• Journal of Korean Medicine for Obesity Research
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.21-32
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• 2009

Objectives Identification of individuals predisposed to obesity is an important issue for prevention and control of the obesity. It was reported that a high prevalence of obesity appeared in Taeumin among Sasang constitutions, but Enneagram personality-types has not been used to classify the patterns of obesity. These two classification methods were employed in combination in the current study, and it was analyzed whether the morbidity pattern of obesity can be characterized in further detail. Methods The subjects were 125 University students(62 males and 63 females) who answered both questionnaires for Sasang constitutions and Enneagram personality types. The obesity of students was classified by the obesity index and BMI. Results Only Taeumin group of Sasang constitutions was overweight, and the male of the group was overweight or obese. Analysis of the obesity index and BMI according to the Enneagram personality types showed significant differences(p<.05) between the types in the female group. These values were highest at the type 3 and lowest at the type 4. The physical indices according to both the centers of Enneagram and Sasang constitutions showed that only Taeumin female group had significant differences(p<.05) in the obesity index and BMI. Taeumin male group was overweight or obese in all centers of Enneagram and Taeumin female group was overweight or obese only in heart-center. Conclusions Diagnosis of the present data suggest that the classification of obesity patterns using Enneagram personality types in addition to Sasang constitutions is very useful to prevent and control the obesity.

• Journal of Sasang Constitutional Medicine
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.82-93
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• 2007

1. Objectives Functional medicine is a system which utilizes certain Investigative and treatment methods that are primarily oriented toward the recognition of functional disorder. The 7-zone-diagnostic system(VEGA-DFM722 and ABR-2000, etc) is a diagnostic device which applies pulse signals to predetermined bodily locations. We think that we can discriminate between Soeumin, Soyangin and Taeumin with this system. 2. Methods The subject of our study is no disease men and women who are decided the same constitution both survey of the QSCC II and diagnosis of specialist of the Sasang Constitution. All subject are 76(Soeumin(N=24), Soyangin(N=17), Taeumin(N=35)) cases. We make an analysis of a distinctive feature on the result of the VEGA-DFM722. 3. Results and Conclusions 1) Soeumin or Taeumin women had that the red bar graphs of and 1, 2 and 3 are lower than the red bar graphs of zone 4, 5, 6 and 7 in factor AA on the result of the VEGA-DFM722 with the naked eye. Soyangin or Taeumin men had that the red bar graphs of zone 1,2 and 3 are higher than the red bar graphs of tone 4, 5, 6 and 7 in factor AA on the result of the VEGA-DFM722 with the naked eye. 2) The typical discrimination between Soeumin and Soyangin showed statistical significance(p<0.05) in Factor PF 4(red bar) on the result of VEGA-DFM722.

• Journal of Sasang Constitutional Medicine
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.227-236
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• 2009

1. Objectives As a basic trial for identification of Sasang constitutional gene marker, we genotyped and analysed statistical relationships of STR(short tandem repeat) alleles and its distribution in each constitution. 2. Methods After obtaining basic constitutional data with questionnaire (QSCC II), decision of constitution was made by 3 different constitution specialists' diagnosis, and only the samples of specialists' agreement of each constitution by discussion were taken into this research. Using multiplex PCR kit, total 146 constitutional samples were amplified in 16 autosomal STR marker, genotyped, and analysed statistically. Among 16 markers, 15 were analysed in this study excluding the amelogenin marker is used for in gender identification. 3. Results and Conclusions It is difficult to determine the relationship between constitution and STR marker as the sample size is small, however, Penta D and vWA were shown to be related statistically with constitution. It has been know that STRs has no genetic informations, however there are some recent research results showing STRs as a regulatory element, relationship between microsatellite instability and repeat number and size, and post-transcriptional sigualing. STRs which is not known about its function currently, are proposed to have function and/or regulatory activities anyhow with Sasang constitution. It is believed that the results of this study can halp determine and deatify the markers related to Sasang Constitutional Medicien.

• Journal of Society of Preventive Korean Medicine
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.59-74
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• 2022

Objectives : Evidence supporting the cold-heat symptom and sasang constitution type, which are diagnostic items of traditional Korean medicine, is needed to manage sleep disturbances, which is a typical symptom of mibyeong (subhealth). This study examined the association between each cold-heat symptom and sleep disturbances according to each sasang constitution type. Methods : This research was a cross-sectional study of 5,793 subjects from the Korean Medicine Data Center (KDC) community cohort survey. The association between each cold-heat symptom and sleep disturbances was analyzed by logistic regression analysis adjusted for several demographic variables. Subgroup analysis was then performed for each type of sasang constitution. Results : The soeum and soyang types were 1.53 and 1.26 times more likely to have sleep disturbances than the taeum type. Sleep disturbances were associated with 'coldness of the abdomen', 'watery mouth' in the cold domain items, and 'body feverishness', 'flushed face and eye', 'thirst', and 'scanty dark urine' in the heat domain items. The soeum and soyang types were 1.55 and 1.39 times more likely to sleep less than five hours per night than the taeeum type. In addition, the associations of those showed a different pattern for each sasang constitution type. Conclusions : Sleep disturbances are associated with specific cold-heat symptoms, and the associated cold-heat symptoms differ according to the sasang constitution type. These results may help traditional medicine specialists select customized interventions for patients with sleep disturbances.

• Phonetics and Speech Sciences
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• v.1 no.3
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• pp.155-163
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• 2009

This paper introduces an automatic voice classification system for the diagnosis of individual constitution based on Sasang Constitutional Medicine (SCM) in Traditional Korean Medicine (TKM). For the developing of this algorithm, we used the voices of 473 speakers and extracted a total of 144 speech features from the speech data consisting of five sustained vowels and one sentence. The classification system, based on a rule-based algorithm that is derived from a non parametric statistical method, presents binary negative decisions. In conclusion, 55.7% of the speech data were diagnosed by this system, of which 72.8% were correct negative decisions.

• Journal of Sasang Constitutional Medicine
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.339-349
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• 2014

Objectives This study was performed to make a short-form of Sasang Constitution Questionnaire for Patient(SSCQ-P). Methods In order to select important questions of SSCQ-P, we got advice from 10 professors of Oriental Medicine. As a result, we chose 37 questions. In addition, we selected 69 questions which had been used more than 12 times in SSCQ-P as the variable. We used some statistical methods to reduce questions. Finally, a total of 40 questions were selected. To find diagnostic accuracy rate of this short-form, discriminant analysis was performed. We used 1378 cases which was collect ed from February 2008 to June 2013 by online system(Sasang-medi data which has selected by web site, http://www.sasangmedi.or.kr), and 68 cases which was collected from November 2006 to September 2007 by the research "Construction of a biological information collection system for the Constitutional scientific diagnosis"(Korea Constitutional Multicenter Bank data, KCMB data) Results We made a short-form of SSCQ-P consisting of 40 questions. Diagnostic accuracy rate of short-form is 66.18% using Sasang-medi data, and 42.65% using KCMB data. Conclusions More cases are needed to improve the diagnostic accuracy rate of this short-form.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.32 no.4
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• pp.185-196
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• 2018

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the current inter-expert agreement of Sasang Constitution Medicine (SCM), to expand the current knowledge on the causes of imperfect inter-expert agreement, and to explore possible solutions for improving inter-expert agreement. A literature search was conducted to gather data on the studies on diagnosis of SCM. The 127 articles included in this analysis had a mean 4.1 publications per year, 56.0% published in the Journal of Sasang Constitutional Medicine between the year of 1987 and 2017. SCM specialist participated in 96.3% of all the expert judgment cases. Inter-expert agreement was reported in 14.8% of the cases that had two or more experts. We recommend that expert panels integrate the results of current status of diagnostic consensus into guideline development and strengthen expert education and training with the aim of improving SCM diagnostic accuracy.

• Journal of Sasang Constitutional Medicine
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.419-428
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• 2011

1. Objective: The aim of this study was to report significant improvement of tinnitus and insomnia after treatment with Cheongsimyeonja-tang in a Taeeumin patient with Idiopathic Sudden Sensorineural Hearing Loss(SSHL) that accompanied with Tinnitus. 2. Method: We measured the hearing recovery. For diagnosis on this case, pure tone audiometry was used. The degree of improvement was evaluated by Siegel's Criteria. Visual Analogue Scale(VAS) and Tinnitus Handicap Inventory(THI) were also used to assess tinnitus objectively. 3. Result: There was no improvement in pure tone audiometry by Siegel's Criteria. However, VAS score was decreased from 10 to 1 and THI score was also decreased from 74 to 48. 4. Conclusion: A patient with SSHL, who has little possibility of recovery of hearing loss, was treated with Cheongsimyeonja-tang in a short period and significant improvement in tinnitus and insomnia was observed. We consider that consistent treatment of Cheongsimyeonja-tang can contribute to improve the hearing loss.

• Journal of Sasang Constitutional Medicine
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.14-20
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• 2017

Objectives Recently, the demand for complementary & alternative and personalized medical service has increased in the world. The purpose of this study was to predict the future market size of constitutional medical service in Korea through past surveyed studies Methods The portal sites of OASIS, NDSL, RISS, KISS, Koreamed, were used to select the researches related with constitutional medical service market. Total 1,477 papers were identified and 43 of them were fully reviewed. Finally, three of them picked up. Two specialists joined this review. Results and Conclusion The rate of constitutional medical service market among Korean medical service market was 23.2% in 2004 survey, 26.6% in 2007, and 23.5% in 2010. The number of Korean medical clinics and hospital was assumed 17,118 in 2020. The market size of Korean medicine was predicted 698,929 ten million won and among them, the scale of constitutional market size was 181,171 ten million won which meaned 25.9% proportion of Korean medical market size. Conclusion Constitutional medical market seems to be developed faster than Korean medical market in future.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.32 no.2
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• pp.126-133
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• 2018

The aim of this survey is to investigate the current state of pattern identification, treatment and management on chronic fatigue in the Korean medicine. From May 25, 2017 to June 7, we distributed contents of questionnaires to 17,992 Korean medical doctors via e-mail, and then received answers from 329 people. The surveys were conducted by a specialized research organizations. Researchers were blinded to the participant's personally identifiable information or whether they participated in the investigation. In Korea, almost Korean medicine doctors (94.5%) used pattern identification in the treatment of chronic fatigue patients. The main diagnostic methods were visceral (38.5%), qi-blood-fluid-humor (32.3%), and sasang constitutional pattern identification (14.3%). The high-frequent therapy were herbal medicine (37.0%), acupuncture (27.9%), moxibustion (11.7%), and cupping (8.6%). The primary goals of treatment were Improvement and relaxation of stress condition (18.1%), improvement of quality of life (13.1%), increase of functional vitality (34.0%), and fatigue management (23.3%). The key factors affecting treatment outcomes were the patient's aggressiveness in treatment (23.5%) and his/her lifestyle and environment(22.7%). This study was a pioneering research for chronic fatigue on the aspect of medical service provider in the Korean medicine. We hope that this study can be used as a basis for developing a more appropriate and reasonable practice guidelines for chronic fatigue.