• Advances in nano research
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.297-312
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• 2022

Coughing and breath shortness are common symptoms of nano (small) cell lung cancer. Smoking is main factor in causing such cancers. The cancer cells form on the soft tissues of lung. Deformation behavior and wave vibration of lung affected when cancer cells exist. Therefore, in the current work, phase velocity behavior of the small cell lung cancer as a main part of the body via an exact size-dependent theory is presented. Regarding this problem, displacement fields of small cell lung cancer are obtained using first-order shear deformation theory with five parameters. Besides, the size-dependent small cell lung cancer is modeled via nonlocal stress/strain gradient theory (NSGT). An analytical method is applied for solving the governing equations of the small cell lung cancer structure. The novelty of the current study is the consideration of the five-parameter of displacement for curved panel, and porosity as well as NSGT are employed and solved using the analytical method. For more verification, the outcomes of this reports are compared with the predictions of deep neural network (DNN) with adaptive optimization method. A thorough parametric investigation is conducted on the effect of NSGT parameters, porosity and geometry on the phase velocity behavior of the small cell lung cancer structure.

• Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology
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• v.17 no.11
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• pp.1739-1745
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• 2003

The boiling heat transfer characteristics of two-phase closed thermosyphons with internal grooves are studied experimentally and a simple mathematical model is developed to predict the performance of such thermosyphons. The study focuses on the boiling heat transfer characteristics of a two-phase closed thermosyphons with copper tubes having 50, 60, 70, 80, 90 internal grooves. A two-phase closed thermosyphon with plain copper tube having the same inner and outer diameter as those of grooved tube is also tested for comparison. Methanol is used as working fluid. The effects of the number of grooves, the operating temperature, the heat flux are investigated experimentally. From these experimental results, a simple mathematical model is developed. In the present model, boiling of liquid pool in the evaporator is considered for the heat transfer mechanism of the thermosyphon. And also the effects of the number of grooves, the operating temperature, the heat flux are brought into consideration. A good agreement between the boiling heat transfer coefficient of the thermosyphon estimated from experimental results and the predictions from the present mathematical model is obtained. The experimental results show that the number of grooves and the amount of the working fluid are very important factors for the operation of thermosyphons. The two-phase closed thermosyphon with copper tubes having 60 internal grooves shows the best boiling heat transfer performance.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Bioinformatics Conference
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• 2004.11a
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• pp.250-261
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• 2004

A novel method for ab initio prediction of protein tertiary structures, PROFESY (PROFile Enumerating SYstem), is introduced. This method utilizes secondary structure prediction information and fragment assembly. The secondary structure prediction of proteins is performed with the PREDICT method which uses PSI-BLAST to generate profiles and a distance measure in the pattern space. In order to predict the tertiary structure of a protein sequence, we assemble fragments in the fragment library constructed as a byproduct of PREDICT. The tertiary structure is obtained by minimizing the potential energy using the conformational space annealing method which enables one to sample diverse low lying minima of the energy function. We apply PROFESY for prediction of some proteins with known structures, which shows good performances. We also participated in CASP5 and applied PROFESY to new fold targets for blind predictions. The results were quite promising, despite the fact that PROFESY was in its early stage of development. In particular, the PROFESY result is the best for the hardest target T0161.

• Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.947-957
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• 2005

In this study a simple model is developed that predicts impact damage in a composite laminate avoiding the need of the time-consuming dynamic finite element method (FEM). The analytical model uses a non-linear approximation method (Rayleigh-Ritz) and the large deflection plate theory to predict the number of failed plies and damage area in a quasi-isotropic composite circular plate (axisymmetric problem) due to a point impact load at its centre. It is assumed that the deformation due to a static transverse load is similar to that oc curred in a low velocity impact. It is found that the model, despite its simplicity, is in good agreement with FEM predictions and experimental data for the deflection of the composite plate and gives a good estimate of the number of failed plies due to fibre breakage. The predicted damage zone could be used with a fracture mechanics model developed by the second investigator and co-workers to calculate the compression after impact strength of such laminates. This approach could save significant running time when compared to FEM solutions.

• Proceedings of the Korean Vacuum Society Conference
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• 2011.08a
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• pp.112-112
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• 2011

The interaction of water molecules with solid surfaces has been a subject of considerable interests, due to its importance in the fields from atmospheric and environmental phenomena to biology, catalysis and electrochemistry [1,2]. Among various kinds of surfaces, a lot of theoretical and experimental studies have been performed regarding water on MgO(100), however, to date, there has been no direct observation of water molecules on MgO by scanning tunneling microscope (STM) as compared with those on metal surface. Here, we will present the direct observation and manipulation of single water molecules on ultrathin MgO(100) films using low-temperature scanning tunneling microscope (LT-STM) [3]. Our results rationalize the previous theoretical predictions of isolated water molecules on MgO including the optimum adsorption sites and non-dissociative adsorption of water. Moreover, we were able to dissociate a water molecule by exciting the vibrational mode of water, which is unattainable on metal surfaces. The enhanced residual time of tunneling electrons in molecules on the insulating film is responsible for this unique pathway toward dissociation of water.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.88-98
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• 1980

The process of solidification of a single-phase flowing hot fluid in a cylindrical tube has been investigated analytically and experimentally. A series of tests were performed, using paraffin -wax and Wood's metal as flowing hot fluids. These data verified the existing quasistatic numerical analysis model of freezing process developed at Brookhaven National Laboratory In addition, experimental results provided information regarding the effects of various parameters on the .process of transient flowing and freezing through a vertical channel. The experimental apparatus and techniques are described. Comparison of experimental data with predictions of mathematical models for transient molten fluid displacement are presented in graphical form. In addition, the mathematical model is applied to LMFBR post-accident conditions.

• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.33 no.4
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• pp.413-418
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• 1989

The rates for the reaction of substituted 2-phenylethyl tosylates with substituted pyridines were measured in acetonitrile and that of 2-PNS with substituted pyridines were investigated in both acetonitrile and methanol. The substitutent effect was accelerated by an electron-donating substituent on both substrate and nucleophile. Results showed that More O'Ferrall and quantum mechanical model of predicting transition state structure suggest the reaction proceeds via an $S_N2$ mechanism, in which bond-breaking is more advanced than bond-formation. Transition state variation predicted with the quantum mechanical model is consistent with the experimental results, whereas the predictions provided by the More O'Ferrall plots is found to be inconsistent in leaving group. In the reaction of 2-PNS, the rate constants in acetonitrile were larger than that in methanol.

• International Journal of Naval Architecture and Ocean Engineering
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.75-85
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• 2021

The broadband noise can be dominant or important for total characteristics for marine propeller noise representing the minimum base of self-noise. Accurate prediction of such noise is crucial for survivability of underwater military vessels. While the FW-H Formulation 1B can be used to predict broadband trailing edge noise, the method required experiment measurements of surface pressure correlations, showing its limitations in generality. Therefore, in this study, the methods are developed to utilize wall pressure spectrum models to overcome those limitations. Chase model is adopted to represent surface pressure along with the developed formulations to reproduce pressure statistics. Newly developed method is validated with the experiments of airfoils at different velocities. Thereafter, with its feasibility and generality, the procedure incorporating computational fluid dynamics is established and performed for a propeller behind submarine hull. The results are compared with the experiments conducted at Large Cavitation Tunnel, thus showing its usability and robustness.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Propulsion Engineers
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.24-36
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• 2015

In the present study, numerical predictions of infrared spectrum of rocket plume with considering effect of particles based on approximation theories were performed by using a line-by-line radiation model with radiation databases. The high-resolution radiation databases were used to predict thermal emission spectra of gas molecules within the rocket plume regime. The particles were modeled as soot particles by using 1st term approximation of Mie theory and Rayleigh approximation. The reliability of modeled effect of soot particles using the two approximation theories was verified, and the spectral radiance of rocket plume was predicted based on the verification. The results were improved in the short wavelength range by considering the effect of soot particles.

• Journal of Korean Institute of Industrial Engineers
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• v.38 no.1
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• pp.46-56
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• 2012

The purpose of virtual metrology (VM) in semiconductor manufacturing is to predict every wafer's metrological values based on its process equipment data without an actual metrology. In this paper, we propose novelty detection-based reliability estimation models for VM in order to support flexible utilization of VM results. Because the proposed model can not only estimate the reliability of VM, but also identify suspicious process variables lowering the reliability, quality control actions can be taken selectively based on the reliance level and its causes. Based on the preliminary experimental results with actual semiconductor manufacturing process data, our models can successfully give a high reliance level to the wafers with small prediction errors and a low reliance level to the wafers with large prediction errors. In addition, our proposed model can give more detailed information by identifying the critical process variables and their relative impacts on the low reliability.