• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.47 no.2
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• pp.145-156
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• 2014

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to establish accreditation systems of reliable educational materials for nutrition and dietary life which could be used in schools, workplace, and health promotion. Methods: The study was conducted from April 2011 to October 2011. Literature reviews, institutional visits, and telephone interviews were conducted. Expert meetings and advisory councils were held in order to receive feedback on development of the accreditation systems. A survey was conducted for the accreditation procedures on 143 professionals, including professors, researchers, health and medical experts, teachers, nutrition teachers, dietitians, and clinical nutritionists. Results: The final procedure of the developed accreditation system was finalized as follows: 1) receiving application twice per year 2) complete desk review (written evaluation) by three reviewers within two months, 3) board review (all board members) and decision, and 4) notification of results. The accreditation system is set for printed materials, web-site, and materials for activities. The certificate and accreditation mark is issued to the final certified educational materials. Expiration date is established only for the web-site form. The accreditation length lasts for two years, and can be extended by renewal application. Conclusion: The dietary and nutrition related materials, which are certificated by this accreditation system, could impart reliable information and knowledge to both learners and educators, and help them in effective selection of educational materials. Therefore, this accreditation system might be expected to increase satisfaction for teaching and learning about nutrition and healthy dietary life.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.46 no.5
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• pp.447-460
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• 2013

Dietary supplement use is prevalent and represents an important source of nutrition. This study was conducted in order to assess the dietary maximum exposure of vitamins and minerals from various sources including regular diet, vitamin mineral supplements for non-prescription drug (VMS-NPD), vitamin mineral supplements for health functional foods (VMS-HFF), and fortified foods (FF). A total of 1,407 adolescent boys and girls attending middle or high schools were chosen from various cities and rural communities in Korea. Users of vitamin and mineral supplements (n = 60, 15-18 years of age) were chosen from the above 1,407 students. Intake of vitamins and minerals from a regular diet and FF was assessed by both food record method and direct interview for three days of two weekdays and one weekend, and those from VMS-NPD and VMS-HFF were assessed by both questionnaire and direct interview, and compared with the recommended nutrient intake (RNI) and the tolerable upper intake level (UL) for Korean adolescents. Daily average exposure range of vitamins and minerals from a regular diet was 0.3 to 4.4 times of the RNI. Some subjects had an excessive exposure to the UL in the following areas: from regular diets, vitamin A (1.7%) and niacin (5.0%); from only VMS-NPD, vitamin C (9.1%) and iron (5.6%); and from only VMS-HFF, niacin (8.6%) > vitamin $B_6$ (7.5%) > folic acid (2.9%) > vitamin C (2.3%). Nutrients of daily total intake from regular diet, VMS-NPD, VMS-HFF, and FF higher than the UL included nicotinic acid for 33.3% of subjects, and, then, in order, vitamin C (26.6%) > vitamin A (13.3%), iron (13.3%) > zinc (11.7%) > calcium (5.0%) > vitamin E (1.7%), vitamin $B_6$ (1.7%). Thus, findings of this study showed that subjects may potentially be at risk due to overuse of supplements, even though most of them took enough vitamins and minerals from their regular diet. Therefore, we should encourage adolescents to have sound health care habits through systematic and educational aspects.

• Journal of Korean Home Economics Education Association
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.215-231
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• 2018

Attitudes to the health and dietary life of teachers affect their students. The purpose of this study was to investigate dietary and education awareness, eating habits and dietary management competency of the preliminary teachers and teachers. Data was collected from 812 pre-service teachers and teachers in South Korea using a 5-Likert self-administrated questionnaire in October to December of 2017. Data was analyzed using factor analysis, reliability, one-way analysis of variance, and correlation. The results of this study are as follows. Dietary and education awareness was classified into dietary concern and dietary management stress. Eating habits composed of healthy eating habit and bad eating habit. Dietary management competency was sub-grouped into dietary knowledge, cooking, dietary sanitation and safety, and environment. The all factors of pre - service teachers and teachers showed a significant difference except for the environmental ability factor (p <0.01). All factors were significantly different according to the age and the number of meal preparation (p <0.05). The eating habits were not significantly differences from sex. The major and health condition showed significant differences except dietary management stress and cooking factors (p <0.01). The obesity index showed significant difference in the dietary concern, bad eating habits, and cooking factors (p <0.01). In conclusion, it was required to education and develop education materials that can help the STEAM education using the dietary area. The dietary education program for the pre - service teachers and the teachers should increase the number of participating in the meal preparation considering the difference according to the general characteristics, so that the dietary management competency and the healthy eating habits should be formed.

• Journal of Korean Home Economics Education Association
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.67-90
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• 2018

The purpose of this study was to develop and apply the practical problem-based teaching·learning process plan for 'interacting with neighbors' of home economics subject. The plan consisting of 3 lessons has been developed and implemented according to the ADDIE model. Various activity materials (7 student's activity sheets, 3 reading texts, 1 homework sheet, 3 sets of ppt, 6 videos, and 3 teacher's reading texts) as well as questionnaire were developed for the 3-session lessons. The plans were implemented by the researcher to 204 freshmen, 8 classes, of C middle school in Seoul during september, 2017. The result, of students' lower level of actual participation in interacting with neighbors comparing to their interests in, supported the need of this study. Students were satisfied with the whole 3-lessons in the aspects such as beneficial usage of the contents in their daily life and in building the sense of community, as well as adequacy of materials and activities. Students also reported that they would highly aware to the importance of interacting with neighbors and to practice the contents learned from the lessons in daily life at community. They had an opportunity to reflect one's own attitude to neighbors and recommended to teach it to other schools, too. It can be concluded that the teaching·learning process plan for 'interacting with neighbors' would raise students' housing values living together and attain the overall objective and achievement standards of 2015 home economics middle school curriculum.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.56-74
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• 1995

The authors applied ADDES-HV parent evaluation scale for the purpose of screening test to 538 2nd grade elementary school students from March 1994 to May. The results were as follows: There was no differences in scores of ADHD between schools. In comparing the male and female between three school students, male students showed signifieant high scores (p<0.05) than female students in the score of ADDES-HV subscale and total. There was no significant differences in ADDES-HV scale between male students and female students in both ADHD patients and normal controls. In reliability test for test and retest, the reliability coefficient was higher satisfatorily and that of inattention was 0.80, inpulsivity was 0.69, hyperactivity was 0.63 and the total score was 0.82. In reliability test by internal consistancy, the Cronbach ${\alpha}$ coefficient of patient group was 0.85(p<0.05) and that of normal control was 0.84(p<0.05). The Concurrent validity between ADDES-HV scale and DSM-III-R scale was 0.57(p<0.05) in ADHD patient group and 0.84(p<0.05) in normal control group. In discriminant validity test between ADHD patient group and normal control, the ADHD patient group showed higher score(p<0.05). The total disciminant capacity of the patient group in ADDES-HV scale was 94.44%. When we regard the cut off point as standard deviation 1.5, the male student was 80 score and the female student was 69 score. In this point of view, ADDES-HV scale was proved to be the useful screening test tool for ADHD research and showed higher reliability and validity in applying to Korean subjects.

• Korean Journal of Remote Sensing
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.27-43
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• 1992

The purpose of this study is to detect and evaluate the change of urban vegetation of Seoul during 1980s. Large areas covered with agricultural crops or forests were converted to residential and commercial areas, roads, schools, sports complexes, etc. There were also widespreas concerns on the deterioration of the quality of urban vegetation due to severe air pollution, overcrowding of nature parks, and idling of farm lands by land speculators. The image used for this study were MSS(Oct. 4, 1979) and TM(Apr. 26, 1990). The Green Vegetation Index of Kauth & Thomas(1976) was for the analysis. The GVI were resampled with 75$\times$75m grids and overlaid with the jurisdictional boundaries of 22 districts of Seoul. The results were reclassified to 6 classes, class 6 representing grids with the most vigorous vegetation or the best vegetation improvement in 1980s. The finding of this study can be summarized as follows : First, the most vigorous vigorous vegetation, in terms of GVI, of the 1979 image can be found at paddy fields located on alluvial near Han River. Broad-leaf forests located on hilly terrains have higher GVI than conifers located on the upper-parts of mountains. The average GVI of the northern part and southern part of Han River are 3.56 and 3.74, respectively. The main reason why the southern part has higher GVI is that there are more prime agricultural lands. Districts of Kangseo, Yangcheon, and Songpa have the highest percentage of grids of GVI class 6, and the percentages are 3.55 %, 3.47 %, and 2.69 %, respectively. Second, the most vigorous vegetation of the 1990 image can be found at the grass lands of the Yongsan golf club and the Sungsu horse racing track. The GVI of farm lands is lower than forest because most agricultural crops are at the early stage of growing season when the TM image was taken. The size of built-up area is much larger than of 1979. On the other hand, vegetation patches surrounded by developed area become smaller and have stronger contrast to surrounding area. The average GVI of the northern part and southern part of Han River are 3.57 and 3.51, respectively. The main reason why the southern part has lower GVI is the at more large-scale urban development projects were carried out in there during 1980s. Districts of Tobong, Nowon, and Seocho have the highest percentage of class 6, and the perecentages are 16.58 %, 10.14 %, and 8.50% respectively. Third, the change of urban vegetation in Seoul during 1980s are significant. Grids of GVI change classes 1 and 2, which represent severe vegetation loss, occupy 15.97% of Seoul. Three districts which lost the most vegetation are Yangcheon, Kangseo, and Songpa, where the percentages of GVI class 1 are 13.42%, 13.39% and 9.06%, respectively. The worst deterioration was mainly caused by residential developments. On the other hand, the vegetation of some part of Seoul improved in this period. Grids of GVI change classes 5 and 6 occupy 9.83 % of Seoul. Distircts of Jung, Yongsan, and Kangnam have the highest percentage of grids with GVI change classes 5 and 6, and their percentages are 22.31%, 19.17%, and 13.66%, respectively. The improvement of vegetation occurred in two areas. Forest vegetation is generally improving despite of concerns based on air pollution and heavy use by recreationists. Vegetation in open spaces established in riverside parks, large residential areas, and major public facilities are also improving.

• Review of Culture and Economy
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.141-173
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• 2018

In this article, we explore how artistic fame is formed by analyzing antecedents of fame the extent to which the name of an actor or his/her work is positively known by his/her audiences among Korean handicraft artists. Drawing on prior literature on reputation and fame, we clarify the differences between the concept of reputation and the concept of fame and further distinguish three types of reputation among individual artists, depending on its sources expert reputation, market reputation, and peer reputation. We employ the mixed method in this study, in which we first conducted open-end interviews with three kinds of constituents (i.e., critics, market intermediaries, and artists) and then developed and tested the hypotheses derived from the insights we had obtained from the interviews. We further considered the impact of reputational work, defined as the level of effort devoted and activities performed by an artist him(her)self geared toward promoting his(her) work, on artistic fame. We find that there are large differences in factors associated with artistic fame between non elite and elite Korean handicraft artist groups, where elite status is captured by artists' educational background (i.e., Seoul National University and Hongik University, which are considered elite schools in accordance with prior research). Specifically, findings suggest that among non elite status artists, recognition by experts, or what we call expert reputation, acquired through national awards and invitations from prominent exhibitions as well as artists' own reputational work that incurs high cost, such as self-financed exhibition openings, were shown to be highly significant factors associated with artistic fame, which was measured as the number of media exposures related to her/his art work. By contrast, among elite status artists, peer reputation acquired through an artist's institutional affiliations and relatively low cost artists' own reputational work, such as self listing on a highly publicized magazine, were shown to be significant factors associated with fame. Taken together, this paper contributes to research on cultural industries and markets by highlighting the importance of understanding artistic fame not just as the outcome of her/his talent but as the social product that arises at the intersection of actors (artists) and her/his audiences in the social evaluation process.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Child Welfare
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• no.36
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• pp.165-196
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• 2011

With the increasing concerns of victimization of school violence, this paper is intended to present a pioneering study on the victims' conscientization which may result from their own experience of school violence by peers. The predominant concern of the study consists in: (1) the direct effects of individuals' perception toward violence in general, non-assertiveness, school violence experience by peers, and prosocial behavioral tendency on the individual conscientization of school violence problems; (2) the indirect effects of both individual prosocial behavioral tendency and perceptions toward violence through non-assertiveness on individual conscientization of school violence problems;(3) the sexual differences of the five latent variables(perceptions toward violence in general, non-assertiveness, prosocial behavioral tendency, school violence experience by peers, and conscientization of school violence problems; (4) the sexual differences of both direct and indirect correlates on conscientization of school violence problems. Research is based on a survey conducted with 526 adolescents (268 males and 258 females) from 16 middle schools located in different districts of the city of Pohang. In order to address the research questions, structural equation models on adolescents' conscientization of school violence are explored. A variety of tests are conducted (configural invariance, metric invariance and structural invariance, intercept invariance, critical ratio for difference test, multi-group analysis, latent mean analysis including Cohen's effect test). The major findings of the study support the significance of both direct effects and indirect effects of the four latent factors(perceptions of violence in general, non-assertiveness, prosocial behavioral tendency, school violence experience by peers). The individual prosocial behavioral tendency has a positive mediating effect on the enhancement of individual conscientization toward school violence problems. However, we fail to find the direct positive effect of individual violence experience on the conscientization of school violence problems. In conclusion, a range of practical implications for social workers and other related professionals who are engaged in helping out the adolescents with school violence by peers are suggested based on the study findings.

• Journal of Korean Home Economics Education Association
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• v.33 no.1
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• pp.1-16
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• 2021

The purpose of this study was to investigate the needs of middle school students for the practical reasoning in a distance learning environment, to verify the needs differences based on the learner's personal characteristics, student-teacher interaction, and student-student interaction, and to investigate the relationships among student-teacher interaction, voluntary participation of students, and the students' perception of the extent to which practical reasoning is implemented in distance learning. For this purpose, 1,842 middle school students from seven schools in Gyeonggi, Daejeon, Chungbuk, and Sejong areas were surveyed online to investigate the importance of the practical reasoning questions and the how much practical reasoning is implemented in current distance learning. Among them, 1,095 responses were used for final analysis and descriptive statistics, independent sample t-test, one-way ANOVA, and path analysis were conducted. As a result of the study, first, middle school students acknowledged that the practical reasoning was important with the importance average 3.76. Based on the locus for focus model, the priorities of the needs in home economics class were examined, and the values and importance of the problem, and the ramification of the solution were considered to be of high priority. Second, characteristics of middle school students, student-teacher interaction and student-student interaction were found to have positive influence on needs for practical reasoning, while no difference were found by gender or voluntary participation in distance learning. Third, the voluntary participation of students and the student-teacher interaction in distance learning had a positive (+) significant effect on perceived implementation of practical reasoning, yet negative (-) significant effect on needs for practical reasoning.

• The Korean Journal of Vision Science
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.553-560
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• 2018

Purpose : To investigate a disposal method of disposing contact lenses and the recognition of environmental pollution by micro plastics which may be caused by the wrong disposal method of domestic contact lens wearers. Methods : Two hundred sixty one adults(124 males, 137 females, mean age $21.48{\pm}3.14years$) were participated in this study. They were given the questionnaire survey on contact lenses purchasing place, type of contact lenses, duration of wearing contact lenses, the disposal method of disposing contact lenses and the recognition of the occurrence of environmental pollution. Results : It appeared that eyeglass shop(50.0%) and contact lens shop(48.3%) were the main purchasing places, and the most common type of contact lenses were disposable lenses(38.5%) and daily wearing lenses(52.5%). On the duration of wearing contact lenses they answered more than 5 years(29.3%), less than 1 year (26.0%), less than 1 year to less than 3 years (26.0%), and on wearing a contact lens during a week they did 1-2 days (32.0%), 1 week (28.0%), 5-6 days (22.4%) and 3-4 days (17.6%). It was shown "no(78.3%)" and "yes(21.7%)" to the questionnaire of whether they received information or education about a disposal method at the place where the contact lens was purchased, and "no(87.5%)" and "yes(12.5%)" to the questionnaire of whether they received information or education from schools, public institutions or public media such as the internet. As for the disposal methods, landfill waste(45.6%), recycled garbage(29.6%), and drainage(16.8%) from the sink or toilet responded in order. Although men were more educated and informed about disposal than women (t=3.63189, p<0.00001), women were more aware of environmental pollution(t=2.44269, p=0.01605). Conclusion : In order to reduce the environmental pollution issue caused by the contact lens which does not decompose at the sewage treatment facility and become micro plastics, it is urgent to provide information about correct disposal methods after using contact lenses and to educate contact lens wearers.