45 no.5
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• pp.71-86
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• 2017

This work explores the historical transformation of manual landscape architectural drawings in terms of hybridization to uncover their inherent creative aspect. Landscape architectural drawing has duel functions; namely, scientific instrumentality and artistic imagination, which are relative, interchangeable, and transformable. These characteristics have been embodied in the forms of particular types of drawing, projections, perspective views, and diagrams, which are not so much clearly distinguishable as rather mutually complementary and hybridized. In particular, the pictorial views of plants in the forms of a perspective view or elevation were frequently hybridized to projection drawings of grounds and architectural structures, which is called planometrics. Particular drawing types have often emerged as suitable and thereby dominant forms, depending on the particular historical styles of landscape design. Sixteenth-century Italian Renaissance gardens and seventeenth-century French formal gardens were generally visualized in the form of projections. Eighteenth-century and early nineteenth-century English landscape gardens were frequently represented in a pictorial perspective view. In nineteenth-century America, different drawing techniques such as competition drawing, photography, and map overlay were specialized depending on their respective functions. Twentieth-century American modernists began to explore the diagram to deploy design strategies. In such transformation, however, the planometric, which considers both the ground plane and plant's frontal identities simultaneously and thereby is suitable to landscape design, was frequently used as a hybridization technique. In the mid-nineteenth century, a top view of plants replaced the planometric, and then, in the twentieth century, plants were no longer represented artistically, instead reduced to the forms of standardized flat symbols. The use of instrumental visualizations thereby gradually increased rather than the use of an imaginative representation for landscape architectural drawings.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
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• v.6 no.3
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• pp.1-18
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• 2011

Publication Industry of scientific technology is showing tendency of decreasing in sales, which clearly draws down curve since 2000. The printing culture is declining whether it is because of trend avoiding pure science or technological science and engineering, advancement of mass media or increasing frequency of using internet. Nevertheless, researcher considered car industry in publication industry as a life-long purpose for study. For this reason, the researcher tried to find the variables of the marketing which give impact on the customers such as student group and consumer who buys cars, when buying professional books. The found variables are expected to have a huge impact on the publication industry of professional books. As a result of research, in the area of the vision and motive, most said that they have "chosen a major in car because they liked car in usual base." In the stage of recognizing the problem, they buy the books when it is inevitably necessary. In the stage of searching for the information, they get information from advertisements, friends, professors, internet or sales clerk in book stores. In the stage of evaluation, they look for the title and the publication date of the books. In addition, in the stage of deciding purchase, "buy immediately" was the most frequent answer while impulsive purchase is the least frequent answer. In the stage of evaluating after purchase, many of them mostly are satisfied with their purchase.

• Conservation Science in Museum
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• v.22
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• pp.15-26
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• 2019

This study was focused on the three-dimensional convergence modeling that can multilaterally analyze internal and external shapes of the Sam-Chongtong Hand Canon by optical precision scanning optimized for acquiring the surface shape and X-ray CT scanning used for obtaining the internal shape. First, the scanning results were converted by compatible extension, after which three-dimensional deviation analysis was conducted to verify mutual conformities. Accordingly, most (56.98%) deviations between the two scanning models was found be ±0.1mm. This result did not influence registration and merging based on the ICP algorithm. The merged data exhibited the external surface color, detailed shapes, internal width, and structure of the hand canon. The three-dimensional model based on optical surface scanning and X-ray CT scanning can be used for traditional technique interpretation as well as digital documentation of cultural heritage. In the future, it will contribute to deliver accessible scientific information of exhibits for visitors.