• 대한본초학회지
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• 제26권4호
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• pp.181-185
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• 2011

Objectives : The Zanthoxylum pericarpium has been used as oriental spicy seasoning and a medicinal plant from old times. This study was performed to determine the anti-oxidant efficacy of Zanthoxylum pericarpium extract and the anti-microbial effects. Methods : We got Zanthoxylum pericarpium extract using PSE (pressurized solvent extraction) method. The anti-microbial effect of Zanthoxylum pericarpium extract was assessed on Streptococcus mutans(S. mutans) and anti-oxidant effect of the extract was assessed by measuring DPPH radical scavenging activity and SOD like activity. Results : 1. Zanthoxylum pericarpium extract had high anti-microbial activity on S. mutans. 2. DPPH radical scavenging activity significantly increased in the Zanthoxylum pericarpium extract. 3. SOD like activity also significantly increased in the Zanthoxylum pericarpium extract. Conclusions : The PSE extract from Zanthoxylum pericarpium has good anti-microbial and anti-oxidant effects in a concentration-dependent manner.

• 한국추진공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국추진공학회 2008년 영문 학술대회
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• pp.22-24
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• 2008

This paper presents a numerical model of internal flows in a lubricant supplying and scavenging flow path of an aero-engine lubrication system. The numerical model was built in the General Analysis Software of Aero-engine Lubrication System, GASLS, developed by Northwestern Polytechnical University. The lubricant flow flux, pressure and temperature distribution at steady state were calculated. GASLS is a general purpose computer program employed a 1-D steady state network algorithm for analyzing flowrates, pressures and temperatures in a complex flow network. All kinds of aero-engine lubrication systems can be divided into finite correlative typical elements and nodes from which the calculation network be developed in GASLS. Special emphasis is on how to use combined elements which is a type of typical elements to replace some complex components like bearing bores, accessory gearboxes or heat exchangers. This method can reduce network complexity and improve calculation efficiency. Final computational results show good agreement with experimental data.

• 대한기계학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한기계학회 2004년도 춘계학술대회
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• pp.1715-1719
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• 2004

An in-house supersonic ejector was designed to ensure low pressure and high speed scavenging of resonating cavity of chemical lasers. For given primary flow condition, 100g/s secondary mass flow rate was observed at the design pressure. Performance validation of a supersonic ejector system along with an investigation of effects of supersonic diffuser was conducted. Placement of diffuser at the secondary inlet further reduced diffuser upstream pressure to 1/4-1/5 relieving the local to the primary supply unit. In order to increase the secondary flow, we put two ejectors capable of removing 50g/s each of secondary flows together to deal with higher mass flow. Test of the parallel unit demonstrated the secondary flow rate was proportional to the numbers of individual units that were brought together. Additionally, flow calculations with a commercial code were carried out in every case of experiment and compared with results.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제31권9호
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• pp.845-854
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• 1998

Background: S-2-(3 aminoprophlamino) ethylphosphorothioic acid(WR-2721) is one of the radical scavenging thiols. We tested its protective effects in the reperfused heart. Material and Method: The experimental setup was the constant pressure Langendorffs perfusion system. We investigated the radical scavenging properties of this compound in isolated rat hearts which were exposed to 20 minutes ischemia and 20 minutes reperfusion. Four experimental groups were used:group I, control, Amifostine 50 mg(1 mL) peritoneal injection 30 minutes before ischemia(group II), Amifostine 10 mg(0.2 mL) injection during ischemia through coronary artery(group III),and Amifostine 50 mg(1 mL) peritoneal injection 2 hrs before ischemia(group IV). The experimental parameters were the levels of latate, CK-MB, and adenosine deaminase(ADA) in frozen myocardium, the quantity of coronary flow,and left ventricular developed pressure, and it's dp/dt. Statistical analysis was performed using repeated measured analysis of variance and student t-test. Result: The coronary flow of group II and IV were less than group I and III at equilibrium state but recovery of coronary flow at reperfusion state of group II, III, and IV were more increased compared with group I. The change of systolic left ventricular devoloping pressure of group II and IV were less than control group at equilibrium state, which seemed to be the influence of the pharmacological hypotensive effect of amifostine. But it was higher compared with group I at reperfusion state. The lactic acid contents of group II were less than control group in frozen myocardium.(Group I was 0.20 0.29 mM/g vs Group II, which was 0.10 0.11 mM/g). The quantity of CK-MB in myocardial tissue was highest in group IV (P=0.026 I: 120.0 97.8 U/L vs IV: 242.2 79.15 U/L). The adenosine deaminase contents in the coronary flow and frozen myocardium were not significantly different among each group. Conclusion: Amifostine seemed to have significant cardioprotective effect during ischemia and reperfusion injuries of myocardium.

• 한국식품영양학회지
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• 제30권3호
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• pp.454-463
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• 2017

Ganoderma lucidum has been traditionally used as a medicine for treatment of bronchitis, arthritis, and high blood pressure, and it has been reported to display many biological activities including anticancer and immune activities. Since mushroom mycelium is known to have excellent biological activities together with mushroom fruiting body, studies on biological activities of mushroom mycelium have been actively conducted. Thus, the present study compared the biological activities before and after the cultivation of Ganoderma lucidum mycelium on Atractylodes rhizoma. When the radical scavenging activity was assessed by the DPPH assay, ARGL (ethanol extract of Atractylodes rhizoma mycelium fermented with Ganoderma lucidum) showed radical scavenging activity of 5.58~82.56% at concentrations of $10{\sim}500{\mu}g/assay$, while AR (ethanol extract of Atractylodes rhizoma) showed radical scavenging activity of 5.27~72.08% at the same concentrations. When measured by using the ABTS assay, ARGL showed higher radical scavenging activity than AR, which was consistent with the result obtained by the DPPH assay. In the MTT assay, the cytotoxicity of ARGL against all cell lines was higher than that of AR. In particular, the cytotoxicities of AR and ARGL against Hep3B at a concentration of $400{\mu}g/assay$ were 71.81% and 86.40%, respectively. In addition, the result obtained by the SRB assay was consistent with the result obtained by the MTT assay. According to the results mentioned above, there is a high probability that medicinal herb cultures using mycelium can be used as sources of functional foods since the cytotoxicities against cancer cells and antioxidant activities increased when the mycelium was fermented with Atractylodes rhizoma.

• 한국식품저장유통학회지
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.75-79
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• 2005

싸리(Lespedeza bicolor)의 항산화 활성에 대한 연구의 일환으로, 물추출물과 에탄올추출물 및 압력열수추출물에 대하여 각 농도별로 전자공여능, SOD 유사활성, 아질산염 소거능 등을 분석하여 항산화활성을 분석하였다. 전자공여능은 물추출물에서 농도에 따라 $46.30\~82.02\%$로 가장 높았고, 에탄올추출물은 $44.53\~75.56\%$ 그리고 압력 열수추출물은 $37.40\~60.48\%$로 분석되었다. SOD 유사활성은 에탄올추출물에서 농도에 따라 $17.21\~44.08\%$로 가장 높았고, 압력열수추출물이 $19.89~\~29.86\%$, 물추출물이 $16.53\~20.0\%$로 측정되었으며, 각 추출물의 농도가 증가함에 따라 전자공여능과 SOD 유사활성이 증가하는 것으로 나타났다. 그리고 아질산염 소거능은 pH 1.2의 조건에서 1,000 ppm 농도의 에탄올추출물이 $99.53\%$로써 물추출물$(85.84\%)$과 압력 열수추출물$(74.72\%)$보다 높은 소거능을 나타내었으며, pH 3.0에서도 에탄올추출물이 $98.20\%$의 높은 아질산염 소거능을 나타내었다.

• 한국자동차공학회논문집
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.165-176
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• 1996

The flow field and spray characteristics for loop scavenged type 2stroke engine having pancake shape was numerically computed using KIVA-Ⅱ code. The cylinder has 1intake port, 2side intake ports and 1exhaust port with induced flow angle 25 deg. In engine calculation, the chop techniques is used to strip or add planes of cells across the mesh adjacent to the TDC and the BDC(ports parts) for preventing the demand of exceed time during the computation, providing a control on cell height in the squish region. The modified turbulent model including the consideration of the compressibility effect due to the compression and expansion of piston was also used. The case of 25 deg.(injection angle) which is opposite to scavenging flow direction shows better the distribution of droplets and the evaporation rate of droplets compared to other cases(0 deg., - 25 deg.). When injection pressure was increased, the spray tip penetration became longer. When injection pressure was increased, the interaction between the upward gas velocity and spray droplets strongly cause. Thus the breakup of droplets is strongly occurred and the evaporation rate of droplets was found to be better.

• 한국식품영양학회지
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• 제31권1호
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• pp.135-142
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• 2018

We investigated the influence of germination and high hydrostatic pressure (HHP) treatment conditions on the conversion of functional compounds and antioxidant activity in adzuki bean. The adzuki bean germinated at $25^{\circ}C$ for three- or six-days, and was later subjected to HHP at 0.1, 50, 100, or 150 MPa for 24 h. The highest polyphenol content (5.36 mg gallic acid equivalents (GAE)/g) and flavonoid content (0.91 mg catechin equivalents (CE)/g) were observed after germination for six days and HHP treatment at 100 MPa for 24 h, respectively. The total phenolic acid contents increased with increasing applied pressure from 88.86 to $208.26{\mu}g/g$ (100MPa, 24h). Phenolic acids are divided into two categories; those that exhibit increased content upon HHP treatment, and those that exhibit decreased content. The increasing phenolic acids were gallic acid, chlorogenic acid, (+)-catechin, ${\rho}-coumaric$ acid, ferulic acid, heperidin, salicylic acid, protocatechuic acid, cinnamic acid, naringenin. The total anthocyanin content decreased with increasing applied pressure from 22.42 mg/100 g to 6.28 mg/100 g (150 MPa, 24 h). The highest ABTS radical scavenging activity (8.02 mg eq AA/g) and DPPH radical scavenging activity (1.22 eq Trolox/g) were observed after germination for six days and HHP treatment at 100MPa for 24h, respectively. These results suggested that the combination of HHP and germination can lead to improved functionality in adzuki bean.

• 한국식품저장유통학회지
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• 제24권5호
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• pp.631-637
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• 2017

톳의 산업적 활용도 증진을 위하여 다양한 추출방법(열수, 고온가압, 초고압)을 이용하여 항산화 및 생리활성 특성을 평가하였다. 총 폴리페놀 및 플라보노이드 함량의 경우 전체적으로 가압가열 추출물에서 각각 30.51 mg/g, 4.78 mg/g으로 높은 함량을 나타내었다. 추출방법에 따른 톳 추출물의 항산화 활성을 평가하고자 DPPH와 ABTS 라디칼 소거활성 및 환원력을 실시하였으며 그 결과, 모든 실험구에서 농도 의존적으로 증가하는 경향을 보였으며 특히 고온가압 추출물이 전체적으로 높은 활성을 보였다. 그러나 지방산패 및 XO 억제활성의 경우 초고압 처리한 톳 추출물이 1 mg/mL의 농도에서 각각 61.93%, 33.68%로 가장 높은 활성을 나타내었다. 또한 tyrosinase 및 elastase 저해활성은 1 mg/mL의 농도에서 초고압 추출물이 각각 40.51%, 73.79%로 가장 높은 활성을 보였으며 고온가압, 열수의 순으로 나타났다. 톳의 경우 온도와 압력을 가했을 때 유용물질의 용출이 용이해져 다양한 항산화 및 생리활성을 나타내는 것을 알 수 있었으며 고온가압 및 초고압 추출물은 소재 활용가치가 높은 것으로 사료되며 기능성 증진을 위한 천연 식품소재로 활용 가능할 것으로 판단된다.

• 한국식품저장유통학회지
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.130-134
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• 2005

영지버섯(Ganoderma lucidum)으로부터 영양 및 기능성 성분의 열수추출 수율을 증대시킬 수 있는 방법을 개발하기 위하여 추출 전처리 및 방법의 효과를 비교, 검토하였다. 영지를 분쇄하여 사별하고 초음파와 마이크로파 처리를 10분 동안 실시한 후 물을 용매로 상압 및 가압추출을 각각 2시간 동안 실시하였다. 추출전 전처리를 행함으로서 총당, 단백질함량 및 페놀성물질의 추출수율을 증가시켰고, 유리기 소거능이 증가하는 경향을 보였으며 마이크로파 전처리가 초음파처리 보다 우수한 것으로 나타났다. 또한 상압추출보다 가압추출에 의해 가용성 고형물, 총당, 단백질 및 페놀성 물질의 추출수율이 증대되는 경향을 보였다. 따라서 초음파나 마이크로파 전처리와 가압추출은 영지버섯의 추출효율 향상에 유효한 방법인 것으로 판단되었다.