• 여성건강간호학회지
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.99-109
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• 2005

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to present a procedure for developing a PBL package and to provide the example of its application. Method: In this study, the PBL package was proposed based on the integrated curricular under maternity nursing. The PBL package model proposed by Little was applied to this study. Result: The procedure for developing the PBL package includes course objectives, learning objectives, concept mapping, situation scenario, tutor guide, and evaluation method. Clinical scenarios used in 3 PBL packages were composed of a pregnant women, a childbirth women, and a postpartum women. The Eight detailed steps are given in this study. Conclusion: Through these findings, the steps might be easier and more useful for nurse professionals to begin using the PBL package in maternity nursing. In addition, the steps will actively contribute to imply the PBL in nursing education.

• 한국간호교육학회지
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.90-94
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• 2007

Purpose: Since the 1990s, there has been an increasing interest in patient safety and quality of care. As a result, undergraduate nursing students have difficulties in clinical nursing practice such as health assessment or providing nursing skills. The purpose of this paper was to review current issues related to use of simulations in nursing education. Method: We conducted a thorough literature review including related proceedings to identify present issues in use of simulation education in nursing. Result/Conclusion: Simulation education in nursing differs from that in medical science. In nursing education, we need to focus on developing competencies for nursing students, for example, nursing process, nursing skills, and therapeutic communication skills With an increasing number of human patient simulators, we suggest a more careful approach including faculty development, curriculum development, and cost effective strategic planning. We propose a reliable and valid scenario development among nursing faculty as a consortium in the future.

• 한국위성정보통신학회논문지
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.33-38
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• 2012

본 논문에서는 대규모 종합감시시스템 환경에서 비디오의 특징을 분석하여 비디오가 촬영되는 환경에 적합한 지능형 영상분석 알고리즘 선택 기준을 제안하였다. 대규모 종합감시시스템 환경의 예로 도시철도 감시시스템을 사용하였다. 본 시스템에 설치된 카메라에 입력되는 비디오의 특징을 위치와 용도 및 상황별로 분석하였다. 분석을 기반으로 하여 적합한 비디오 감시 알고리즘을 선택하는 기준을 제시하였으며 상황 처리 시나리오를 제시하였다.

• Journal of information and communication convergence engineering
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• 제16권4호
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• pp.213-220
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• 2018

With the exponential developments of social network, their fundamental role as a medium to spread information, ideas, and influence has gained importance. It can be expressed by the relationships and interactions within a group of individuals. Therefore, some models and researches from various domains have been in response to the influence maximization problem for the effects of "word of mouth" of new products. For example, in reality, more than two related social groups such as commercial companies and service providers exist within the same market issue. Under such a scenario, they called social adversaries competitively try to occupy their market influence against each other. To address the influence maximization (IM) problem between them, we propose a novel IM problem for social adversarial players (IM-SA) which are exploiting the social network attributes to infer the unknown adversary's network configuration. We sophisticatedly define mathematical closed form to demonstrate that the proposed scheme can have a near-optimal solution for a player.

• 무역상무연구
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• 제23권
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• pp.71-91
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• 2004

The purpose of this paper is to examine the effects and problems of acceptance with modifications according to CISG Art. 19, comparing with UCC ${\S}2-207$. First of all this author raised two legal issues encountered when there is an acceptance with modifications. Scenario one is as follows : "Before either party has taken further action, there is a rise or a fall in the price of goods, was there a binding contract ?" The UCC rules provide for a contract if a purchaser sends out a purchase order and the seller sends back a sales acknowledgement form, and the items on the front(the price, description, and quantity) match up. The CISG on the other hand, is that most of the terms and conditions on the backs of the forms are important. Therefore, if they are different, there should not be a contract. Scenario two is as follows : "There has been performance, A disputes arises. What terms and conditions apply ?" The CISG and the UCC will probably lead to different results in the event the parties exchange conflicting forms and subsequently perform. Assuming that the offeree's reply contains terms that are materially different from the offer, the UCC provides that the resulting contract will include only those terms on which the writings of the parties agree, excluding conflicting terms. The CISG treats the material additions as a counter-offer and, in accordance with Art. 18, the offeree's performance may be regarded as an acceptance of a contract containing all of the offeror's terms ; or the offeror's performance may be regarded as an acceptance of a contract containing all of the offeree's terms. Second, this author raised three problems in the Art. 19 as follows ; 1) It is very difficult in practical application to decide what is material alterations even if the CISG lists material terms as an example. 2) There is a possibility for the offeror to speculate in the circumstance of market fluctuation as he has a change to object to the discrepancy in the offeree's reply. 3) There is also a possibility of inducement for the offeror or the offeree to send its own reply as a last shot.

• 한국환경보건학회지
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• 제41권3호
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• pp.191-202
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• 2015

Objectives: Promotion of food safety/eradicating adulterated food has been listed as one of the four major issues recently identified for action by the Korean government. Due to the related seriousness, the food industry has been encouraged to take steps to restore consumer confidence. In order to set guidelines for the creation of manuals for the response to a food safety crisis by the food industry, this study provided a suggested organization for a crisis response team and operating procedures for crisis response activities. Methods: The prototypes of an organizational structure and a set of standard procedures for a crisis response system were provided. Results: The results of the study suggested that a crisis response team should be comprised of four divisions of responsibility: information analysis, site response, communication and operational support. The organization chart and the role and functions for each division of the crisis response team should be indicated. Response activities will be more effective when the team features multi-disciplined staffing, such as public relations, food safety/technology/quality, sales/marketing, purchasing, production, distribution/logistics, regulatory affairs/legal, and consumer service specialists. This study created a flow chart for the total crisis response system, which included crisis and normal situations. A crisis response team should be continuously operated for both crisis and normal conditions. This study also suggested a scenario to explain the procedures for crisis response activities. Conclusion: In order to cope more effectively with a food safety crisis, the organizational structure and its functions should be defined clearly, and a detailed set of standard procedures for response activities should be offered.

• 한국정보과학회논문지:소프트웨어및응용
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• 제34권5호
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• pp.465-475
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• 2007

인터넷 이용의 확산과 함께 많은 사용자들이 자신의 일상을 글이나 사진, 만화와 같은 형태로 표현하여 과거의 기억을 반추하거나, 다른 사람과 공유하는 데 사용한다. 본 논문에서는 사용자의 일상 행동과 감정이 표현된 특이성 목록을 활용하여 다양한 만화를 생성함으로써 사용자의 기억이 쉽게 회상되고 공유될 수 있도록 하였다. 우선 각 특이성 별로 정의된 우선순위와 연관성을 바탕으로 중요 특이성을 선택하여 만화 시나리오를 구성하고, 생성된 시나리오를 스토리 온톨로지를 통해 보정한다. 다음 보정된 시나리오의 각 특이성과 만화 이미지 사이의 유사도를 계산하여, 각 특이성에 어울리는 만화 컷이 조합된다. 마지막으로 다양한 만화 생성을 위해 날씨, 야경, 과장, 애니메이션과 같은 효과들을 적용하였다. 생성된 만화의 다양성을 측정하기 위해 사용 시나리오와 사용성 평가를 통해 제안하는 방법을 평가하였다.

• 한국농공학회논문집
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• 제60권4호
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• pp.63-72
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• 2018

The main function of an agricultural reservoir is to supply irrigation water to paddy rice fields in South Korea. Therefore, the operation of a reservoir is significantly affected by the phenology of paddy rice. For example, the early stage of irrigation season, a lot of irrigation water is required for transplanting rice. Therefore, water storage in the reservoir before irrigation season can be a key factor for sustainable irrigation, and it becomes more important under climate change situation. In this study, we analyzed the climate change impacts on reservoir storage rate at the beginning of irrigation period and simulated the reservoir storage, runoff, and irrigation water requirement under RCP scenarios. Frequency analysis was conducted with simulation results to analyze water supply probabilities of reservoirs. Water supply probability was lower in RCP 8.5 scenario than in RCP 4.5 scenario because of low precipitation in the non-irrigation period. Study reservoirs are classified into 5 groups by water supply probability. Reservoirs in group 5 showed more than 85 percentage probabilities to be filled up from half-filled condition during the non-irrigation period, whereas group 1 showed less than 5 percentages. In conclusion, reservoir capacity to catchment area ratio mainly affected water supply probability. If the ratio was high, reservoirs tended to have a low possibility to supply enough irrigation water amount.

• 정보처리학회논문지B
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• 제14B권3호
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• pp.183-190
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• 2007

VoiceXML은 음성을 통해 웹 자원 탐색을 제공하기 위한 목적으로 설계된 XML 기반의 새로운 마크업 언어이다. VoiceXML로 만들어진 어플리케이션은 기계 주도 폼 다이얼로그 구조와 상호 주도 폼 다이얼로그 구조로 분류된다. 이와 같은 다이얼로그 구조들은 어플리케이션 개발자에 의해 서비스 시나리오가 결정되기 때문에 사용자가 자유롭게 웹 자원을 탐색하는 서비스를 구축할 수 없다. 본 논문에서는 사용자의 의도에 따라 서비스 시나리오가 결정되는 음성 웹 서비스의 구축을 위해 사용자 주도 폼 다이얼로그 시스템의 VoiceXML 어플리케이션 구조를 제안한다. 제안하는 어플리케이션은 사용자에 의해 요청된 정보로부터 인식 후보들을 자동적으로 검출하여 음성 앵커로 사용하고 각각의 음성 앵커론 새로운 음성 노드로 연결한다. 제안하는 시스템의 예로 IT 용어사전을 내장한 뉴스 서비스를 구현하여 음성 앵커의 검출 및 등록 여부를 확인하였고, 음성 인식률 및 사용자가 의도한 정보를 성공적으로 제공했는지 판단하는 척도가 되는 적중률과 응답 속도를 측정하였다. 실험 결과, 제안한 시스템이 기존의 VoiceXML 폼 다이얼로그 구조의 시스템보다 더 자유로운 웹 자원의 탐색이 가능함을 확인하였다.

• 한국건설관리학회논문집
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• 제16권6호
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• pp.53-62
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• 2015

공기비용 트레이드오프 모델은 건설프로젝트의 계획 및 관리에 있어 매우 중요하다. TCTO 모델은 연속모델과 분절모델 두 가지 모델이 개발되어왔다. 그러나 한 종류의 모델만을 사용하여 현실적인 공기단축 시나리오를 적용하기에는 한계가 있다. 이에 TCTO 의 연속적인 모델과, 분절모델을 결합하여 진보된 모델을 제시하였으며 또한, 비선형 관계, 인센티브 및 지체보상금 고려가 가능하도록 TCTO모델에 포함되어 있다. 이런 특성들은 건설프로젝트에 적용가능하다. 6개의 activities로 구성된 CPM 네트워크는 연구에서 제안된 모델을 설명하기 위해 사용되었다. 제시한 모델은 모든 제약 조건을 만족시키는 최적 스케쥴 계산이 가능하다. 결과적으로 본 연구에서 제시한 진보된 TCTO모델은 기존의 모델보다 최적화된 공기단축이 가능하다.