• Journal of Korean society of Dental Hygiene
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.133-146
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• 2008

Purpose: This research aims to investigate into company workers' awareness of scaling and related factors and provide basic materials for setting up appropriate policies to improve the hygiene of the mouth of industrial workers and developing training programs for the worker's hygiene of their mouth, as part of researches to establish schemes for improving the workers's hygiene of their mouth. Method: Questionnaire was conducted by convenience sampling for 220 office workers belonging to H Group located in Seoul Metropolitan city over about 5 weeks between December 17, 2007 and January 20, 2008. The questionnaire for this study was constructed in consideration of general characteristics of the subjects, behaviors of the dental management. and scaling. The collected questionnaires were electronically processed using SPSS 12.0. Result: The followings are the findings of this research. First, in general, scaling is experienced by male unmarried worker in their 40s. whose monthly average income is 1.00-1.99 million won and have little interest in the hygiene of their mouth and, consequently. whose hygiene of the mouth is not good. Second, scaling is experienced once every six months by the worker in their 50s or older, who are college graduates and have much interest in the hygiene of their mouth and, consequently. whose hygiene of the mouth is good. Third. scaling is not periodically conducted because of high costs of it in terms of almost every parameter of general characteristics. Fourth, they have correct knowledge of scaling since they regard it as 'removing of plaque and tartar' in terms of every parameter of general characteristics. Fifth, the workers' sex (pE0.05), hygienic condition of the mouth (pE0.05) and knowledge of scaling (pE0.001) have a significant effect on their scaling experience. Conclusion: It is considered that dental health management should be continued by training of the importance of prevention through scaling as measure for dental health promotion of workers.

• Journal of Korean society of Dental Hygiene
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.355-368
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• 2017

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to examine the recognition about scaling after health insurance benefit business for scaling by national health insurance corporation for the general public. Methods: In order to examine the recognition about scaling after health insurance benefit business for scaling by national health insurance corporation for the general public, study subjects were selected from those who are over 20 years old, living in Seoul and Gyeonggi province since December 2016. Among 300 selected subjects, data of 279 subjects were used for the analysis which is 93% of selected data, except 21 data with insufficient responses. Results: Results of examined factors affecting the recognition about scaling after health insurance benefit business for scaling by national health insurance corporation for the general public show that the recognition about scaling after national health insurance benefit is affected by female (p<0.05), past smoker (p<0.01), exercise more than 3 times a week (p<0.05) and 1-2 times a month (p<0.001) in order. Conclusions: It is necessary to prepare a plan to properly inform the national health insurance benefit for dental scaling and to raise the recognition about the necessity of scaling.

• Journal of Korean society of Dental Hygiene
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.177-189
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• 2018

Objectives: To provide necessary information for stable establishment of the national dental scaling reimbursement system. Methods: This study was conducted in 380 adults in their twenties or older for about one month from July 2017. The questionnaires were composed of general characteristics, recognition (awareness) of dental scaling, knowledge of the dental scaling reimbursement program, changes in perception before versus after introduction of the dental scaling reimbursement program, and interest in oral health. To investigate into any factors affecting changes of interest in oral health care after introduction of the dental scaling reimbursement program, a multiple regression analysis was performed. Results: The investigation into any factors affecting changes of interest in oral health care after introduction of the dental scaling reimbursement program showed that higher usual interest in oral health (p<0.001) and the consideration that the dental scaling charges have been affordable after introduction of the scaling reimbursement program (p<0.01) led to more changes in interest in oral health care. Conclusions: The above-mentioned results suggest that the dental scaling reimbursement program has brought favorable changes in the perception of dental scaling. It is expected that the said program will contribute significantly to the improved national oral health, and the Government should make constant efforts to develop it as a long-term policy for oral health improvement.

• Journal of Korean Port Research
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.37-46
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• 2001

Fuzzy logic control(FLC) is composed of three parts : fuzzy rule-bases, membership functions, and scaling factors. Well-defined fuzzy rule-base should contain proper physical intuition on the plant, so are needed lots of experiences of the skillful expert. When membership functions are considered, some parameters on the memberships function such as function shape, support, allocation density should be selected well. The rule of scaling factors is 'scaling'(amplifying or reducing) for both input and output signals of the FLC to fit in the membership function support and to operate the plant intentionally. To get a better performance of the FLC, it is necessary to adjust the parameters of the FLC. In general, the adaptation of the scaling factors is the most effective adjustment scheme, compared with that of the fuzzy rule-base or membership function parameters. This study proposes the adaptation scheme of the scaling factors. When the adaptation is performed on-line, the stability of the adaptive FLC should be guaranteed. The stable FLC system can be designed with stability analysis in the sense of Lyapunov stability. To adapt the scaling factors for the error signals, the concept of the conventional MRAC would be introduced into slightly modified form. A tracking accuracy of the control system would be enhanced by the modified shape and support of the membership function. The simulation is achieved on the pilot plant with the hydraulic steering control of a UCT(Unmanned Container Transporter) of which modeling dynamics have lots of severe uncertainties and modeling errors.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers A
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• v.30 no.11 s.254
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• pp.1401-1407
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• 2006

In a haptic interface system with a nanoscale virtual environment (NVE) using an atomic force microscope (AFM), impedance scaling is important. In order to explicitly derive the relationship between performance and impedance scaling factors, a nanoscale virtual coupling (NSVC) concept and a selection method of scaling factors of velocity (or position) and force are introduced. An available scaling factor region is represented based on Llewellyn's absolute stability criteria and the physical limitation of the haptic device. Experiments have been performed for tele-nanomanipulation tasks such as positioning, indenting and nanolithography with available force scaling factor in the NVE.

• Proceedings of the KIPE Conference
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• 2000.07a
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• pp.460-463
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• 2000

Fuzzy logic control(FLC) has been studied extensively and has been applied in various applications. The most popular control strategy takes the Fuzzy Proportional-Integral(FPI) form while systematic methods have been developed to derive the fuzzy rules and membership functions the choice of the scaling factors remains an open problem, In this paper an analytical FPI scaling factor determining method is derived based on the functional equivalence of the PI and FPI controllers. Simulation have been carried out with a brushless DC motor drive system as test-bed the obtained results drive system as test-bed the obtained results have verified that the derived method is applicable to both the initial choice and further tuning of the FPI scaling factors.

• Journal of Korean society of Dental Hygiene
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• v.16 no.5
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• pp.669-676
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• 2016

Objectives: The purpose of the study was to investigate the related factors of scaling experience of multi-cultural adolescents in Korea. Methods: The subjects were 698 multi-cultural adolescents from web-based survey of the 11th(2015) Korean Youth Risk Behavior. Multi-cultural adolescents are defined as the children of marriage migrant women. The study instruments included demographical characteristics of the subjects, oral health behaviors, daily tooth brushing times, health behaviors, and experience of smoking and alcohol consumption. Data were analyzed using PASW statistics 18.0. Results: The experience rate of scaling was 18.8%. Multiple logistic regression analysis revealed that experience of scaling were related with experiences of sealant and fruit consumption. Conclusions: It is very important to provide the continuing oral health prevention program for the adolescents and investigate the cost-benefit effectiveness of oral health care program.

• Journal of Korean society of Dental Hygiene
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• v.17 no.6
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• pp.1207-1214
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• 2017

Objectives: This study aims to investigate degree of scaling fear (Fear when scaling: FWS, Fear from dental hygienist unbelief: FFDHU, and Fear after scaling: FAS) in college students. Methods: 113 students were recruited for the study in Daegu Health College between March and June of 2017. Frequency table of general characteristics was generated, and then the t-test and ANOVA (scheffes's post hoct) were used to analyze the differences between scaling fear and two or three groups of variables. Results: Mean scores of scaling fear in 113 students were 2.24 (FWS), 1.76 (FFDHU), and 1.76 (FAS). Score 2.48 of female's scaling fear (FWS) was significantly higher than men's 2.02 (p<0.05). Smokers who have smoked less than 3 years (2.56) (FWS) were lower than those who have smoked over 3 years (1.55) (p<0.01). Score of students want the explanation of scaling when scaling (1.94) (FWS) were significantly higher than those who does not (1.59) (p<0.05). Conclusions: The findings of this study showed that there were gender and smoking periods when scaling to effect a score of scaling fear.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 1992.07a
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• pp.261-264
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• 1992

In designing the fuzzy rule-based system, it has effected by the four significant factors such as the choice of membership function, scaling factor, the numbers of fuzzy control rule, the method of defuzzification. In this paper we design the fuzzy rule based system and evaluate by three factors, as followes reaching time, overshoot, and amplitude. And then we wiII show that the significant factors are the choice of scaling factor and the numbers of fuzzy control rule, and the system performance can be improved by the proper selection of the scaling factors.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 1992.07a
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• pp.265-268
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• 1992

The control performances of a fuzzy controller depend on its control rules, I/O membership functions, and scaling factors. Scaling factors are very important to adjust control parameters to the process which is to be controlled. For tuning the sealing factors, trial and error method is used in conventional fuzzy controller, which is very difficult and time consuming. This paper proposes a tuning method of scaling factors based on the concept of tuning rules for the conventional Pl controller parameters. The proposed automatic tuning fuzzy controller was evaluated by computer simulations. Good results have been obtained for the small hydro power plant.