• Proceedings of the Optical Society of Korea Conference
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• 2003.02a
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• pp.286-287
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• 2003

Polarization-sensitive optical coherence tomography (PS-OCT) was developed to image highly scattering tissues with accounting for polarization effects in the sample. These polarization-sensitive images can provide additional information on the structure of the tissue because of a polarization state of the light is changed at its interaction with biological tissues. The scattering and birefringence are two phenomena, which change the polarization state of light passing through medium. (omitted)

• Publications of The Korean Astronomical Society
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.25-29
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• 2008

Scattering of incident light by the interstellar dust is usually approximated by Henyey-Greenstein scattering phase function. Recently, Draine (2003) proposed a new analytic phase function with two parameters. We describe an algorithm to generate random numbers distributed according to the Draine’s function, and compare two phase functions. It is also derived exact solutions of two parameters for given values ${\langle}cos{\theta}{\rangle}$ and ${\langle}cos^2{\theta}{\rangle}$. It is found that Henyey-Greenstein function with g = ${\langle}cos{\theta}{\rangle}$ provides a good approximation for ${\lambda}\;>\;2000{\AA}$. At shorter wavelengths, more realistic phase function may be needed for radiative transfer models.

• Proceedings of the KSRS Conference
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• 1999.11a
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• pp.154-157
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• 1999

Microwave polarimetric backscattering from a wet soil surface had been measured using a Ku-band polarimetric scatterometer at the incidence angles ranging from 10$^{\circ}$ to 70$^{\circ}$ Since the accurate target parameters as well as the radar parameters are necessary for radar scattering modeling, a complete and accurate set of ground truth data were also collected, from which accurate measurements were made of the rms height, correlation length, and dielectric constant. The measured polarimetric backscattering coefficients (vv-, hh-, vh-, hv-polarizations) were compared with theoretical models and empirical models. A new semi-empirical model for microwave polarimetric radar backscattering from bare soil surfaces was developed using polarimetric radar measurements and the knowledge based on the theoretical and numerical solutions. The model was found to yield very good agreement with the backscattering measurements of this study.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers Conference
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• 2001.07a
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• pp.139-142
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• 2001

As microeletronics technology continues to progress, there is also a continuous demand on highly integration and miniaturization of systems. For example, it is desirable to package several integrated circuits together in multilayer structure, such as multichip modules, to achieve higher levels of compactness and higher performance. Passive components (i.e., capacitors, resistors, and inductors) are very important for many MCM applications. In addition, the low-temperature co-fired ceramic (LTCC) process has considerable potential for embedding passive components in a small area at a low cost. In this paper, we investigate a method of statistically modeling integrated passive devices from just a small number of test structures. A set of LTCC inductors is fabricated and their scattering parameters (5-parameters) are measured for a range of frequencies from 50MHz to 5GHz. An accurate model for each test structure is obtained by using a building block based modeling methodology and circuit parameter optimization using the HSPICE circuit simulator.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Telematics and Electronics A
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• v.31A no.1
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• pp.33-38
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• 1994

In this paper, waveguide banpass filters using H-plane step discontinuities are designed based on the field theory analysis and optimization of the resonator lengths as well as dimensions of discontinuities, instead of the conventional synthesis method based on the equivalent circuit. The waveguide inductive obstacles introduced by H-plane step discontinuities analyzed using mode-matching method and the generalized scattering parameters are derived. Using the derived scattering parameters of the discontinuities as well as those of resonators, waveguide bandpass filters are designed through optimization method, modified Razor search method proposed by J.H.Bandler. Using this design procedures, waveguide bandpass filters are designed and tested at X-band(center frequency 10GHz) as well as Ka-band(center frequency 35GHz).

• Journal of information and communication convergence engineering
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.237-243
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• 2017

This paper presents an analysis of the electromagnetic interference of a heterogeneous power bus where electromagnetic bandgap (EBG) cells are irregularly arranged. To mitigate electrical-noise coupling between high-speed circuits, the EBG structure is placed between parallel plate waveguide (PPW)-based power buses on which the noise source and victim circuits are mounted. We examine a noise suppression characteristic of the heterogeneous power bus in terms of scattering parameters. The characteristics of the dispersion and scattering parameters are compared in the sensitivity analysis of the EBG structure. Electric field distributions at significant frequencies are thoroughly examined using electromagnetic simulation based on a finite element method (FEM). The noise suppression characteristics of the heterogeneous power bus are demonstrated experimentally. The heterogeneous power bus achieves significant reduction of electrical-noise coupling compared to the homogeneous power buses that are adopted in conventional high-speed circuit design. In addition, the measurements show good agreement with the FEM simulation results.

• Proceedings of the KSRS Conference
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• 1998.09a
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• pp.180-185
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• 1998

Microwave polarimetric backscattering from a various types of grassland canopies has been analyzed by using the first-order radiative transfer theory in this paper. Leaves in the grassland are modeled by rectangular resistive sheets, which sizes (widths and lengths) and orientations (elevation and azimuth angles) are randomly distributed. Surface roughness and soil moisture of the ground plane under the grass canopy is considered in this computation. The backscattering coefficients of grasslands are computed for different radar parameters (angles, frequencies and Polarizations) as well as different canopy Parameters (size and orientation distributions of leaves, canopy depth, moisture contents of leaves and soil, rms height and correlation length of soil surface). A radar system for 15GHz has been fabricated and used for measurement of the scattering coefficient from a grass canopy. The computation result obtained by the scattering model for the grass canopy is compared with the measurements.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.105-114
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• 1985

2-port stable bipolar transistor oscillator is realized in S band. Oscillator is fabricated by using a highly frequency stabilized 3 identical dielectric resonators and negative resistance is found by means of 3 ports scattering parameters. In this paper, using dielectric resonators as a feedback element. We obtained maximum output 14dBm. 10dBm from collector and base respectively.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.344-348
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• 2002

As microelectronics technology continues to progress, there is also a continuous demand on highly integration and miniaturization of systems. For example, it is desirable to package several integrated circuits together in multilayer structure, such as multichip modules, to achieve higher levels of compactness and higher performance. Passive components (i.e., capacitors, resistors, and inductors) are very important fort many MCM applications. In addition, the low-temperature co-fired ceramic (LTCC) process has considerable potential for embedding passive components in a small area at a low cost. In this paper, we investigate a method of statistically modeling integrated passive devices from just a small number of test structures. A set of LTCC inductors is fabricated and their scattering parameters (s-parameters) are measured for a range of frequencies from 50MHz to 5GHz. An accurate model for each test structure is obtained by using a building block based modeling methodology and circuit parameter optimization using the HSPICE circuit simulator.

• Biomedical Engineering Letters
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.383-392
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• 2018

For prompt gamma ray imaging for biomedical applications and environmental radiation monitoring, we propose herein a multiple-scattering Compton camera (MSCC). MSCC consists of three or more semiconductor layers with good energy resolution, and has potential for simultaneous detection and differentiation of multiple radio-isotopes based on the measured energies, as well as three-dimensional (3D) imaging of the radio-isotope distribution. In this study, we developed an analytic simulator and a 3D image generator for a MSCC, including the physical models of the radiation source emission and detection processes that can be utilized for geometry and performance prediction prior to the construction of a real system. The analytic simulator for a MSCC records coincidence detections of successive interactions in multiple detector layers. In the successive interaction processes, the emission direction of the incident gamma ray, the scattering angle, and the changed traveling path after the Compton scattering interaction in each detector, were determined by a conical surface uniform random number generator (RNG), and by a Klein-Nishina RNG. The 3D image generator has two functions: the recovery of the initial source energy spectrum and the 3D spatial distribution of the source. We evaluated the analytic simulator and image generator with two different energetic point radiation sources (Cs-137 and Co-60) and with an MSCC comprising three detector layers. The recovered initial energies of the incident radiations were well differentiated from the generated MSCC events. Correspondingly, we could obtain a multi-tracer image that combined the two differentiated images. The developed analytic simulator in this study emulated the randomness of the detection process of a multiple-scattering Compton camera, including the inherent degradation factors of the detectors, such as the limited spatial and energy resolutions. The Doppler-broadening effect owing to the momentum distribution of electrons in Compton scattering was not considered in the detection process because most interested isotopes for biomedical and environmental applications have high energies that are less sensitive to Doppler broadening. The analytic simulator and image generator for MSCC can be utilized to determine the optimal geometrical parameters, such as the distances between detectors and detector size, thus affecting the imaging performance of the Compton camera prior to the development of a real system.