• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• 제34권1호
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• pp.69-79
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• 2009

본 연구의 목적은 근관치료 된 치아를 구조와 물성이 다른 post와 core 그리고 전장관으로 수복한 후 과도한 교합하중을 가했을 때 치아에 나타나는 응력분포를 조사하기 위함이다. 발치 된 상악 제2소구치를 micro-CT로 단층촬영하고 3D Doctor로 윤곽선을 추출한 다음 HyperMesh Ver. 6으로 삼차원 치아모형을 만들고 다음과 같은 세 가지 방법으로 수복한 유한요소모형을 제작하였다. 1) 스테인레스 스틸 포스트와 복합레진 코어 그리고 도재소부전장금관으로 수복한 모형. 2) fiber 포스트와 복합레진 코어 그리고 전부도재관으로 수복한 모형 3) 포스트, 코어와 전장관이 일체형인 간접복합레진 EndoCrown으로 수복한 모형 형성된 모형의 협측 또는 설측교두에 500N의 하중을 가하였으며 하중의 방향은 치아 장축에 대해 45도 이었다. 치관부와 치근부의 von Mises 응력을 ANSYS 9.0프로그램으로 분석한 결과 포스트와 코어의 형태보다는 전장관 재료의 탄성 계수가 근관치료된 상악 소구치의 응력분포를 좌우하였다. 치관부에서는 재료의 탄성계수가 높은 전 장관으로 수복한 모형이 낮은 응력분포를 보였다. 치근부에서는 재료의 탄성계수가 낮은 전 장관으로 수복한 모형 이 낮은 응력분포를 보였다.

• 대한치과교정학회지
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• 제36권6호
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• pp.442-450
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• 2006

환자가 의료기관을 선택할 때 작용하는 요인은 매우 다양하며 이에 대한 많은 연구들이 있었으나 대부분 외부적인 요인에 대한 연구가 많았고 의료기관 선택 시 환자의 정신-심리학적인 면에 대한 정보 부족한 실정이다. 이에 본 연구에서는 비교적 선택진료(elective treatment)의 측면이 많은 교정치료를 받기 위해 치과의원과 대학치과병원에 내원한 환자들이 의료기관을 선택하는 여러 요인들 중 정신-심리학적 요인을 알아보기 위해 인간의 행동을 예측하는데 유용하다고 알려진 통제소재(Locus of control)검사를 이용하였다. 교정치료를 목적으로 서울대학교 치과병원에 내원한 환자 934명 및 치과의원에 내원한 환자 1466명을 대상으로 내외통제소재검사를 시행한 결과 대학치과병원 교정환자들이 치과의원 교정환자에 비하여 외적통제 경향이 높았으며 이러한 결과에 비추어 대학치과병원 교정환자들이 치과의원 교정환자들에 비해 의료진의 권위에 의존하는 정신-심리학적 경향이 존재하는 것으로 나타났다.

• 간호행정학회지
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.195-209
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• 2000

The purpose of this study is to estimate the population requiring nursing home services among elderly people in Korea. This study identifies the need of nursing home services determined by health care professionals and estimates the proportion of elderly people requiring nursing home service according to the admission criteria. Surveys were conducted on health care professionals including medical doctors, home care nurses, and nurse practitioners. They were asked to assess nursing home need based on four content areas: Physical function (Activities of Daily Living), chronic disease, Physical symptoms (incontinence), mobility, eating, and sensory function. Based on the professionally determined need criteria the proportion of elderly people requiring nursing home services was estimated using secondary data from the 1994 Survey on the Living Status of the Korean Elderly. The number of study subjects to estimate nursing home need who were 60 and older totaled 2,058. The most important factor contributing to the admission eligibility criteria was the elderly living alone. Other factors related were the elderly being unable or having difficulty carrying out activities, and having insufficient help from other our activities, and having insufficient help from other members of the household. Using only physical function, the proportion of elderly people requiring nursing home was $8{\sim}9%$. When only chronic disease was used, proportions varied widely; for the doctor's group, the proportion was over 30%. Using all areas, the proportions of elderly people requiring nursing home were between 13% and 38%. The estimate using chronic disease and physical function was similar to the on using all areas.

• 동서간호학연구지
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.39-49
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• 1998

The purpose of this research is to provide basic data for the demanding outlook and the Nursing education by grasping the present educational conditions of nursing in oriental medicine. The results of survey and study on 112 nationwide schools (47 Department of nursing and 65 Nursing junior colleges) and data of the Korean Oriental Medicine Association and General Assembly in Sep. 1998 are as follows. 1. The number of nurse Oriental Medicine hospitals require in 2002 will have increased at least 700 or more. Public health centers' and other centers' requirements will increase more and more. 2. Education of nursing in oriental medicine is offered at practice in 14 universities (29.8%) among 47 Universities and 35 colleges (53.8%) among 65 colleges. 3. Nursing education in Oriental Medicine is mostly offered in the first term of the second year at universities with 5 to 10 points, and the second term of the third year at colleges with 2 points. According to this result, we would like to suggest as follows; A nurse whose main interesting subject is human beings will be an important figure as a medical information administrator in 21 century, namely, a nurse will play the leading part in the hospital administration more than a doctor. We must take much more interest arid exert ourselves in developing education of nursing in oriental medicine because in the future it will be the one and only field in the world, so we can export our Nursing manpower.

• 임상간호연구
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.10-22
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• 2018

Purpose: This study was performed to establish the role and to analyze the job of MFICU (Maternal Fetal Intensive Care Unit) nurses using DACUM (Developing a curriculum). Methods: A DACUM workshop was held to define MFICU nurses' role and identify their duties and tasks. A DACUM committee was consisted of 7 nurses, 2 nursing professors and 1 medical doctor and as a result, a survey was developed which contained duties and tasks of MFICU nurse. Pre-test was carried out for the validity, finally collected the data from 97 nurses who worked at 7 MFICU and 10 delivery room. Results: A total of 60 duties, 115 tasks and 822 elements of tasks were defined on the DACUM chart and survey. The importance, frequency and difficulty of the tasks were presented the determinant coefficient (DC), the highest DC duty was 'Manage maternal ventilator' (15.09) and the lowest DC was 'Provide nursing care for leisure to gestation extension mother' (6.52). Twenty-eight tasks were differentiated between MFICU and delivery nurses significantly. And the most important, frequently, difficulty task perceived by MFICU nurse was 'Check fetal heartbeat with electronic fetal heart monitor'. Conclusion: The organized educational program and policy was needed to develop for MFICU nurses.

• 대한가정학회지
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• 제11권4호
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• pp.414-423
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• 1973

Before the modern education was introduced in Korea men had the opportunity to be educated. Women's education was limited to a small number of girls belonging to ruling class. It was the men who got a job to earn the money for the family. The customary law prohibited women from being employed. They were to stay at home engaged in household affairs. This phenomenon has undergone a change when modern education was adopted which gave women the equal opportunity in education. The modernization of the country required a lot of educated and skilled labour. Since 1945 when Korea was liberated from the Japanese colonial administration the modernization programme has been worked out in every field such as industry, education, culture and politics, etc. The traditional grand family was transformed to nuclear family. The migration took place from country to town. With the adoption of compulsory education in the primary school the schoolgirls are increased in great number. The number of girls has been increased every year in Middle Schools, High schools and Universities. Even if boys still outnumber girls in all education institutions, the rate of increase of girl students are higher than that of boy students. Accordingly women are given more opportunity than ever for the employment vis-a-vis men. The number of employed women has been increasing greatly in recent years inproportion to the acceleration of industrialization. The type of their job is also various and colorful ranging from factory worker to doctor and lawyer. There are some problems to be solved with respect to the improvement of women's education. The improved women's education should be reviewed light of the fact that inequality still exists between men and women in occupation and wages, and that women is required of good education contributable to the better Korean society.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.97-104
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• 1972

This study was designed to investigate differences in some aspects of value conceptions in fundamentals of nursing functions between nursing service personnel and nurse-educators. The purpose of the study was to identify the difference of value conceptions between the hospital nurses and school instructors, to contribute as a reference in strengthening the educational program in establishing nay hinder professional growth. The questionaries of this study were focused in the following aspects: 1) establishment of nursing service management system, 2) strengthening of the professionalization of nursing service, 3) hindrance in accomplishment of independent nursing functions, 4) communication skills in nurse-patient relationship, 5) activities directly related to nursing care planning, 6) communication skills in nurse-doctor relationship, 7) attitude towards taking responsibilities for patient- centered nursing approach, and 8) nursing educational approach towards preparation of professional competence in practicing independent nursing functions. 265 graduate nurses from 14 general hospitals and 88 nursing instructors from 18 schools, collegiate and diploma, were sampled. The main findings of the study were as follows; 1. Both groups responded highly in the lack of public recognition of nursing profession and hospital administrators support in establishment of nursing service management system. Further investigation is needed to define some relationship between the intrinsic and extrinsic factors which might give influence to the professional development. 2. while hospital nursing personnel responded on environmental pressure such as a heavy nursing load as the factor giving hindrance to independent nursing functions, the nurse educators responded highly on lack of nursing competence of individual nurses. An emphasis should be placed on the development of nursing interaction through professional education. If the professional model is not well established, nursing function will be limited to medical assistance. 3. 3. The patient-centered approach for nurse-patient communication had given positive respond for both group, tut lacks in team concept in problem solving process. There exist a social distance between nurses and other professional co-workers in the hospital hierarchy. 4. It was indicated that, as an intrinsic factor in the development of nursing service and nursing education, building up a philosophical basis is an utmost importance. This question is opened for further and extensive study to clarify whether existence of philosophical absence or philosophical stasis in nursing profession hinders the development.

• 간호행정학회지
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.115-124
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• 1996

This study was to analyze role conception and job satisfaction of clinical nurses by using questionnaire as designed by Corwin and Paula. For this study questionnaires from 422 nurses working at three university hospitals in Seoul were collected during September 11 to 24, 1995. Statistical analyses were done by the SPSS. The techniques used in this study inclued Chi-square test, Pearson correlation coefficients, t-test, ANOVA. For the reliability of the questionnaire, the Cronbach's alpha coefficient was calculated. The results of this study are as follows: 1. Role conception of the subjects Five Likert scale variables were used to measure role conception including professional aspect, task aspect, and bureaucratic aspect. The variables measured and their means are as follows; Total mean score for role conception was 4.2. Role conception from professional aspect(4.29); task aspect(4.18): bureaucratic aspect(4.09). 2. Job satisfaction of the subjects Five Likert scale variables were used to measure job satisfaction. The variables measured and their means are as follows; Total mean score for job satisfaction was 2.98. Job satisfaction from interaction (3.49): professinal status(3.19): autonomy(3.17): nurse-doctor relationship(2.90): task requirement(2.82): administration(2.32): salary (2.12). 3. The relationship between general characteristics and role conception. There were statistically significant differences in age(F=5.465, p<.000). merrital status(t=-2.70, p<.007), education(F=3.252, p<.022), work department(F=4.186, p<.003), work experience(F=4.457, p<.001), job position(F=8.141, p<.000). 4. The relationship between general characteristics and job satisfaction There were statistically significant difference In education(F=4.043, p<.003), work department(F=4.218, p<.002). job position(F=8.141, p<.000). 5. The correlation between role conception and job satisfaction It showed positive correlation that there was increased role conception, there was increased job satisfaction(r=.3092, p<.001). There were positive correlation in bureaucratic aspect, task aspect, and professional aspect in order.

• 대한기계학회논문집 C: 기술과 교육
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• 제2권2호
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• pp.73-80
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• 2014

상기도 내의 약물 전달을 알아보기 위하여 구강 호흡 시 공기유동에 대한 수치해석을 수행하였다. 상기도는 구강과 후두, 기관과 기관지로 구성되어 있다. 정밀 촬영한 CT 데이터로부터 의료영상 소프트웨어(Mimics)를 이용한 구분(segmentation)과 세심한 표면처리를 통하여 해부학적으로 정확한 모델을 만들 수 있었다. 이 3차원 컴퓨터 모델을 이용하여, 구강에서 기관지의 2번째 분지까지 이르는 유로의 수치 모델을 제작하였다. 수치해석은 상용 소프트웨어인 ANSYS/Fluent를 이용하여 계산하였다. 본 연구에 사용된 모델은 노즐이 부착되지 않은 상태에서 초당 250 mL를 흡입하는 정상 구강호흡 모델과 입구에 각각 20 mL/s, 40 mL/s, 60 mL/s의 유량을 갖는 노즐을 장착한 모델을 사용하였다. 전산 유동가시화 결과로부터, 노즐의 유량을 증가시킬수록 선회류의 발생 정도가 증가하여 구강 내 약물의 잔류 량은 증가하지만, 기관/기관지에 약물 도표는 균일하게 나타났다.

• Korean Journal of Acupuncture
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• 제28권3호
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• pp.141-150
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• 2011

Objectives : The aims of this study were to evaluate a blister caused by cupping. Methods : We searched relevant case reports, survey, and review articles using databases of online bibliography. Results : 1. The fluid in the blister caused by cupping therapy is normal substance by laboratory analysis. The fluid has no signs of infection in the culture, Gram stain, or tissue biopsy 2. In histological finding, the blister caused by cupping therapy is made by dermo-epidermal seperation at subcellular level. Suction blistering was neither inflammatory nor autolysis activation of lysosomal hydrolases. 3. Blistering times directly, related to suction pressure. Suction blister formation time is accelerated in older subjects compared with younger individuals and higher temperature was more susceptable to the blister compared with lower temperature. The flexor aspect of forearm is a easy site for suction blister formation compared with leg and abdominal site. 4. Blister caused by cupping therapy is treated by regular and judicious changes of sterile dressing over several weeks. The vesicles healed well and left no visible scar. Conclusions : Blister caused by cupping therapy is artificially controlled by doctor's therapeutic purpose. Blister is not histologically injurious to health and the blister is a natural concomitant after cupping therapy.