• 한국전산구조공학회논문집
• /
• 제24권6호
• /
• pp.655-662
• /
• 2011

본 논문에서는 다지점 가진 시 장대교량에 대한 지진응답해석을 수행하고 설계상의 다양한 요구에 유연하게 대처하기 위해서 다지점 가진 해석에 필요한 비선형시간이력해석 알고리즘(영향계수법)을 제안하고, 이를 신뢰성있는 비선형 유한요소해석 프로그램(RCAHEST)에 추가하였다. 동일한 유한요소모델에 대해 범용 유한요소해석 프로그램 SAP2000의 Multi-support Excitation 기능을 이용하여 연구에서의 결과에 대한 비교 검증을 수행하였다. 이 연구결과를 바탕으로 인천대교에 대해서 유한요소모델링을 실시하고 다지점 가진을 고려한 비선형시간이력해석을 수행하였다. 수평변위응답의 분석 결과 시간지연이 늘어날수록 최대 수평변위가 줄어드는 것을 확인할 수 있었다. 또한 입력지진파의 최대가속도를 단계적으로 증가시키며 극한해석을 수행하여 대상 교량의 사용성을 평가하였다.

• 대한영양사협회학술지
• /
• 제8권2호
• /
• pp.175-184
• /
• 2002

This study is to investigate consequent nutrient intake status, influence of body mass index(BMI), and fat distribution on the silk amino peptide(SAP) and dietary fiber supplementation. During 2 months of this research (January to March, 2002), 45 women aged 20yr – 30yr (average age 24.6yr) were selected as subjects. Nutrient intake was investigated by questionnaire, 24-hr recall method. Antropometric assessments of the subjects were investigated by SBIA method(Segmental bioimpedance assay, In body 3.0). The results are as follows: mean body weight 57.7kg, mean body height 161.9cm mean BMI 22.0, and mean food habit score was 8.47. Defecation frequency was increased by dietary fiber supplementation. Frequency of pain during defecation was significantly decreased by dietary fiber supplementation (p<0.01). Feeling of residual feces was significantly improved by dietary fiber supplementation(p<0.001). Status of energy and carbohydrate intakes significantly decreased after dietary fiber supplementation(P<0.05). Body fat and WHR(waist hip ratio) significantly decreased after dietary fiber supplementation(P<0.001), and percent body fat was decreased by dietary fiber supplementation, significantly(P<0.05). Above results of this study show that dietary fiber-added routine diet improves defecation condition, and lessens body fat, percent body fat without losing body muscle. Especially, declination of abdominal fat and WHR were notable. That meant decreased risk factor.

• 식품산업과 영양
• /
• 제20권2호
• /
• pp.8-12
• /
• 2015

나트륨(소금)의 경우 식품에 관능적 특성 부여 및 가공과정에 필수적인 물질이나 과다 섭취의 경우 고혈압 등 심혈관계 질환을 발생을 증가시키는 등 사회적인 문제가 되고 있다. 특히 한국인의 경우 장류, 젓갈 및 김치 등의 식품문화가 발달되어 WHO의 권장섭취량의 2배 이상 섭취하고 있는 실정이다. 나트륨 저감화의 경우 국민복지 향상, 의료비용 절감 및 사회적 편익비용 발생 등의 이유로 국가적 차원에서 나트륨 절감이 시급한 상황이다. 현재 식품의약품안전처 및 보건복지부 등에서 나트륨 저감화를 위한 다양한 정책 등을 추진하고 있다. 또한 세계적으로 무기염류 대체소금, 염미증진제 및 향미개선제 등의 개발 노력이 활발히 이루어지고 있는 상황이다. 그러나 낮은 관능적 특성 및 무기염류의 과량 사용에 관한 부작용 등으로 인하여 급증하는 소금대체 및 보완제 시장수요에 미치지 못하는 실정이다. 따라서 저염화 및 관능적으로 우수한 소금 대체소재 및 염미 증강물질 개발이 요구된다. 염미 및 지미상승 식물성 발효 조성물(SAP)의 경우 분리대두단백 등의 식물성 원료와 전통 장류의 제조원리를 응용한 염미증진제 또는 향미개선제이다. 관능적 특성을 조사한 결과 기존 사용되는 저염 소재에 비하여 염미 등의 관능적 특성이 우수하여 염미 및 관능적 특성 증진 소재로 활용 가능성이 높았으며 무기염류의 단점인 낮은 관능적 특성 및 무기염류에 의한 부작용 등의 우려가 없는 소재이다. 향후 염미 및 지미 상승 식물성 발효 조성물(SAP) 등의 활용방안 개발 및 적용분야 확대 등으로 국내 저염 식품 산업의 전반적 발전에 도움이 될 것으로 생각된다.

• 한국환경농학회지
• /
• 제17권4호
• /
• pp.335-340
• /
• 1998

This study was conducted to determine the morphological responses of barley seedlings to NaCl stress and to investigate histological changes of cells with transmission electron microscope(TEM) after NaCl stress. Plant height and root length of 10-day old barley seedlings with NaCl stress were reduced and inhibition level was found to be more severe in the plant height than in the root length. The leaf length, leaf width and leaf area were shorter as well with NaCl stress than without NaCl stress. However, there was no difference in the number of roots between NaCl treatments. The weight of dry matter decreased at higher NaCl concentrations, especially at 100mM NaCl. The water content of shoots tend to decrease at higher NaCl concentrations, but there was no difference in the water content of roots, The reduced sugar content was greatly increase than starch. Cellulose content was higher in NaCl stressed-plant than control, and tended to decreased at higher NaCl concentrations. Lignin content also decreased NaCl stressed-plant but there was no tendency at NaCl stress concentrations. Electric conductivity of cell sap with seedlings was high with NaCl stressed-plant. Amount of cell sap gradually increased with time in the roots than in the shoots, The grana of chloroplasts was changed by 150mM NaCl concentration. The christe of mitochondria in root meristematic sells ruined in structure and cell wall of leaf and root was also ruined by NaCl stress.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
• /
• 제16권6호
• /
• pp.870-879
• /
• 2006

The present study describes the formation of succinic acid by a nonvirulent, highly osmotolerant Klebsiella pneumoniae strain SAP (succinic acid producer), its profile of metabolites, and enzymes of the succinate production pathway. The strain produced succinate along with other metabolites such as lactate, acetate, and ethanol under aerobic as well as anaerobic growth conditions. The yield of succinate was higher in the presence of $MgCO_3$ under $N_2$ atmosphere as compared with that under $CO_2$ atmosphere. Analysis of intracellular metabolites showed the presence of a smaller PEP pool than that of pyruvate. Oxaloacetate, citrate, and $\alpha$-ketoglutarate pools were considerably larger than those of isocitrate and fumarate. In order to understand the synthesis of succinate, the enzymes involved in end-product formation were studied. Levels of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase, fumarate reductase, pyruvate kinase, and acetate kinase were higher under anaerobic growth conditions. Based on the profiles of the metabolites and enzymes, it was concluded that the synthesis of succinate took place via oxaloacetate, malate, and fumarate in the strain under anaerobic growth conditions. The strain SAP showed potential for the bioconversion of fumarate to succinate under $N_2$ atmosphere in the presence of $MgCO_3$. At an initial fumarate concentration of 10 g/l, 7.1 g/l fumarate was converted to 7 g/l succinate with a molar conversion efficiency of 97.3%. The conversion efficiency and succinate yield were increased in the presence of glucose. Cells grown on fumarate contained an 18-fold higher fumarate reductase activity as compared with the activity obtained when grown on glucose.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
• /
• 제25권10호
• /
• pp.1734-1741
• /
• 2015

Few research had investigated the secretion of phospholipase and aspartyl proteinase from Candida spp. causing infection in females with type 2 diabetes mellitus. This research aimed to investigate the prevalence of vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC) in diabetic versus non-diabetic women and compare the ability of identified Candida isolates to secrete phospholipases and aspartyl proteinases with characterization of their genetic profile. The study included 80 females with type 2 diabetes mellitus and 100 non-diabetic females within the child-bearing period. Candida strains were isolated and identified by conventional microbiological methods and by API Candida. The isolates were screened for their extracellular phospholipase and proteinase activities by culturing them on egg yolk and bovine serum albumin media, respectively. Detection of aspartyl proteinase genes (SAP1 to SAP8) and phospholipase genes (PLB1, PLB2) were performed by multiplex polymerase chain reaction. Our results indicated that vaginal candidiasis was significantly higher among the diabetic group versus nondiabetic group (50% versus 20%, respectively) (p = 0.004). C. albicans was the most prevalent species followed by C. glabrata in both groups. No significant association between diabetes mellitus and phospholipase activities was detected (p = 0.262), whereas high significant proteinase activities exhibited by Candida isolated from diabetic females were found (82.5%) (p = 0.000). Non-significant associations between any of the tested proteinase or phospholipase genes and diabetes mellitus were detected (p > 0.05). In conclusion, it is noticed that the incidence of C. glabrata causing VVC is increased. The higher prevalence of vaginal candidiasis among diabetics could be related to the increased aspartyl proteinase production in this group of patients.

• 한국정보과학회논문지:시스템및이론
• /
• 제33권10호
• /
• pp.722-733
• /
• 2006

계층적 압축 기법을 지원하는 스트리밍 시스템 응용은 제한된 네트워크 자원의 효과적인 활용과 사용자가 느끼는 화질을 최대로 해야 한다. 이를 위해서는 적절한 전송 계층의 선택 및 패킷 인터벌 결정이 이루어져야 한다. 본 논문에서는 계층이 갖는 화질의 영향력을 바탕으로 패킷 인터벌 결정 및 계층 선택 알고리즘 SAPS를 제시한다. 인터-프레임 압축 기법을 사용하는 비디오 스트리밍 시스템에서 패킷 손실의 감소만으로는 재생 화질의 향상을 이룰 수 없고, 재생 화질에 높은 영향력을 가진 패킷의 복원율이 높아질 때, 비로소 재생 화질이 향상된다. SAPS는 패킷의 의존성 그래프를 바탕으로 전송 계층을 결정하며, 이렇게 결정된 전송 계층은 사용자가 느끼는 서비스의 품질을 최대로 만든다. 또한, 선택된 계층에 대한 패킷의 인터벌 조절을 통해 계층 선택에 의한 효과가 유지되도록 한다. 실험을 통해 SAPS 알고리즘이 사용자가 느끼는 서비스 품질의 향상뿐만 아니라, 네트워크 자원 활용도 효과적으로 이루고 있음을 보여준다.

• 한국응용과학기술학회지
• /
• 제32권3호
• /
• pp.461-468
• /
• 2015

역상 HPLC에 의한 Cetyltrimetyl ammonium chloride(CTM), Stearamidopropyl dimetylamine(SAP), Behentriammonium chloride(BHT), Dihexadeyldimethyl ammonium chloride (DHDDM)의 양이온계면활성제 4종 동시 정량분석 방법을 개발하였다. 분석조건으로 분리관은 Alltech $C_{18}$($250mm{\times}4.6mm$ i.d., $5{\mu}m$)을 사용하였고, 검출기는 ELSD를 사용하였으며, 이동상은 0.2% TFA/Methanol의 기울기 용리에 의해 분석되었다. 이때 검량선의 상관계수($r^2$)는 $130{\sim}1980.5{\mu}g/mL$농도 범위에서 0.997이상 이었고, 검출한계, 정밀성이 우수하였다. 이 방법은 fatty quaternary ammonium salt 4종의 정량분석 가능함을 보여 주었다.

• 한국미생물·생명공학회지
• /
• 제48권3호
• /
• pp.373-382
• /
• 2020

Candidatus Carsonella ruddii is an endosymbiont that resides in specialized cells within the body cavity of plant sap-feeding insects called psyllids. The establishment of symbiotic associations is considered one of the key factors for the evolutionary success of psyllids, as it may have helped them adapt to imbalanced food resources like plant sap. Although C. ruddii is defined as a psyllid primary symbiont, the genes for some essential amino acid pathways are absent. Complete genome sequences of several C. ruddii strains have been published. However, in-depth intra-species comparison of C. ruddii strains has not yet been done. This study therefore aimed to perform a comparative genome analysis of six C. ruddii strains, allowing the interrogation of phylogenetic group, functional category of genes, and biosynthetic pathway analysis. Accordingly, overall genome size, number of genes, and GC content of C. ruddii strains were reduced. Phylogenetic analysis based on the whole genome proteomes of 30 related bacterial strains revealed that the six C. ruddii strains form a cluster in same clade. Biosynthetic pathway analysis showed that complete sets of genes for biosynthesis of essential amino acids, except tryptophan, are absent in six C. ruddii strains. All genes for tryptophan biosynthesis are present in three C. ruddii strains (BC, BT, and YCCR). It is likely that the host may depend on a secondary symbiont to complement its deficient diet. Overall, it is therefore possible that C. ruddii is being driven to extinction and replacement by new symbionts.

• 혜화의학회지
• /
• 제8권2호
• /
• pp.191-210
• /
• 2000

The Literatual Study on Treatment of Toothbleeding Through the literatual study on treatment of toothbleeding, we concluded as follows, 1. The causes of the toothbleeding are divided into heat of stomach (胃熱) and deficiency of renal (腎虛). If caused by heat of stomach, the treatment methods are Ryang-Hyul-Ji-Hyul(凉血止血), Cheong-Yul-Sa-Hwa(淸熱瀉火). If caused by deficiency of renal, the treatment methods are Ryang-Hyul-Ji-Hyul(凉血止血), Ja-Eum-Gang-Hwa(滋陰降火). 2. The medications are several - taking a medicine for internal use(內服法), keeping with one's mouth full of an infusion and spoutting it Haamsoobup(含漱法), and others like taking a medicine for external use(外用法) only. 3. The treatment drugs divided by medication are as follows : Taking a medicine for internal use : Cheongwesan(淸胃散), Gamroeum(甘露飮), Joweseunggitang(調胃承氣湯), Seogagjihwangtang(犀角地黃湯), Yugmijihwangtang(六味地黃湯), Palrnihwan(八味丸), Soansinhwan(小安腎丸) etc... Haamsoobup : Gudogeum(救毒飮), Jihwangtang(地黃湯), Mangchosan(莽章散) etc... Taking a medicine for external use : Pilseungsan(必勝散), Rogposan(綠包散, Hyunggeousan(荊槐散), Bingoksan(氷玉散), Sahyangsan(麝香散), Ulgeumsan(鬱金散), Yongnoisan(龍腦激) are used. 4. A coposition of the medication : Cheong-Yul medicine(淸熱藥), Bo-IK medicine(補益藥), Ji-Hyul medicine(止血藥), Gae-Gyu medicine(開竅藥), Su-sap medicine(收澁藥) are mainly used. Cheong-Yul medicine : Rehmanniae Radix(鮮地黃), Moutan Cotex(牧丹皮), Coptidis Rhizoma(黃連), Scutellariae Radix(黃芩) Bo-Ik medicine : Glycyrrhizae Radix(甘草), Angelicae gigantis Radix(當歸), Rehmanniae Radix Preparat(熟地黃), Ginseng Radix(人蔘) Ji-Hyul medicine : Biotae Cacumen(側柏葉), Sophorae Flos(槐花), Typhae Pollen(蒲黃) Gae-Gyu medicine : Moschus(麝香), Bomeolum(氷片) Su-sap medicine : Alumem(白礬) 5. A result of the observation on the medication : Taking a medicine for internal use : Glycyrrhizae Radix, Rehmanniae Radix Preparat, Rehmanniae Radix, Moutan Cortex, Scutellariae Radix are used. Yugmijihwangtang and Cheong-Yul medicine are mainly used. Taking a medicine for external use : Alumem, Moschus, Salt(鹽), Asari herba cum Radice(細辛) are mainly used. Especially there is a method that uses a burnt drug. Haamsoobup and taking a medicine for external use : Medicines of Cheong-Yul-Ryang-Hyul(淸熱凉血) and Su-Ryum-Ji-Hyul(收斂止血) are used.