• Structural Monitoring and Maintenance
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.25-42
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• 2023

Despite the significance of ports as critical economic infrastructure, the berth facilities usually deteriorate due to heavy loading, unloading, aging, environmental weather conditions, marine growths, and lack of efficient maintenance management. Marine berths require proactive maintenance management to limit deterioration and defects as no berth facility is maintenance-free. Thus, delay in carrying out maintenance work for the marine berths can be devastating to the operational process involving ship entry, loading, and unloading operations. The aim of this research is to coordinate both operations work, and maintenance works that take place inside the berth of a local industrial port in Saudi Arabia, by developing a novel framework that integrates both works without affecting the efficiency and functionality of the berth. The study focused on defining the operational process of the port and identifying the elements with direct and indirect effects. In addition to determining the priority for the entry of ships inside the berth, it also identified the factors involved in designing a framework that included maintenance work as a component of the monthly berth occupancy schedule. By applying a mathematical model, a framework was established, which includes all the important elements of the process. As a result of the mathematical method formulation process, a database was designed that organizes and coordinates the operations of all berths within the port. This creates time to carry out the required maintenance work monthly as well as ease of coordination with the contractors responsible for the implementation of those works.

• Journal of the Korean BIBLIA Society for library and Information Science
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.165-186
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• 2008

The purpose of this study is to indicate a case that applied forming a instructional community-establishing instructional strategies-developing learning and assessment toolkits as a connective strategy between information literacy and curricula to foster the Library-Assisted instruction(LAI). In this case a new instructional community consisted of a teacher librarian, a korean language teacher, a korean history teacher and a korean geography teacher of the 10th grade. The community developed integrated learning topics connected with subject-specific classes and designed LAI's instructional strategy. Finally learning and assessment toolkits containing information problem solving and resources using model were designed by this community. This method can provide students with enough time in using resources and teach information literacy systematically. Also it will help teacher librarians improve leadership and partnership in the school community.

• Journal of Korean Clinical Nursing Research
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• v.29 no.3
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• pp.271-282
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• 2023

Purpose: This study is a descriptive research study attempted to identify the job stress and positive psychological capital of clinical nurses and to identify the factors that impact job embeddedness. Methods: Data were collected from 115 nurses with over one year of clinical experience working at a 500-bed B General Hospital. The collected data were analyzed with the SPSS 27.0 program using frequency and percentage, mean and standard deviation, Independent t-test, One-way ANOVA, Scheffé test, Pearson's correlation coefficients, and multiple linear regression. Results: As a result of multiple regression analysis, hope among the sub-factors of positive psychological capital (β=0.48, p<.001), matters related to the work schedule (β=-0.23, p=.005) among the sub-factors of job stress, and conflict with doctor (β=0.20, p=.013) was found to have an impact on job embeddedness, and the explanatory power of this regression model was 52.0% (F=13.12, p<.001). Conclusion: It was found that the positive psychological capital of clinical nurses has a positive impact on job embeddedness. In order to increase the job embeddedness of clinical nurses, it is necessary to develop, educate, and utilize specific intervention programs that can strengthen positive psychological capital. Efforts should be needed to prepare specific strategies for nurses to recognize the importance of hope and actively utilize positive psychological capital. In addition, it is necessary to create an organization-level working environment and continuous management to reduce the job stress of clinical nurses.

• International conference on construction engineering and project management
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• 2011.02a
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• pp.561-566
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• 2011

In general, the early stage of urban renewal such as preparing a master plan and processing administrative works including planning permission are conducted by local governments in Korea. The local governments need to review the status of projects that are undergone in other local governments' territories. However, no integrated information system to manage information to this end at the level of nation exists in Korea. If the system would be developed, it may support central government to obtain information on required resources at the national level. In addition, local governments can gain guidance on the process and recognize potential problematic situations from others experience. The system should include functions to collect data on project summary, cost and schedule of projects according to local governments. The expected effects from using the information system are as following. First, information generated from project practice become more credible on account of management at the national level. Because the authorized party such as system administrative agents of governments are responsible for collecting and managing data. Second, the unified information system with no regard to the place where projects progresses reduces the efforts for accumulating reference data for aiding local governments decision making by providing appropriate information timely. Also, enhanced information accessibility for stakeholders make the project process clear. Finally, oversight management is enforced with visualization technology adopted in the system, presenting master plan and mass model including information on usage by floors and progressing information graphically. Ultimately, potential challenges can be anticipated by considering records accumulated from other local governments' projects. This paper presents concept, functionalities, and architecture of information system enabling to manage data from individual projects and aggregate those for oversight management for local and central governments. As a part of systems analysis, general requirements of briefing system for governments and necessary data fields to this end are identified.

• The Journal of Engineering Geology
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.217-225
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• 2014

Water curtain cultivation (WCC) systems in Korea have depleted water resources in shallow aquifers through massive pumping of groundwater. The goal of this study is to simulate the groundwater variations observed from massive groundwater pumping at a site in Cheongweon. MODFLOW was used to simulate three-dimensional regional groundwater flow, and the SWAT (Soil and Water Assessment Tool) watershed hydrologic model was employed to introduce temporal changes in groundwater recharge into the MODFLOW model input. Additionally, the estimation method for groundwater discharge in WCC areas (Moon et al., 2012) was incorporated into a groundwater pumping schedule as a MODFLOW input. We compared simulated data and field measurements to determine the degree to which winter season groundwater drawdown is effectively modeled. A simulation time of 107 days was selected to match the observed groundwater drawdown from November, 2012 to March, 2013. We obtained good agreement between the simulated drawdown and observed groundwater levels. Thus, the estimation method using daily minimum temperatures, may be applicable to other cultivation areas and can serve as a guideline in simulating the regional flow of riverside groundwater aquifers.

• Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
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• v.33 no.6
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• pp.745-755
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• 2000

The dam operation system of KOWACO for flood control doesn't have capability to account for the downstream hydrologic conditions and any feasible index to decide the pre-release from the forecasted rainfall and inflow. In this study, a dam operation model for flood control was developed to account for the flood flow condition of its downstream to give users the dam release schedules. Application test of EV ROM to Keum River showed that EV ROM is superior to the Rigid ROM and Technical ROM which are currently used by KOWACO. EV ROM developed in this study provides a release schedule accounting for the cumulative lateral flow hydrograph at the downstream control points where the discharge does not depend only on the dam operation. but also on lateral inflow from the tributaries. In order to reduce the peak discharge at the control points, it suggests the preliminary release during the early rising phase of the predicted hydrograph, holding the flood flow inside the dam during a peak phase, and afterward resuming the release. Three case studies of flood control by the operation of Daechung Multipurpose Dam in Geum River Basin show that the EV ROM is superior to the Rigid ROM and Technical ROM. This must be due to its nature to account for the downstream flow condition as well as the inflow and water level of the dam. It was also conceived that further case studies of EV ROM and more accurate rainfall prediction would improve the dam operation for flood control.ontrol.

• Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
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• v.5 no.6 s.22
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• pp.90-100
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• 2004

The importance of information management has been emphasized in Korean construction industry, Both public and private have invested to establish and operate construction CALS, construction management (CM), computer integrated construction(CIC), and earned value management system(EVMS). A standard construction information classification system is essential to operate the systems mentioned above. Therefore, Korean government released Integrated Construction Information Classification System(ICICS) in 2001. However, the ICICS is not widely used in construction due to: 1) difficulty of changing existing system, 2) insufficient publicity of the ICICS, and 3) no legal binding force. Especially, participants in construction do not recognize applicability of the ICICS. This research surveyed the degree of recognition and utilization of the ICICS. This survey includes both customized classification systems used by companies and the ICICS and investigates the degree of utilization and drawbacks. The results show some construction companies use their own classification systems and the others use the ICICS prepared by the government. Furthermore, the degree of recognition is in sufficient. The degree of use in design management, specifications, cost and schedule management is very limited. The publicity and education are critical to induce the utilization of the ICICS. The necessity of revision was recommended based on pilot project study that is performed to measure the degree of application of ICICS on the projects. Therefore, this research proposes the measurement model for information application and analyzes the degree of utilization of the ICICS in different phases of construction.

• Journal of KIISE:Computer Systems and Theory
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• v.35 no.9_10
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• pp.429-440
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• 2008

As embedded system becomes more complex, software development becomes more important in the entire design process. Most embedded applications consist of multi -tasks, that are executed in parallel. So, dataflow model that expresses concurrency naturally is preferred than sequential programming language to develop multitask software. For the execution of multitasking codes, operating system is essential to schedule multi-tasks and to deal with the communication between tasks. But, it is needed to execute multitasking code without as when the target hardware platform cannot execute as or target platforms are candidates of design space exploration, because it is very costly to port as for all candidate platforms of DSE. For this reason, we propose the serialized multitasking code generation technique from dataflow specification. In the proposed technique, a task is specified with dataflow model, and generated as a C code. Code generation consists of two steps: First, a block in a task is generated as a separate function. Second, generated functions are scheduled by a multitasking scheduler that is also generated automatically. To make it easy to write customized scheduler manually, the data structure and information of each task are defined. With the preliminary experiment of DivX player, it is confirmed that the generated code from the proposed framework is efficiently and correctly executed on the target system.

• Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
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• v.26 no.5
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• pp.117-127
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• 2008

After the deregulation of the aviation market in the United States in 1978, airlines took advantage of the possibilities of the liberalized market and reorganized their networks. Then, the hub-and-spoke networks became widely used in the aviation market. The framework of hub-and-spoke network made it feasible to amplify flight networks. Thus, a number of airlines were able to fly to more destinations than ever before through the networks. Amplification of networks can be implementing through the transfer of passengers, transshipment of cargo, or both most researches have been concentrated on the passenger aspect at airports worldwide. Air cargo, however, has become one of the most significant areas at hub airports to keep their leading position in terms of the provision of services and handling volumes. This paper investigates the connectivity of airfreight networks as the temporal concentrations in current network at Incheon International Airport. In order to evaluate airline flight schedule effects to stimulate hubbing at an airport, the indirect connectivity can be considered to be the number of direct frequencies, the minimum connecting times and the quality of the connection determine indirect connectivity. Therefore the connectivity of freight transshipment depends on both the quality of the connection at the hub airport and the quality of the indirect flight compared to the direct flight. In addressing these issues, this paper analyzes the connectivity of flight schedules using a temporal wave-system structure and estimates the degree of connectivity and quality of connectivity applying the NETSCAN model.

• Journal of Arbitration Studies
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.3-24
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• 2014

The Arbitration Act of Korea entered into force on December 31, 1999. It was modeled after the UNCITRAL Model Arbitration Law to meet the goal of the internationalization of the arbitration system of South Korea mainly in terms of the System (Alternative Dispute Resolution) Act. In general, a hearing of arbitration is made up of an arbitrator, claimant, and respondent. This is accomplished in a single core. The advantages of arbitration are low cost and confidentiality. In addition, there is the participation of experts and rapidity with a single core agent. However, under the current Arbitration Act, there is no provision expressly relating to the qualifications of arbitrators. This should be accomplished by the arbitration act enforcement ordinance. Following specific details of the 'party' in conjunction with all the provisions of the Arbitration Act, Article 1 should be revised in a timely manner so that "conflict of private law" covers cases in which a dispute between the parties is desirable. In addition, in Article 3 the phrasing of "also dispute 'judicial'" should be revised to over disputes between parties. Furthermore, the provisions of Article 40 are described in the Supplement and so it is preferable to address Supplementary Delete. In addition, this study will analyze ADR in Japan and present a plan to establish a law to resolve disputes outside of court in that country. Therefore, the objective of this study is to assist in the study of legislating fundamental law for alternative dispute resolution. In spite of this, there are many in business and academia who would like to modify the arbitration system in South Korea to improve its function. There is much interest in accomplishing this,so proposals for legislation should continue to be made.In order to accomplish this, the arbitration systems of developed countries such as the United States can be used as a model. It can be seen that despite the idea that the parties involved engage in arbitration autonomously, many elements of the process from the selection of the arbitrator of the arbitral tribunal are specified in legislation and thus it is necessary to develop legislation that will allow arbitration to perform its intended function. Any given arbitral tribunal can be specialized, typically in a case an arbitrator who is an expert in the field is selected. This helps to avoid complaints concerning the results of the arbitration. In the case of international arbitration, however, this provision is often not employed and instead it is necessary to provide a Schedule and Supplement concerning international arbitration. Finally, the promotion of the enactment of the Arbitration Law Enforcement Ordinance must be a top priority in order to ensure proper implementation of the arbitration law.