• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.35 no.2
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• pp.139-144
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• 2006

In this study, we investigated the antioxidant activity of solvent extracts from Sargassum thunbergii by measuring electron-donating ability (EDA), nitrite- scavenging ability, superoxide dismutase (SOD)-like activity, reducing power and antioxidant activity in $\beta-carotene-linoleate$ model system. Total phenolic compound contents of chloroform and methanol extracts from Sargassum thunbergii were $22.5{\pm}0.8$ mg/100 mL and $20.1{\pm}0.6$ mg/100 mL, respectively. The EDA were proportionally increased with concentration of the extracts except hexane extract. The EDAs were $70.4\%\;and\;63.2\%$ in methanol and water at concentration of $1000{\mu}g/mL$, respectively. The nitrite-scavenging ability of methanol extract (pH 2.5, $1000{\mu}g/mL$) was $89.4{\pm}0.9\%$ that was higher than those of other extracts. SOD-like ability of chloroform extract was stronger than other extracts. Reducing power of chloroform extracts at $1000{\mu}g/mL$ were 0.75 as O.D. value of 700 nm and antioxidant activities measured with $\beta-carotene-linoleate$ model system were in order of methanol $(78.4\%)>BHT\;(72.1\%)>chloroform\;(62.2\%)>water\;(51.4\%)>hexane\;(43.2\%)$. These results indicated that methanol extract from Sargassum thunbergii showed the highest activities on the EDA, nitrate- scavenging ability and antioxidant activities while the chloroform extract had the highest effect on the SOD-like activity and reducing power.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.34 no.1
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• pp.1-6
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• 2001

Biosorption of Pb and Cr by Sargassum confusum was evaluatet at in the various conditions. The uptake capacities for Pb and Cr were 197.5 mg Pb/g biomass and 133.1 mg Cr/g biomass, respectively. The adsorption parameters for Pb and Cr were determined according to the Langmuir and Freundlich model. Biosorption of Pb and Cr was increased with the increase of pH value. Pb and Cr adsorbed by S. confusum could be recovered by desorption process with 0.1 M HCl, 0.1 M $HNO_3$ and 0.1 M EDTA. The ratio of Pb desorption was above $93\%$, whereas the ratio of Cr desorption was below $30\%$.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.52 no.5
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• pp.467-475
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• 2020

Ultraviolet radiation is a major cause of photoaging, characterized by wrinkle formation and skin dehydration. Mojaban (Sargassum fulvellum), belonging to the brown algae of the Sargassaceae family, exerts anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anti-atopic activities. Particularly, Mojaban extract alleviated ultraviolet B (UVB)-induced inflammatory responses in human keratinocytes and BALB/c mice. Here, the dorsal skin of hairless mice was exposed to UVB for photoaging. The mice were administrated 300 mg/kg Mojaban extract (S. fulvellum extract; SFE) daily. Phenotypically, SFE reduced wrinkle formation and epidermal thickness and increased skin elasticity. SFE increased hydroxyproline content by upregulating the expression of collagen-related genes and downregulating matrix metalloproteinase expression. Furthermore, SFE increased skin moisture content and inhibited transepidermal water loss. SFE upregulated the expression of involucrin, loricrin, and transglutaminase for cornified envelope formation as well as the expression of filaggrin and caspase-14 for natural moisturizing factors. Collectively, SFE may be employed as a nutraceutical ingredient for anti-photoaging.

• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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• v.44 no.4
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• pp.442-451
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• 2016

The aim of this study was to investigate the anti-inflammatory effect of Sargassum miyabei Yendo ethanol extract (SMYEE) using RAW 264.7 cells and croton oil-induced Balb/c mice. SMYEE inhibited the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines [interleukin (IL)-6, tumor necrosis factor $(TNF)-{\alpha}$, and $IL-1{\beta}$] and nitric oxide in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammatory response. In addition, SMYEE suppressed the expression of inducible nitric oxide, cyclooxygenase-2, and nuclear factor-kappa B. Further, SMYEE inhibited the expression of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs), such as extra cellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2, p38, and c-Jun N-terminal kinase. In ear edema test, edema formation in the SMYEE treatment was lower than that in the positive control and was similar to that in the prednisolone treatment group. Photomicrographs of mice ear tissue showed a reduction in dermal thickness and number of infiltrated mast cells. Therefore, our results indicate that SMYEE exerts an anti-inflammatory effect via inhibition of nuclear factor ${NF}-{\kappa}B$ and MAPK activation and can be used as a natural source of anti-inflammatory compounds.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.32 no.3
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• pp.374-384
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• 1999

Benthic marine algal flora and community structure of Yongho-dong area in Pusan, Korea were investigated seasonally in intertidal and subtidal zones by a quadrat method along 5 transect lines from July 1996 to April 1997. In this area, a total of 99 species including 3 blue-green, 13 green, 26 brown and 57 red algae was found. Among them, 33 taxa, together with dominant Ulva pertusa and Corallina pilulifera, occurred throughout the year. Enteromorpha spp. and Ulva spp. vertically distributed in upper and middle zone, while Simphyocladia latiuscula, Chondria crassicaulis, Corallina pilulifera and Sargassum sup. in lower zones. Biomass per unit area exhibited a wide range of variation, from 1,241 g/$m^2$(spring) to 1,648 g/$m^2$(summer) in fresh weight. Maximum and minimum species diversity were recorded in spring and autumn, respectively. Results of the UPGAM cluster analysis suggest that the examined 5 sites can be divided into two groups, sites exposed to open sea (transects 1, 2, 3) and comparatively sheltered sites (transects 4, 5) faced with the Pusan Harbor. The former group is represented by large brown algae, Sargassum and Hizikia, while Ulva pertusa and Lomentaria species are mainly found in the latter group. A calcareous alga, Corallina pilulifera occurred dominantly in both groups throughout the year. In conclusion, number of species in this area was remarkably reduced as compared to the previous data. This result may suggest probably more change of algal vegetation in future, considering the physical and chemical pollutions loaded in the coastal marine environment of this area.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Biology
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• v.32 no.4
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• pp.353-362
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• 2014

In this study, we investigated the effect of geographical variations on Sargassum thunbergii morphology to make a taxonomic reconsideration about infraspecific taxa in this species. In order to examine the morphological characteristics of S. thunbergii, total 27 matured and morphologically intact thalli were collected from the east, west and south coast in spring 2011. Interestingly, it was observed that the species populations on the west coast were characterized by short, thin and coarse thallus, and soft texture. However, the populations on the east coast showed thicker thallus, larger leaf and vesicle, and tougher texture. Thallus height of S. thunbergii was found to be similar at both east and west coast. Further, the height of the thallus and lateral branch of the species populations residing south coast were highest whereas the size of leaf and vesicle are shortest, in comparison with east and west coast species. Although morphological characteristics of the north east coast populations corresponded to the original description of S. thunbergii f. latifolium, we could not find exact morphological features and diagnostic characters to distinguish form in S. thunbergii. These results indicated that it is not the optimal characteristics to identify infraspecific form in this species. In contrast, morphological variations may signify the adaptation of this species to local environmental factors. Thus, we recommend that intraspecific morphological variation of S. thunbergii should be carefully used to identify infraspecific taxa.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.44 no.11
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• pp.1621-1628
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• 2015

The immune system plays an important role in maintaining and protecting human health. In the present study, comparison of immuno-modulatory activities between polysaccharides (SFP) and ethanol (SFE) extracts separated from Sargassum fulvellum in macrophages and murine splenocytes were investigated. Immuno-modulatory activities of macrophages were estimated based on cell proliferation, nitric oxide (NO), inducible NO synthase (iNOS), and cytokine production in RAW 264.7 macrophage cells, and lipopolysaccharide was used as a positive control. SFP and SFE treatment did not affect cytotoxicity in RAW 264.7 macrophage cells, and SFP treatment significantly increased NO and cytokine production ($TNF-{\alpha}$, IL-6, and $IL-1{\beta}$), whereas SFE did not contribute to the increase in NO and cytokine production. In the case of splenocytes, SFP treatment increased splenocyte proliferation and also highly increased production of Th-1 type cytokines (IL-2 and $IFN-{\gamma}$) than those of SFE. Through this study, we confirmed that immuno-modulatory activities of Sargassum fulvellum may be due to polysaccharide extracts and this can be a potential nutraceutical.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.17 no.11
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• pp.1533-1538
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• 2007

This study was carried out to determine the inhibitory effects of solvent extracts from Sargassum hemiphyllum on growth of cancer cell lines (AGS human gastric adenocarcinoma and HT-29 human colon cancer cells) and production of lipid peroxides. Inhibitory effects of acetone with methylene chloride extract from S. hemiphyllum on the growth of AGS and HT-29 cancer cells were increased as dose dependent patterns (p<0.05). The methanol extract was more effective on inhibition of growth of AGS. The treatments of hexane, 85% aq. methanol, butanol and water fractions significantly inhibited the growth of cancer cells (p<0.05) and the inhibitory effect was stronger in HT-29. In DCFH-DA (dichlorodihydrofluorescin diacetate) assay, acetone with methylene chloride and methanol extracts showed a stronger inhibitory effect on the production of cellular lipid peroxides (p<0.05) compared with the butanol and hexane fractions. These results indicate that the consumption of S. hemiphyllum may be recommended as a potent functional food for preventing cellular oxidation and cancer.

• Journal of the Korea institute for structural maintenance and inspection
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• v.22 no.6
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• pp.97-104
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• 2018

In recent years, more than 5,000 tons of sargassum honeri have been infested in the southern coast and the coast of Jeju Island, causing serious damage to the farms and fisheries, and environmental problems. The alginate contained in the sargassum honeri is a natural polymeric substance mainly used for medicines and foods. However, since there is no way to utilize it in large quantities, a study was carried out to utilize bio polymer obtained from sargassum honeri in producing polymer mortar for repairing deteriorated infrastructures. From the tests of setting time, it was found that the L0BP12 mixture containing 12% of bio polymer increased the setting time by 20% as compared with the L12BP0 mixture using only synthetic polymer. From the tests of water absorbtion, the LOBP12 combination decreased by 0.36% compared to Plain-URHC using ultra rapid hardening cement. This indicated that the watertightness of the mortar was increased by the incorporation of the bio polymer. In the compressive and flexural strength tests, the strength decreased as the amount of bio polymer increased. The incorporation rate of the maximum bio polymer satisfying the KS F 4042 standard was determined to be 12%. In addition, the bond strength of the mortar produced with biopolymer was higher than that of Plain-URHC specimens, and it was confirmed that incorporation of bio polymer improves bond strength of mortar.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.581-586
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• 1998

The present study was conducted to prepare seaweed extracts suppressing mutagenic activity of 2-amino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo[4,5-b] pyridine ( PhIP ) ana 2-amino-3,8-dimethylmidazo[4,5-f]quinoxaline (MeIQx) derived from cooked meat produce. The tumor initiation activity of PhIP and MeIQx was assayed with Ames method using Salmonella typhimurium TA98 in the presence of S-9 mixtures before and after addition of methanol-solubles of seaweed, such as, Phaeophyta; Undaria pinnatifida, Ecklonia stolonifera Ecklonia cava, Laminaia japonica Sargassum fulvellum, Sargassum hornezi, Sargassum miyabei, Sargassum thunbergii, Agarum cribrosum and Hizikia fusifomis, Rhodophpei Porphyra yezoensis, Grateloupia eiliptiut Lomentraria catenata, Ploemium telfairiae and Glarilaria verrucosa, Chlorophyta; Codium fragile, Enteromorpha compresa and Ulva pertusa. Among seaweed tested, Phaeophyta was shown the higher desmutagenic activity than Rhodophyta and Chlorophyta. E. stolonifera, E. cava and S. miyabei, among Phaeophyta exerted the stronger desmutagenic activity (above $90\%$/2 mg). The ethyl acetate, diethyl ether and chlomform extracts except water extracts from E. stolonifera exhibited a high desmutagenic activity. The ethyl acetate extract of E. stolonifera which showed highest activity was fractionated with Sephadex LH20 column chromatography to give active fraction A-7, which showed desmutagenicity of $90\%$/mg against PhIP and $80\%$/mg against MeIQx. The active fraction had the absorbance at 207.7 and 232nm.