• 대한정형외과학회지
• /
• 제55권2호
• /
• pp.117-126
• /
• 2020

슬관절의 퇴행성 관절염에서 슬관절 전치환술은 널리 시행되고 있고 그 빈도도 점점 증가되고 있다. 수술 후 일상생활로의 복귀, 근력 및 운동범위의 회복 등 기능 회복을 위한 노력이 이루어져야 하고 이는 환자 요인, 수술 술기 및 재활 등 다양한 관점에서 접근해야 한다. 환자의 연령이나 비만의 정도, 성별, 대퇴사두근의 근력 등이 수술 후 기능 회복에 영향을 줄 수 있고 환자의 기대치나 만족도 같은 정신적인 상태도 영향을 준다. 기능 회복을 위하여 수술 전부터 환자교육 및 통증 조절, 대퇴사두근 근력의 강화 같은 치료를 시행할 수 있다. 수술 후 냉찜질 및 압박, 경피적 전기 신경 자극 치료, 신경근육 전기 자극 치료, 저주파 저강도 자기장 치료, 대퇴사두근의 근력운동, 관절범위 운동과 같은 물리치료도 적용할 수 있다. 최근에는 수중에서 근력과 균형감각을 회복시키는 수 치료도 점점 시행되는 추세이다. 이런 기능 회복을 위한 치료들은 수술 후 단기적으로만 시행될게 아니라 장기적으로 꾸준히 시행되는 것이 중요하며 술자는 환자의 상태나, 순응도, 사회적, 심리적 상황 등을 고려하여 적절히 적용하여야 한다.

• 초등상담연구
• /
• 제6권1호
• /
• pp.141-169
• /
• 2007

One of the most common feelings in everyday life is anger. Anger plays an important role in activating emotional energy and increasing intolerance when confronted with hardships, frustration and improper treatments. And it provides us with controlling interpersonal behavior, organizing internal, physiological, psychological process and various adaptive functions. If anger is not properly expressed, it brings about offensive attitude, leading to not only physical impairment but also anxiety in interpersonal relations and maladaptive to everyday life. For elementary school students, frequent quarrels, abusive words and defiant attitude toward adults are also caused by students' anger. Therefore, students' anger is one of the most difficult problems to be dealt with not only psychologically but also in elementary schools. In this respect, after investigating frequently experienced anger- inducing situations and inventing anger-inducing situation questionnaire, we postulated specific situations changing irrational belief into rational one. Based on these situations, we accounted for how to cope with anger inducing factors and change irrational belief into rational one, introducing several strategies needed to control anger, invented cognitive behavioral anger control program and tried to clarify the relationship between anger inducing experience and anger regulation ability. In order to derive usual anger-inducing situations, we made 180 students with fifth and sixth grade to record the reason why he/she got angry, mood, thought, behavior and result. Through this process, we could derive 47 situations bringing about anger and prepared anger-inducing situation questionnaire. It can be divided into 3 anger inducing situations by using factor analysis into 500 elementary students of fifth and sixth grade. Cognitive behavioral anger control program used in this study consists of 13 sessions. From first to fifth session, it is composed of 10 anger control methods to make students be aware of and control their anger. From sixth through thirteenth session, the relationship between irrational belief and anger inducing is introduced is focused on how irrational belief is changed into rational one. To examine the effects of the program, high anger students and the students lacking anger control are selected. Thirty students through pre-test using anger-inducing questionnaire and anger control ability questionnaire are taught the goals and procedures. Volunteer students and students with parents' consent allocated to experimental group (12 students) and the rest of the students are control group (12 students). Cognitive Behavioral Anger Control Program are applied every 50 minutes twice a week for 7 weeks and 4 weeks before and after this program, anger-inducing situation questionnaire and anger control ability questionnaire are practiced. Data collected in this study analyzed by SPSS and Kwakstat. In the middle of this program, quarterly reports and satisfaction measuratings were evaluated to examine whether there is verbal and non-verbal behavior change and students feel satisfied with the program. The results of this study are as follows: First, Cognitive-behavioral anger control program used in this study effectively reduced anger experience and lasted for 4 weeks. Second, cognitive behavioral anger control program increased students' ability to control anger inducing situations and also effective for 4 weeks. And its effect on verbal and non-verbal behaviour was very impressive Students come to realize that irrational belief is the cause of their anger and actively apply cognitive-behavioral anger control technique to themselves as well. Students became improved in their peer relations and felt confident in everyday life. The overall evaluation of this program can be listed as follows; "very satisfactory (91.67%)", "satisfactory (8.33%)", "very helpful (91.67%)", "helpful (8.33%). In this study we first investigated several anger-inducing situations and invented anger-inducing situation questionnaire and then applied cognitive behavioral anger control program in order to control their. anger and not to experience it. By creating workbooks and manuals this method can easily be used in school education settings.

• 한국학교ㆍ지역보건교육학회지
• /
• 제3권
• /
• pp.59-78
• /
• 2002

The purpose of this study was based on students in high school to find out how interest eating and controlling weight on normal time by sex to let them get a better sense's of view on weight controlling so they can get healthy, and healthy school life and concentrate on studying, As a result of analyzing the data collected for the subject of high school students, the conclusions were as follows; First, out of 325 students, 44.6% were male students, and 179 were female students, Compared to the BMI, normal mass were 50.8%, which were 165 students, less weighted were 39.7%, which were 129 students, and over weighted were 9.5%, which were 31 student. Also average height for male students were 173.8 cm, for female students were 161.5 cm, average weight were 67.2 kg for male students, and for female students were 53.2kg. Using BMI analysing the results and the male students had an average of 22.2%, and the female students had an average of 20.3%, so male students were a little higher than the female students. Second, the interest rate for weight control were 82.2%, that's 267 students for, 'interested' and 7.8%, which were 58 student for 'not interested', so most students were interested, in controlling weight. Interest rate were 83.6% for male students, 81.0% were female students. BMI told that group of less weighted were 82.9%, group of normal were 79.4% and group of over weighted were 93.5%. The rate were all high not relating to BMI. Third, compared to the past, more people said 'normal'(41.3%), people who said 'a little fat'(36.3%) decreased, but they still think they are fat even though they are not, also when they are less weighted they still think they are fat. Fourth, for 'weight control, and food' both male and female said they were related, and for 'weight control and exercising' they also said they were related, but more male said that they were related, However for relations between' controlling weight and school's physical education class' the answers were usually disagree. Fifth, for the 'satisfaction of their present weight', both BMI and the students answered and this results were mostly same as the past result, so most students prefer to lose weight. Also, both male and female think that the reason they have this weight now is, because of 'the amount of exercises' and 'the amount of food they eat', so they find that it's related to each other. Sixth, for the experience on weight control, both male and female had experiences, and they answered 'exercising and food treatment' is the good way to control weight. Also for 'the reason they started to control there weight', both male and female answered, 'they thought there weight were not normal'. Seventh, 'Do you pick on food to control weight?' and 'Do you feel nervous before you eat?' and for last 'control of drinking water' the answer was all different, and both male and female answered negatively. Eighth, time wasted on exercising per day, for less than 30 minute were 81.5%, the form of exercises that students did were 'not much or walking on the way to school and way to home'. Usually for their free time, male students spend on exercising however female student did not. Also both female and male students showed that they like to exercise, but majority of female student disliked to exercise. To everyone's point of view 'like'(32.9%), 'like a lot'(20.9%), so everyone agrees. The knowledge information on controlling weight, they answered, usually found from commercials, newspaper or magazines and from parents or friend. From the past many high school students wanted to control their weight, so there should had been a good education on this, however there wasn't any of those education and still it doesn't exist. Also most school's education are arranged to entrance pressure so they have a lot of knowledge and informations to it, but for real they don't have any activity or actions on it. Through this research, we felt that, we should correct students with wrong understanding on controlling weight and wrong knowledge. Also we suggest to make an activity program for this.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
• /
• 제16권4호
• /
• pp.90-114
• /
• 2004

This study was conducted to examine the influence and effect of muscle enforcement program on Activity of daily living(ADL) improvement and posture balance of the old, and to provide more effective muscle enforcement program and educational data. The muscle enforcement exercise program was performed on the old(institution, 16 men, 10 women) for 8 weeks from April 22, 2002 through June 17,2002. Programed Exercise 1 - Exercise 10 were practised 8 times per program for 3 days a week. The load of exercise was increased per two weeks. The methods of measurement were questionnaire, Indiana 47903(action-response analysis machine) and Sample exercise protocol for KAT 2000(balance training device). SAS/PC statistic analysis was used for data analysis. T-test was used for analysis of change before and after exercise in this study. The summary and conclusions are as follows. 1. On subjectively recognized health states, the healthy were $42.3\%$. On the satisfaction with health states, the satisfied were $50.0\%$. On the factors of effects on daily-life behavior performance, the group who had troubles was $50\%$ and the group who was so and so was $34.6\%$ compared with the old of the same age. On prospect about health states in the future, the group who would be better was $38.\%$. On effective methods for problem solving, exercise was $42.3\%.\;88.5\%$ of respondents answered the need of health care. The participation intention in health program was $92.3\%$. 2. On the change of psychological emotion and behavior aspects, the group who had repeated complaints or anxieties and reduced activities or interests was effective(P<0.01). 3. On the improvement effects of IADL difficulties, the group who had difficulties in doing daily-life indoors was improved effectively compared with before and after exercise(P<0.01). On medication management, the effects of improvement after exercise were high compared with before exercise(P<0.01), the effects of improvement was high on the whole. 4. On the effects of ADL function improvement, putting on upper clothing and lower clothing was improved effectively(P<0.05), toilet use and individual sanitation was improved effectively(P<0.05). 5. On the effects of action-response, the results of 8weeks regular exercise program were not different significantly compared with before and after exercise. The behavior quickness of the old by muscle enforcement program was not increased. This means that the old needs much time for exercise sense training because of the regression of cognition sense. 6. In the effect of posture balance, the whole grades were effective from 1272.69 before excercise to 476.92 after exercise(P<0.01). Especially right balance 657.65 was lowered to 208.57 after exercise most effectively(P<0.01). Rear balance 776.34 before exercise was lowered to 136.65 after exercise. The results of measurement were significant(P<0.05).

• 동아시아식생활학회지
• /
• 제19권3호
• /
• pp.444-450
• /
• 2009

This study examined the preferred salinity levels of soups by different demographic groups in order to establish desirable serving conditions for soups with respect to customer satisfaction and health. The salinity levels were measured in August and November to determine seasonal variations using a digital salinity measuring device. Four demographic groups totaling 1,723 individuals were surveyed from institutional foodservice establishments (IFEs) in elementary schools (ES: male 202/female 194), middle-high schools (MHS: 268/216), universities (UNIV: 208/238), and companies (COM: 182/215) in Seoul. Various thin or thick soups typically offered in foodservice establishments were served salty (1.2%) and less salty (0.4%) at $55{\pm}2^{\circ}C$ in a 50 mL portion. The preferred salinities of the soups were found to be 0.71%, 0.79%, 0.76%, and 0.74% for ES, MHS, UNIV, and COM, respectively. Men had 0.02~0.08% higher preferences than women in ES, MHS and UNIV. The customers also preferred higher salinity levels in November than in August, and in thick soups than in thin soups. The salinities preferred by school children were significantly (p<0.01) lower than those of soups by the IFEs. A similar observation was made for MHS, in which each IFE served the soups with significantly (p<0.01) higher salinities than those preferred by the students. Again, at two COM IFEs, the salinities of the soups served were significantly higher than those preferred by the customers. However, for one of UNIV, the salinity of the served soup was significantly (p<0.05) higher than that preferred by the students, while in the two other UNIV no significant differences were noted between the salinity of the served soup and the level preferred by customers. The surveys showed that 9 out of 12 IFEs served soups having salinities that were significantly higher than those preferred by customers. In particular, regardless of preference, the MHS group was served soups with higher salinity levels than the other demographic groups. The salinities of the soups provided by the IFEs were unnecessarily high for the levels preferred by the customers. Therefore, IFEs should make an effort to serve soups that are less salty soups to enhance public health.

• 한국가정과교육학회지
• /
• 제29권4호
• /
• pp.117-131
• /
• 2017

본 연구는 충남 공주지역 중학교에 재학 중인 1~3학년 남녀 학생 364명을 대상으로 중학교 현행 가정교과서의 우유 교육 내용을 분석하고 우유 유제품 관련 섭취 실태, 소비행동, 인식 및 영양지식을 조사함으로써 가정교과서의 우유 내용이 우유를 바르게 섭취하도록 돕고 중학생의 우유 섭취 향상을 위한 기초자료를 제공하고자 실시하였다. 현재 중학교에서 적용 중인 가정교과서의 우유 교육 내용은 우유의 영양성분, 식단작성을 위한 우유 유제품 섭취 방법, 선택과 보관방법에 대한 일반적 내용이어서 청소년의 우유 유제품 소비 실태를 반영하지 못하는 것으로 파악되었다. 조사대상자에서 우유 권장수준인 하루에 2컵을 충족하는 비율은 30.5%뿐이었으며 성별에 따른 차이가 없이 전체적으로 우유 섭취량이 낮았다. 우유를 마시는 주된 이유는 '키 크게 하려고'가 가장 많았고, 그 다음으로 '갈증을 해소하려고', '맛이 있어서'가 많았으며 성별에 따른 차이가 있었다(p<0.01). 우유를 마시는 방법은 우유만 마신다는 비율이 66.8%로 높았으나 그 외에 시리얼이나, 제티 등을 섞어 마시고 있었으며 성별에 따른 차이가 있었다(p<0.05). 학교우유급식에 참여하지 않는 비율이 23.1%이었으며, 만족하는 비율은 58.9%로 높지 않았다. 유제품 중 가장 즐겨 먹는 것은 아이스크림이었고 그 다음으로 요구르트, 치즈로 나타났다. 우유 선택시 '맛', '유통기한'을 중시하였고 '영양'을 중시하는 비율은 낮았으며 성별에 따른 차이는 없었다. 우유 유제품 소비촉진을 위해 '더 엄격한 위생관리'를 원하는 비율이 가장 높았고, 이어서 '맛의 개선', '제품 종류의 다양화' 등이 높았으며 성별에 따른 차이가 있었다(p<0.05). 좋아하는 우유 용기는 종이팩이 59.3%로 높았고 그 다음이 플라스틱병, 유리병이 높았으며 성별에 따른 차이가 있었다(p<0.001). K-MILK 인증마크를 안다는 비율은 28.8%뿐으로 낮았다. 그 의미를 '국내산 우유사용'으로 알고 있는 비율이 높았으며 성별에 따른 차이는 없었다. 중학교 가정교과에서 우유 관련해 원하는 수업방법은 목장체험 등 체험학습이 가장 높았고 그 다음으로 실험실습, 강의식 등으로 나타났으며 성별에 따른 차이가 있었다(p<0.001). 우유 유제품에 대한 인식은 보통 정도이었으며 남자가 여자보다 긍정적이었다(p<0.01). 우유 유제품에 대한 영양지식은 양호한 수준이었으며 여자가 남자보다 높았다(p<0.01). 따라서 중등학교 가정교과서의 우유 교육 내용을 청소년의 소비 흐름을 고려해 구성하고 실생활 중심의 학습이 될 수 있도록 돕는 수업방법을 적용함으로써 청소년의 바른 우유 유제품 이용으로 연결되도록 지원하는 것이 필요하다고 하겠다. 또한 설문 조사 결과 우유 섭취량을 늘리는 것이 시급하였으며 이를 위해 우유 맛의 개선, 우유와 동반간식을 제공하는 다양한 상품 개발, 우유 용기 및 용량 개선, 우유 섭취에 기여도가 높은 학교우유급식의 참여 제고를 위한 독려 및 선호도 높은 우유 유제품의 병행 제공 등이 필요하다고 하겠다.

• 한국보육지원학회지
• /
• 제7권4호
• /
• pp.183-203
• /
• 2011

본 연구는 유아기 자녀를 둔 어머니를 대상으로 사회인구학적인 배경에 따른 심리적 복지감, 가족건강성이 유아의 자아탄력성에 미치는 영향을 알아보고 이러한 결과를 토대로 유아의 자아탄력성 증진을 위한 가족지원 프로그램 개발에 유용한 기초자료를 제공하는데 그 목적이 있다. 이를 위한 연구대상은 서울시와 경기도에 소재하는 사립유치원에 재원중인 만 5세 유아 250명과 그 어머니를 대상으로 하였다. 연구결과는 첫째, 자아탄력성에서 고졸 이하의 학력인 어머니보다 전문대졸 이상의 학력인 어머니의 삶의 만족감과 가족원 간의 유대 및 가족의 가치체계공유가 유의미하게 높게 나타났으나, 자신감 및 쾌활감은 고졸 이하의 학력인 어머니를 둔 유아가 전문대졸 이상의 학력인 어머니를 둔 유아보다 유의미하게 높게 나타났다. 또한, 어머니의 심리적 복지감과 가족건강성의 하위변인에서 유의미한 차이가 나타났다. 둘째, 어머니의 심리적 복지감, 가족건강성, 자아탄력성은 부분적으로 상관관계가 나타났다. 셋째, 사회 인구학적 변인, 어머니의 심리적 복지감, 가족건강성이 유아의 자아탄력성에 미치는 영향을 분석한 결과, 어머니의 심리적 안녕감이 유아의 자아탄력성에 영향을 주는 주요 변인으로 나타났다.

• 대한지역사회영양학회지
• /
• 제22권3호
• /
• pp.248-258
• /
• 2017

Objectives: The purpose of the study was to develop a series of education materials as a card news format to provide nutrition information for pregnant and lactating women. Methods: The materials were developed in seven steps. As a first step, the needs of pregnant and lactating women were assessed by reviewing scientific papers and existing education materials, and by interviewing a focus group. The second step was to construct main categories and the topics of information. In step 3, a draft of the contents in each topic was developed based on the scientific evidence. In step 4, a draft of card news was created by editors and designers by editing the text and embedding images in the card news. In step 5, the text, images and sequences were reviewed to improve readability by the members of the project team and nutrition experts. In step 6, parts of the text or images or the sequences of the card news were revised based on the reviews. In step 7, the card news were finalized and released online to the public. Results: A series of 26 card news for pregnant and lactating women were developed. The series covered five categories such as nutrition management, healthy food choices, food safety, favorites to avoid, nutrition management in special conditions for pregnant and lactating women. The satisfaction of 7 topics of the card news was evaluated by 140 pregnant women, and more than 70% of the women were satisfied with the materials. Conclusions: The card news format materials developed in this study are innovative nutrition education tools, and can be downloaded on the homepage of the Ministry of Food and Drug Safety. Those materials can be easily shared in social media by nutrition educators or by pregnant and lactating women to use.

• 대한예방한의학회지
• /
• 제10권2호
• /
• pp.81-93
• /
• 2006

This study was carried out to examine the actual condition of health promotion program through oriental medicine in the health center and to provide basic data to develop proper policy of oriental medical health promotion program for the community people. The data were collected from 26 health centers which have been implementing the oriental medical health promotion program, using selfadministered questionnaire for two weeks from 1 October to 15 October 2006. The results are as follows : Generally, the respondents have the positive views on the level of budget and facilities/equipments of the oriental medical health promotion program in health center. However, they have the negative views on the level of manpower and education/training of the program. And also more than 70% of the respondents have the negative opinion on capabilities of formulating and evaluating the oriental medical health promotion program. The respondents indicated that there was the lack of coordination between the oriental medical health promotion program and existing health promotion in health center, and that low rate of utilizing community resources. With regard to the method of selecting the target group for the program, there are differences according to the each program. Many programs tended to select the target group not through the criteria of life-course and illness group but through the efficiency of selecting group. And many programs such as stroke prevention program, constitutional medicine program, oriental medical prenatal program, oriental medical prenatal and postnatal program, oriental medical child care program are mainly composed of the development of educational program and lecture. Regarding the number of the present oriental medical health promotion programs, around 65% of respondents answered that the number of the programs was many and thus they needed to decrease to the proper level. And with regard to the priority of the need, effectiveness and the satisfaction for each programs, on the whole, Qui gong program, stroke prevention program, area-specialty program and oriental medical home visiting program have high score. In particular, oriental medical quit-smoking program has lowest score. From these results, it requires to develop and improve the oriental medical health promotion program in health center considering the need and characteristics of community.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
• /
• 제11권6호
• /
• pp.2169-2177
• /
• 2010

본 연구는 공무원들의 스트레스나 피로수준과 같은 사회심리적 건강상태가 그들의 직급, 근무경력 등의 직업관련 특성이나 업무요구도, 업무자율성, 직장 내에서의 사회적 지지와 같은 직무스트레스 내용에 의해 영향을 받고 있는지를 구조방정식모형을 통하여 검토하고자 시도하였다. 연구대상은 대전광역시의 5개 정부 공공기관에 근무하는 일반 사무직 행정공무원 805명이었으며, 자료 수집은 2009년 10월 1일부터 11월 30일까지의 기간 동안에 표준화된 자기기입식 설문지(self-administered questionnaire)를 사용하여 실시하였다. 연구결과, 공무원들의 스트레스 및 피로수준은 직급, 근무경력, 업무만족도, 업무자율성, 상사의 지지도 및 동료의 지지도와는 유의한 음의 상관관계를 나타낸 반면, 년 간 결근일수, 업무요구도와는 유의한 양의 상관관계를 나타내었다. 구조방정식모형 분석 결과 연구대상자들의 직무스트레스 요인은 직업관련 특성 요인보다 사회심리적 건강상태에 더 큰 영향을 미쳤으며, 직무스트레스가 높을수록 사회심리적 건강상태를 나타내는 스트레스와 피로수준을 높여주는 것으로 나타났다. 한편, 직업관련 특성의 인지정도가 높을수록 직무스트레스 요인을 감소시키는 효과가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 따라서 공무원들의 스트레스나 피로를 감소시키기기 위해서는 직업관련 특성에 따른 직무내용의 개선을 위한 프로그램의 개발 및 시행이 필요할 것으로 생각된다.