• 한국분무공학회지
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.89-96
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• 2019

This article gives an overview of spray measurement technique were reviewed and suggestions. Spray formation mechanism is the most intellectually challenging and practically important topics in fluid mechanics. Methods for analysis of existing spray development have been developed in various ways, but if there is no support for relatively sufficient equipment, there are limitations to analysis. The newly measured and analyzed method may exceed the threshold for preparation of analysis and, as the results of two-dimensional individual analysis are aggregated and analyzed in three dimensions by a combination of analysis methods, the method is considered a relatively accurate analysis method that analysis.

• 대한기계학회논문집B
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• 제20권12호
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• pp.3980-3990
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• 1996

When a moist air is rapidly expanded in a supersonic nozzle, nonequilibrium condensation occurs at a supersaturation state. Condensation shock wave appears in the nozzle flow if the releasing latent heat due to condensation goes beyond a critical value. It has been known that self-excited oscillations of the condensation shock wave generate in an air or a steam nozzle flow with a large humidity. In the present study, the passive control technique using porous wall with a cavity underneath was applied to the condensation shock wave. The effects of the passive control on the steady and self-excited condensation shock waves were experimentally investigated by Schlieren visualization and static pressure measurements. The result shows that the present passive control is a useful technique to suppress the self-excited oscillations of condensation shock wave.

• 한국자동차공학회논문집
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• 제9권4호
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• pp.1-9
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• 2001

The soot yield has been studied by a premixed propane-oxygen-inert gas combustion in a specially designed disk-type constant-volume combustion chamber to investigate the effects of pressure, temperature and turbulence on soot formation. Premixtures are simultaneously ignited by eight spark plugs located on the circumference of chamber at 45 degree intervals in order to observe the soot formation under high pressures. The eight flames converged compress the end gases to a high pressure. The laser schlieren and direct flame photographs for observation field with 10 mm in diameter are taken to examine into the behaviors of flame front and gas flow in laminar and turbulent combustion. The soot volume fraction in the chamber center during the final stage of combustion at the highest pressure is measured by the in situ laser extinction technique and simultaneously the corresponding burnt gas temperature by the two-color pyrometry method. The pressure and temperature during soot formation are changed by varying the initial charge pressure and the volume fraction of inert gas compositions, respectively. It is found that the soot yield increases with dropping temperature and rising pressure at constant equivalence ratio, and that the soot yield of turbulent combustion decreases in comparison with that of laminar combustion because the burnt gas temperature increases with the drop of heat loss.

• 한국추진공학회지
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• 제4권4호
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• pp.18-25
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• 2000

유동장의 2차원 평면 속도 분포를 측정하기 위하여 two-color PIV 기법을 개발하였고, 마하 2.0 초음속 노즐에 적용하여 보았다 이 기법은 single-color PIV 기법과 유사하나 서로 다른 색의 두 레이저 빔을 사용하여 방향성의 문제를 해결하는 차이점을 갖는다. 녹색의 레이저 평면광 (532 nm)과 적색의 레이저 평면광 (619 nm)이 주입된 입자를 조사하기 위하여 사용되었고, 입자 위치가 고해상도 (3060${\times}$2036) 디지털 칼라 CCD 카메라에 기록되었다. 이러한 디지털 칼라 CCD 카메라론 이용한 two-color PIV 시스템은 사진 필름 현상 시간과 이에 따른 디지털화하는 시간 그리고 방향성의 문제론 해결하기 위해 사용되는 일반적인 image shifting 기법과 관련된 어려움을 제거해 준다. 또한 고속 유동장에서는 알맞은 입자 밀도의 주입이 어려워지는데, two-color PIV는 높은 신호 대 잡음비로 인하여 속도 벡터론 얻기 위해서 조사영역에 존재해야 하는 벡터쌍의 수가 줄어들게 된다. 따라서 다른 색의 두레이저 빔의 시간 간격을 조절함으로써 고속 유동장의 속도 분포를 쉽고 정확하게 측정할 수 있게 된다. 마하 2.0 초음속 노즐에서의 속도 분포가 측정되었으며, 속도장으로부터 변형률장을 구하여 과팽창 충격파 구조를 예측해 보았다. Two-color PIV에 의해 얻어진 속도 분포와 충격파의 위치 결과는 schlieren 사진과 비교 분석해 보았다.

• 한국수소및신에너지학회논문집
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• 제25권6호
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• pp.643-647
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• 2014

Two types of fuel supply method ar used in CNG vehicles. One is premixed ignition and the other is gas-jet ignition. In premixed ignition, the fuel is introduced with intake air so that homogeneous air-fuel mixture may form. The ignitability of this method depends on the global equivalence ratio. In gas-jet ignition, CNG is introduced directly into the engine combustion chamber. The overall mixture is stratified by retarded fuel injection. In this study, a visualization technique was employed to obtain fundamental properties regarding overall mixture formation of direct injected CNG fuel inside a constant volume chamber. Jet angles, penetrations and projected jet area with respect to ambient pressure are investigated. The penetration decreases apparently and the time reaching the CVC wall was delayed as the chamber pressure increases. This is caused by the higher inertia of the fluid elements that the injected fluid must accelerate and push aside. It is same to liquid fuel such as diesel and gasoline, but this phenomenon is far more prominent for the gaseous fuel.

• 한국추진공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국추진공학회 2011년도 제37회 추계학술대회논문집
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• pp.258-262
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• 2011

실험용 분젠 연소기를 사용하여 예혼합된 메탄-산소 층류화염전파속도를 연구하였다. 이를 위해 $CH^*$ 자발광 측정기법과 슐리렌 사진술이 사용되었다. 실험결과는 CHEMKIN 3.7을 이용한 수치해석 결과와 비교하였다. 층류화염전파속도를 측정하기 위하여 층류여역 내에서 전체 당량비는 0.5에서 2.0까지 조절하였다. 동축 화염에서 화염전파속도는 각도측정법을 사용하였으며 슐리렌 사진에서는 3.1 m/s로 $CH^*$ 자발광 사진에서는 2.9 m/s로 측정되었다.

• 대한기계학회논문집B
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.486-493
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• 1997

Experimental investigations on the comparison of developments between transient jets and evolving jet diffusion flames have been made in initial injection period. To achieve this experiment, an ignition technique using a residual flame as the ignition source is devised. High speed Schlieren visualizations, and measurements including jet tip penetration velocities and jet widths of the primary vortex are employed to examine the developing processes for several flow conditions. It is seen that the developing behaviors in the presence of flame are greatly different from those in transient jet, and thus the flow characteristics in the transient part are also modified. The discernible differences are shown to consist of the delay of the rollup of the primary vortex, the faster spreading after the rollup due to exothermic expansion, and the survival of only a primary vortex. The growth of primary vortex in the transient jet is properly explained through an impulsively started laminar vortex prior to the interaction. It is also found that the jet tip penetration velocity varies with elapsed time and an increase in Res gives rise to a higher tip penetration velocity.

• 한국항공우주학회지
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• 제42권9호
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• pp.723-730
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• 2014

이차유동을 이용한 초음속 동축류 추력편향 제어기법에 대한 실험적 연구가 진행되었다. 쉴리렌 유동가시화 및 로드셀을 이용한 고정확도의 다분력 시험장치를 통하여 이차원 초음속(마하수 2.0) 유동의 추력편향 특성이 관찰되었다. 추력편향각은 부유동의 압력이 점차 커지면서 일시 감소 후 다시 증가하는 V-자형 추세를 보이고 있음이 관찰되었다. 추력편향 유동의 성능을 나타내는 성능계수들의 분석이 이루어졌으며, 보다 높은 성능지표를 나타내는 본 시스템의 운용조건이 제시되었다.

• 대한기계학회논문집
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• 제12권6호
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• pp.1415-1427
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• 1988

본 연구에서는 막냉각되고 있는 수평평판에서 분사각도와 분사율의 변화가 열 전달계수에 미치는 영향을 주 연구대상으로 하였다. 열전달계수의 측정을 위하여 나 프탈렌 승화법을 이용하였고, 열전달 계수에 가장 큰 영향을 미치는 유동장에 대한 이 해를 위해 슐리렌 광학계를 이용한 유동의 가시화 실험을 수행하였다. 분사각도는 Fig.1에서와 같이 y축 방향으로의 수직분사(case 1), 유동방향(x축방향)dp eogo 35˚ 경사진 분사(case 2), 그리고 유동의 직각방향(Z축)dp eogo 35˚경사진 분사(case 3) 등 3가지의 경우에 대해 실험하였고, 분사율은 0.5, 1.0, 1.8로 변화시켰다.

• 한국연소학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국연소학회 2015년도 제51회 KOSCO SYMPOSIUM 초록집
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• pp.291-293
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• 2015

The experimental study on flow characteristic in various laminar coflow diffusion flame has been conducted with a particular focus on the buoyancy force exerted from gaseous hydrocarbon fuels. Methane ($CH_4$), Ethylene ($C_2H_4$) and n-Butane ($C_4H_{10}$) were used as fuels. Coflow burner and Schlieren technique were used to observe the fuel flow field near nozzle exit and flow characteristics in flames. The result showed that the vortices in n-Butane with density heavier than air were appeared near the nozzle exit with the strong negative buoyancy on the fuel stream. As Reynolds number increases by the control of velocity, the vortices were greater and the vortices tips were moved up from the nozzle exit. In addition, it can be found that the heated nozzle can affect to the flow fields of fuel stream near the nozzle exit.