• 한국군사과학기술학회지
• /
• 제11권1호
• /
• pp.66-74
• /
• 2008

This paper presents a new small target detection method using scale invariant feature. Detecting small targets whose sizes are varying is very important to automatic target detection. Scale invariant feature using the Laplacian scale-space can detect different sizes of targets robustly compared to the conventional spatial filtering methods with fixed kernel size. Additionally, scale-reflected adaptive thresholding can reduce many false alarms. Experimental results with real IR images show the robustness of the proposed target detection in real world.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
• /
• 제11권10호
• /
• pp.4929-4947
• /
• 2017

In visual object tracking, Correlation Filter-based Tracking (CFT) systems have arouse recently to be the most accurate and efficient methods. The CFT's circularly shifts the larger search window to find most likely position of the target. The need of larger search window to cover both background and object make an algorithm sensitive to the background and the target occlusions. Further, the use of fixed-sized windows for training makes them incapable to handle scale variations during tracking. To address these problems, we propose two layer target representation in which both global and local appearances of the target is considered. Multiple local patches in the local layer provide robustness to the background changes and the target occlusion. The target representation is enhanced by employing additional reversed RGB channels to prevent the loss of black objects in background during tracking. The final target position is obtained by the adaptive weighted average of confidence maps from global and local layers. Furthermore, the target scale variation in tracking is handled by the statistical model, which is governed by adaptive constraints to ensure reliability and accuracy in scale estimation. The proposed structural enhancement is tested on VTBv1.0 benchmark for its accuracy and robustness.

• 한국컴퓨터정보학회논문지
• /
• 제21권11호
• /
• pp.31-38
• /
• 2016

In this paper, we propose multi-scale infrared target detection algorithm with varied filter size using integral image. Filter based target detection is widely used for small target detection, but it doesn't suit for large target detection depending on the filter size. When there are multi-scale targets on the sky background, detection filter with small filter size can not detect the whole shape of the large targe. In contrast, detection filter with large filter size doesn't suit for small target detection, but also it requires a large amount of processing time. The proposed algorithm integrates the filtering results of varied filter size for the detection of small and large targets. The proposed algorithm has good performance for both small and large target detection. Furthermore, the proposed algorithm requires a less processing time, since it use the integral image to make the mean images with different filter sizes for subtraction between the original image and the respective mean image. In addition, we propose the implementation of real-time embedded system using FPGA.

• 한국멀티미디어학회논문지
• /
• 제14권4호
• /
• pp.529-537
• /
• 2011

본 논문에서는 물체를 구성하고 있는 컬러들의 기하학적 중심을 이용하여 물체의 크기에 적응적인 추적 알고리즘을 제안한다. 대부분의 크기 적응적 알고리즘은 표적윈도우의 크기를 결정하기 위하여 히스토그램을 사용한다. 그러나, 이러한 방법은 표적의 배경에 표적의 색상과 유사한 물체가 존재하거나 표적의 일부분이 폐색되었을 때 표적의 크기를 추정하는데 실패한다. 이것은 히스토그램이 영역에 대한 기하학적인 공간정보를 상실한채 표적 컬러의 화소수하고만 연관되기 때문이다. 이러한 분석을 바탕으로 본 논문은 표적 컬러의 화소수의 변화에 상대적으로 덜 민감한 표적의 컬러 중심을 이용한 크기 적응 알고리즘을 제안한다. 컬러의 중심들은 공간정보를 가지고 있기 때문에 컬러중심과 표적 영역의 크기에는 직접적인 상관관계가 존재한다. 표적의 크기 변화를 추정하기 위하여 각각의 표적 컬러에 대한 줌팩터를 추정한 후, 적절한 필터링 과정을 통해 하나의 줌팩터를 추정한다. 제안한 크기 추정 알고리즘은 중심이동 기반의 추적 알고리즘과 결합된다. 제안된 크기 적응적 추적 알고리즘은 배경에 유사한 컬러가 존재하는 경우에도 안정적으로 작동하는 것을 실험으로 검증한다.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
• /
• 제13권4호
• /
• pp.2094-2112
• /
• 2019

Focusing on the issue that the conventional Kernel Correlation Filter (KCF) algorithm has poor performance in handling scale change and obscured objects, this paper proposes an anti-occlusion and scale adaptive tracking algorithm in the basis of KCF. The average Peak-to Correlation Energy and the peak value of correlation filtering response are used as the confidence indexes to determine whether the target is obscured. In the case of non-occlusion, we modify the searching scheme of the KCF. Instead of searching for a target with a fixed sample size, we search for the target area with multiple scales and then resize it into the sample size to compare with the learnt model. The scale factor with the maximum filter response is the best target scaling and is updated as the optimal scale for the following tracking. Once occlusion is detected, the model updating and scale updating are stopped. Experiments have been conducted on the OTB benchmark video sequences for compassion with other state-of-the-art tracking methods. The results demonstrate the proposed method can effectively improve the tracking success rate and the accuracy in the cases of scale change and occlusion, and meanwhile ensure a real-time performance.

• 천문학회보
• /
• 제39권2호
• /
• pp.46-46
• /
• 2014

Interactions such as mergers and flybys play a fundamental role in shaping galaxy morphology. We used the Horizon Run 4 cosmological N-body simulations to study the frequency and the type of halo interactions as a function of the environment, the separation p, the mass ratio q, and the target halo mass. We defined targets as haloes more massive than 10^11 Msun/h, and a target is interacting if it is located within the virial radius of a neighbour halo more massive than 0.4 times the target mass. We find that the interaction rate as a function of time has a universal shape for different halo mass and large-scale density, with an increase and saturation. Larger density yield steeper slopes and larger final interaction rates, while larger masses saturate later. Most interactions happen at large-scale density contrast ${\delta}$ about 10^3, regardless of the redshift. We also report the existence of two modes of interactions in the (p,q) plane, reflecting the nature (satellite or main halo) of the target halo. These two trends strongly evolve with redshift, target mass, and large-scale density. Interacting pairs have similar spins parameters and aligned spins, with radial trajectories, and prograde encounters for non-radial trajectories. The satellite trajectories become less and less radial as time proceed. This effect is stronger for higher-mass target, but independent of the large-scale density.

• 대한임베디드공학회논문지
• /
• 제12권4호
• /
• pp.231-238
• /
• 2017

Detecting small infrared targets from the low-SCR images at a long distance is very hard. The previous Local Contrast Method (LCM) algorithm based on the human visual system shows a superior performance of detecting small targets by a background suppression technique through local contrast measure. However, its slow processing speed due to the heavy multi-scale processing overhead is not suitable to a variety of real-time applications. This paper presents a lightweight real-time small target detection algorithm, called by the Improved Selective Local Contrast Method (ISLCM), to reduce the scale-invariant computational overhead. The proposed ISLCM applies the improved local contrast measure to the predicted selective region so that it may have a comparable detection performance as the previous LCM while guaranteeing low scale-invariant computational load by exploiting both adaptive scale estimation and small target feature feasibility. Experimental results show that the proposed algorithm can reduce its computational overhead considerably while maintaining its detection performance compared with the previous LCM.

• 전자공학회논문지CI
• /
• 제45권6호
• /
• pp.194-203
• /
• 2008

CCTV와 같은 기존의 영상 감시 시스템들은 상황을 통제하는 오퍼레이터에 많이 의존했었다. 하지만, 최근 제품화 되고 있는 시스템들은 오퍼레이터에 의존하지 않고 시스템 안에서 자동으로 문제를 해결할 수 있도록 지능화 되고 있다. 하지만, 시스템에서 자동으로 상황을 처리하기에 많은 문제가 존재한다. Occlusion, 타겟의 Scale, Affine 변화가 대표적인 문제인데, 본 논문에서는 타겟의 크기변 화로 인해 발생하는 정보 손상 문제를 다룬다. 이 문제는 타겟의 크기가 다양하게 변화함으로써 정확한 정보를 얻지 못하고, 배경 정보를 흡수함으로써 추적 알고리즘의 성능을 크게 저하시키는 원인이 된다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 물체의 크기가 변화함으로써 타겟 정보를 손상시키는 문제를 최소화하기 위한 방법을 제안한다. 이 문제를 해결하기 위해 Multi-Stage Sampling을 이용한 Particle Filter를 기반으로 물체 추적 알고리즘에 적합하도록 개량된 MSER을 이용하였다. 이를 통해 타겟 물체의 크기가 다양하게 변화해도 정확한 크기를 추정함으로써 이 문제를 해결할 수 있다.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
• /
• 제10권11호
• /
• pp.5624-5638
• /
• 2016

A novel method based on Surf points is proposed to detect and lock-track single ground target in aerial videos. Videos captured by moving cameras contain complex motions, which bring difficulty in moving object detection. Our approach contains three parts: moving target template detection, search area estimation and target tracking. Global motion estimation and compensation are first made by grids-sampling Surf points selecting and matching. And then, the single ground target is detected by joint spatial-temporal information processing. The temporal process is made by calculating difference between compensated reference and current image and the spatial process is implementing morphological operations and adaptive binarization. The second part improves KALMAN filter with surf points scale information to predict target position and search area adaptively. Lastly, the local Surf points of target template are matched in this search region to realize target tracking. The long-term tracking is updated following target scaling, occlusion and large deformation. Experimental results show that the algorithm can correctly detect small moving target in dynamic scenes with complex motions. It is robust to vehicle dithering and target scale changing, rotation, especially partial occlusion or temporal complete occlusion. Comparing with traditional algorithms, our method enables real time operation, processing $520{\times}390$ frames at around 15fps.

• 한국음향학회지
• /
• 제20권3호
• /
• pp.91-97
• /
• 2001

능동소나 시스템에서 표적신호의 근거리 정보가 중요해짐에 따라, 표적 음향산란 신호의 고유한 특성을 분석하기 위해 실험적인 방법과 시뮬레이션 기법이 사용된다. 본 논문에서는 표적신호 합성을 위해 축소표적 반향실험을 수행하였고. 자료의 분석 결과 축소표적의 음향산란은 거울면 반사의 영향이 큰 것으로 분석되어, 표적신호 합성에서 기하광학이론을 응용하였다. 복잡한 형태의 표적을 여러 표본형상으로 분리하고, 각 표본형상의 기여도를 신호의 위상과 강도를 줌으로써 계산하였으며, 표적신호 합성모델의 검증을 위해 실제 축소표적 실험 결과와 비교하였다.