• 한국동물학회지
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• 제28권2호
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• pp.61-70
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• 1985

斧足綱 數種의 蛋白質을 電氣泳動한 結果, 새꼬막과 피조개의 血漿의 蛋白質 패턴은 低分子 蛋白質에서 染色되는 强度가 약간 差異가 있으나 거의 同一하였고, 全血球의 蛋白質 패턴의 差異는 17,800 dalton의 band에서 나타났다. 그렇지만 위의 두 種의 筋內의 단백질 패턴은 거의 비슷해서 10,000$\\sim$100,000 dalton의 分子量 範圍內에서는 差異를 알아 내기가 매우 어려웠다. 그런데 대합과 비늘백합은 類緣關係가 있는 蛋白質 패턴이 많이 나타났으며 재첩은 대합이나 비늘백합과 같은 이들 두 種과 대칭이의 中間 程度에 位置하는 蛋白質 패턴을 나타내고 있었다. 본 연구에서는 Bivalvia가 함께 다 갖는 6개의 蛋白質 band들과, 꼬막과 새꼬막에서만 나타나는 4개의 特有한 蛋白質 band가 存在함이 發見되었으며 Eulamellibranchia目의 4종에 있어서 다 나타나는 2개의 protein band들 과, 대합과 비늘백합에서만 나타나는 23,000 dalton의 特有한 band도 發見되었다. 그리고 各 種마다 가지는 特有한 蛋白質 패턴의 分子量을 測定하여 比較하였다.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제53권2호
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• pp.244-250
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• 2020

Microplastic pollution in the marine ecosystem has been emerged as a global issue. In this study, we investigated the abundance of microplastics from clam Meretrix lusoria, blood arkshell Scapharca broughtonii, and warty sea squirt Styela clava obtained from a local market in Busan, Korea. The marine organisms were digested in 10% KOH, and were incubated at 40℃ and 150 rpm, for 7 days. The digest was filtered through standard sieve (5 mm, 1 mm, 300 ㎛, and 100 ㎛), and mciroplastics were identified using a light microscope and microFT-IR. The abundance of microplastics of clam, blood arkshell, warty sea squirt was 0.08 items/g, 0.05 items/g, and 0.12 items/g, respectively. The predominant microplastic size was in the range of 100-300 ㎛, occupying 48%, and the predominant type was fiber. The composition of microplastics was mostly rayon, semi-synthetic cellulosic material and polyester, which are main component of fabric and textile. We strongly believe that this preliminary work may provide useful information for the establishment of the standardized analysis method of microplastics ingested by marine organisms.

• 한국어업기술학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국어업기술학회 2000년도 춘계수산관련학회 공동학술대회발표요지집
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• pp.90-91
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• 2000

The physiological systems that control blood fluidity are both complex and elegant. Blood must remain fluid within the vasculature and yet clot quickly when exposed to nonendothelial surfaces at sites of vascular injury. There are two principle mechanisms to control a delicate balance in higher organisms (Davie & Ratnoff, 1964). Present evidence suggests that the intrinsic pathway play an important role in the growth and maintenance of fibrin formation in the coagulation cascade while a second overlapping mechanism, called the extrinsic pathway, is critical in the initiation of fibrin formation. Coagulation factors is in two mechanisms, and in order to clot blood, they are activated by a cooperation with $Ca^{2+}$, phospholipid and vitamin K etc. For example, the human placental anticoagulant protein (PAP of PAP- I), which is a $Ca^{2+}$ -dependent phospholipid binding protein (Funakoshi et al., 1987) inhibited the activity of factor Xa, so that it prolonged fibrin formation. We wondered whether any other protein was involved in regulation of the coagulant system as an anticoagulant protein from natural organisms. Natural agents would have not harmful side-effects in comparision with chemically synthesized materials such as warfarin, aspirin, phenindione, etc.. But anticoagulant agents from natural, especially marine organisms have hardly been researched except for polysaccharides from marine algae. (omitted)

• 한국패류학회지
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.105-113
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• 1999

벗굴을 양식산업에 적용하여 그 생산성을 높일 수 있는 방안을 강구하기 위하여 이 종에 대한 자연서식지의 환경특성과 이매패의 자원량을 조사하였다. 벗굴 서식지 주변해역에서 수온은 5.5$^{\circ}C$-27.4$^{\circ}C$의 범위였고, 염분은 31.2-33.4 로 평균 32.3 였다. DO, COD, DIN 및 PO$_{4}$$^{3}$-P은 각각 평균 7.11 mg/L, 0.44 mg/L, 4.55 $\mu\textrm{g}$-at./L 및 0.36 $\mu\textrm{g}$-at./L이었다. 표층퇴적물의 입도조성은 사력질, 니사질, 사니질 등으로 다양하게 나타났으며, 퇴적물의 IL, COD 및 AVS는 각각 평균 2.6%, 13.70 mg/g dry 및 0.33 mg/g dry였다. 한편, 식물플랑크톤의 현존량은 90.3(9월)-1,272.0 cell/ml(2월)이었으며, 우점종은 Skeletonema costatum, Paralia sulcata, Eucampia zodiacus, Chaetoceros curvicetus, Chaetoceros affinis, Chaetoceros debilis, Chaetoceros decipiens, Asterionella glacialis, Pseudo-nitzschia longissima, Pseudonitzschia seriata, Ceratium furca, Ceratium fusus 등이었다. 벗굴 서식지에서 출현한 조개류는 벗굴(Ostrea denselamellosa), 참굴(Crassostrea gigas), 바지락(Tapes philippinarum), 새고막(Scaphaca subcrenata), 피조개(Scaphaca broughtonii), 키조개(Atrina pectinata), 새조개(Fulvia mutica), 진주담치(Mytilus edulis), 살조개(Protothaca jedoensis), 갈색이랑조개(Megacardita ferruginosa) 등 모두 10종이었다. 그리고 이매패류의 평균 자원량은 21개체/$m^2$(479.14 g/$m^2$)이었고, 벗굴은 0.25 개체/$m^2$(231.25 g/$m^2$)로 나타났다.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제42권1호
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• pp.8-14
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• 2009

To prevent the food poisoning originated by consumption of shellfish contaminated with domoic acid, the quantitative analysis of domoic acid is to be very important. The stability of domoic acid at different temperature, pH and light was investigated using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The mean recoveries of domoic acid in the methanol extracts from oyster (Crassostrea gigas), blue mussel (Mytilus edulis), short neck clam (Ruditapes philippinarum) and ark shell (Scapharca broughtonii) were 85.4-104.5%, 94.8-101.2%, 91.0-104.6%, and 95.7-109.6%, respectively. The working solutions of domoic acid standard were very stable for one month at $-18^{\circ}C$, $4^{\circ}C$, and room temperature. And domoic acid in the methanol extract from oyster was stable for a day at $4^{\circ}C$ and room temperature, and for a week at $-18^{\circ}C$. Therefore, this implies that quantitative analysis for domoic acid must consider the storage conditions of the standard solutions and the methanol extracts from shellfish. The standard solutions adjusted to pH 3-9 were also stable after heating at $121^{\circ}C$ for 30 min. The effect of light exposure on domoic acid was tested by exposing the methanol extracts to light. Domoic acid degraded slowly when the samples were kept in the dark (brown vial). However, following the light exposure the photodegradation became more rapid; no detectable domoic acid remained in $1.0{\mu}g/mL$ of methanol extract after 5 hours.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제46권5호
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• pp.528-533
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• 2013

This study evaluated the impact of antimicrobial resistant bacteria produced by inland pollution sources on coastal areas, and investigates antimicrobial resistance profiles of bacteria isolated from marine filter feeders. A total of 107 shellfish (short-necked clams Ruditapes philippinarum, ark shells Scapharca broughtonii, and oysters Crassostrea gigas) were collected from the southern coast of Korea, from which 204 Escherichia coli strains were isolated. The antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of isolated strains were analyzed for 15 antimicrobial agents used in Korea for clinical or veterinary therapy. Antimicrobial resistance was present in 44.6% of E. coli isolates against at least one antimicrobial agent. The rate of antimicrobial resistance in the Narodo area was higher than isolates from the Gangjinman area and Kamak Bay. E. coli isolates had a higher rate of resistance against: tetracycline (29.9%), streptomycin (25.5%), and trimethoprim (14.2%). Of 204 isolates, 29 (14.2%) were resistant to multiple antimicrobial agents.

• 수산해양기술연구
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• 제52권1호
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• pp.48-55
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• 2016

The species composition and distribution of catches by dredge gear in the Yeongil Bay, Korea were investigated on a seasonal basis from February to November, 2015. Total catches consisted of 44 species and 35 families. They were 13 species of fish, 10 species of crustacea, 5 species of echinodermata, 5 species of gastropoda, 4 species of cephalopoda and 3 species of bivalvia. Major catch species was shellfish and had seasonal variations in catch. In spring and winter, the catch of ark shell (Scapharca broughtonii) was increased. Adversely, the catch of admas venus clam (Callithaca adamsi) increased in sunmmer and autumn. Species diversity indices was high as the value of 1.99 in spring, and low to the value of 0.34 in summer. In addition, multi dimentional scaling (MDS) indices also was high in spring as the value of 1.99. In summer, the index was low as the value of 0.34. Similarity analysis based on species data was transformed by fourth root. With the result of cluster analysis and MDS analysis, species was divided into two groups. The first group as Group A consists of winter and spring species and another was Group B made of species in summer and winter.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제49권4호
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• pp.460-466
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• 2016

From 2013 through 2015, we investigated the contamination status and antimicrobial resistance patterns of pathogenic Vibrio parahaemolyticus in commercially valuable seawater and shellfish (Oyster Crassostrea gigas, short-neck clam Venerupis philippinarum, ark shell Scapharca broughtonii and mussel Mytilus galloprovinciallis) from the southern coast of Korea. The detection rate of V. parahaemolyticus was highest in short-neck clams (23.7%), followed by ark shells (19.2%), oysters (15.9%), mussels (13.6%), and seawater (8.6%). The following percentages of PCR assays of shellfish were positive for the thermostable direct hemolysin-related hemolysin gene (trh) : oysters (12.8%), short-neck clams(11.8%), and ark shells (3.4%). Similar assays for the thermostable direct hemolysin gene (tdh) resulted in positive results for short-neck clams (5.9%) and ark shells (3.4%). Antimicrobial resistance was present in 100% of 8 tdh (+) and 2 trh (+) V. parahaemolyticus isolates challenged with ampicillin. However, all pathogenic V. parahaemolyticus were sensitive to 14 other antibiotics. To ensure the safety of shellfish consumption, the continuous monitoring of the prevalence and distribution of virulence factors of V. parahaemolyticus in shellfish farms is needed.

• 한국양식학회지
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• 제19권4호
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• pp.288-298
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• 2006

득량만의 조개류 유생의 분포를 연구하기 위하여 1995년 5월부터 11월까지 만 전체에 29개의 정점에서 유생을 채집 조사하였다. 조개류 유생의 출현량(개체/$m^3$)은 5월(3,736 개체/$m^3$)부터 증가하여 8월(174,616 개체/$m^3$)에 최고에 이른 후 11월 (2,171 개체/$m^3$)까지 계속 감소하였다. 5월부터 11월까지 출현한 $1\;m^3$ 당 평균 총 유생 가운데 D상은 76%, 각정기 유생은 18%, 성숙 각정기 유생은 6%를 차지하였다. 5월부터 11월까지 득량만에서 동정된 9종의 조개류 유생 중 새고막은 14,030 개체/$m^3$로 전체 동정된 유생의 33.5%를 차지하였으며, 피조개(16.2%), 참굴(12.5%), 종밋(11.0%), 진주담치(10.2%)의 순이었다. 득량만 조개류의 유생 분포의 결과로 추정해 볼 때 진주담치와 종밋을 제외한 대부분 조개류의 주 산란시기는 7월 일 것으로 판단된다. 득량만 조개류 유생의 공간적인 분포는 종에 따라 차이를 보이나, 전체적으로 보면 만 입구에서는 출현량이 적고, 수심이 얕고 수온이 높은 만 안쪽과 서쪽 해역에서는 출현량이 많았다.

• 한국어병학회지
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• 제27권2호
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• pp.107-114
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• 2014

세균성 어류질병의 치료 및 예방을 위하여 어류와 인체에 안전한 수산용 probiotic의 개발이 요구되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 남해안 일대에서 양식되고 있는 참굴 (Crassostrea gigas), 바지락 (Ruditapes philippinarum), 피조개 (Scapharca broughtonii), 새조개 (Fulvia mutica)의 가식 부위로부터 17균주의 candidate probiotic bacteria (CPB)를 분리하였다. 나아가 다양한 연쇄상구균 (Lactococcus garvieae, L. piscium, Streptococcus sp., S. iniae, and S. parauberis)에 대하여 강한 생장 억제력을 보이는 균주(CPB-St)를 선별하여 어류의 연쇄구균증 관리를 위한 probiotic 균주로서의 개발 가능성을 알아보았다. CPB-St 균주를 double layer test를 통하여 다양한 연쇄상구균들에 대한 생장 억제 정도를 알아보았으며, 혼합 배양에서의 Streptococcus sp.에 대한 생장 억제 능력을 확인하였고, CPB-St의 어류에 대한 안전성 및 장내 생존 유무를 평가하였다. CPB-St는 대부분의 연쇄상구균에 대하여 18~26 mm의 생장 억제대를 형성함으로써 높은 생장 억제 능력을 보였다. CPB-St와의 혼합 배양에서 Streptococcus sp.는 6시간째부터 생장 억제 현상이 관찰되기 시작하여 12시간 전후로 8~55배 정도의 감소를 나타내었다. CPB-St의 어류에 대한 병원성 유 무를 알아본 결과, 2주일 동안 CPB-St로 인한 어류 폐사는 관찰되지 않았다. CPB-St의 1회 강제 경구 투여 후, 위와 장에서 CPB-St의 생존을 확인한 결과 투여 24시간 후에는 CPB-St가 모두 배출되는 것으로 나타났다. CPB-St를 probiotic bacteria로 개발하기 위해서는 어류의 장내 정착 가능성과 먹이를 통한 효과의 정확한 검증이 추후 이루어져야 할 것이다.