• 대한본초학회지
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• 제30권4호
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• pp.29-35
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• 2015

Objectives : The objective of this research was to investigate the antibacterial and antioxidant activities of bio-fermented Sanguisorbae Radix extract.Methods : The Sanguisorbae Radix extract was fermented byStreptococcus thermophilus,and their products was tested for antibacterial activity against pathogenic microorganisms namely,Bacillus cereus,Bacillus subtilis,Staphylococcus aureus,Escherichia coli,Vibrio parahaemolyticusandSalmonella typhimuriumby paper disc diffusion method and the antioxidant activities of extract was evaluated by five different assays as electron donating ability(EDA), superoxide dismutase(SOD)-like activity, polyphenol, flavonoid contents and nitrite scavenging ability.Results : The bio-fermented Sanguisorbae Radix extract was safe from heat. Antibacterial activity of fermented Sanguisorbae Radix extract appeared relatively highly againstBacillus cereusandStaphylococcus aureusand didn't show any difference. EDA in comparison to Vitamin C showed over 90% activity at about the same time of Sanguisorbae Radix extract expressed highly. SOD activity showed 15% in fermentation before and after. The nitrite scavenging ability of Sanguisorbae Radix extract before and after fermentation showed higher numerical value over 70% in pH 2.5 than that of butylated hydroxytoluene(BHT). But SOD activity, EDA and nitrite scavenging ability were not different between the Sanguisorbae Radix extract before and after fermentation. Total polyphenol content expressed over about 20 mg/g, and that of the Sanguisorbae Radix extracts was increased than that of the fermented Sanguisorbae Radix extracts.Conclusions : The results suggest the usefulness of developing functional materials using antioxidant active Sanguisorbae Radix extract was fermented bySalmonella typhimuriumwith high polyphenol contents and nitrite scavenging ability.

• 약학회지
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• 제38권6호
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• pp.733-741
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• 1994

To detect anxiolytic activity from Sanguisorbae Radix we used various animal models of fear or anxiety that are sensitive to known anxiolytic drugs. While diazepam showed significant anxiolytic activities in all five animal models empolyed in this study, $5-HT_3$ antagonist ondansetron and ethylacetate fraction of Sanguisorbae Radix did show anti-anxiety effects in social interaction and two compartment exploration tests. Ethylacetate fraction of Sanguisorbae Radix and 5-HT related drugs like ondansetron and buspirone, however, seem to have merit over diazepam in terms of not causing drowsiness. Among ten subfractions obtained from ethylacetate fraction of Sanguisorbae Radix by silica gel chromatography, subfraction I showed higher anxiolytic activities than subfraction DEF in two animal models, social interaction and two compartment exploration tests. There is growing evidence for the role of 5-HT in the control of anxiety. We hope that new compound(s) will be found from the active fractions of Sanguisorbae Radix as a potential anxiolytic agent in the future.

• 대한한방내과학회지
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• 제33권4호
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• pp.465-475
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• 2012

Objectives : This study was performed to investigate the antineoplastic effect of ethanol extracts from Sanguisorbae Radix on cholangiocarcinoma cells that was established from biliary tract cancer tissue. Materials and Methods : Two cholangiocarcinoma cell lines, SNU-1079 and SNU-1196, were studied. The mRNA expression of Caspase 3, 8, 9, Bcl-2, Bax, P53, and P21 was examined by RT-PCR. Cell viability was determined by MTT assay. The cell cycle was analyzed by flow cytometry and apoptosis by cell death detection ELISA kit. Results : Proliferation of SNU-1079 and SNU-1196 was inhibited by Sanguisorbae Radix treatment in a dose-dependent manner. All cells treated with Sanguisorbae Radix showed increased dose- and time-dependent apoptosis. The expression of caspase 3, 8, 9, p53, and p21 was increased in all cells after the treatment of Sanguisorbae Radix. The expression of Bcl-2 was decreased in SNU-1196 and Bax expression was increased in all cells after the treatment of Sanguisorbae Radix. Conclusions : These results suggest that Sanguisorbae Radix would be beneficial in the treatment of cholangiocarcinoma.

• 생약학회지
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• 제46권4호
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• pp.342-351
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• 2015

In this study, we performed quantitative determination of the three marker compounds such as gallic acid, ellagic acid, and quercetin in the 70% ethanol extracts of non-processed Sanguisorbae Radix and processed Sanguisorbae Radix using a high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with photodiode array detector. The analytical column for separation of the three compounds was used a Gemini $C_{18}$ column ($5{\mu}m$, $4.6{\times}250mm$) by the gradient elution with distilled water and acetonitrile containing 1.0% (v/v) acetic acid as mobile phase. The flow rate and injection volume were $1.0{\mu}L/min$ and $10{\mu}L$. The concentrations of gallic acid, ellagic acid, and quercetin in non-processed Sanguisorbae Radix were 0.25, 0.26, and 0.007%, respectively, while the concentrations of gallic acid, ellagic acid, and quercetin in non-processed Sanguisorbae Radix 0.14-0.55, 0.27-2.03, and 0.001-0.007%, respectively. Among the three components, the amount of the ellagic acid was increased after processing in Sanguisorbae Radix.

• 한국자원식물학회지
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• 제26권2호
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• pp.149-158
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• 2013

본 연구에서는 지유 에탄올추출물의 항산화 효과를 조사하였다. Pyrogallol의 억제율을 100%로 기준하였을 때, DPPH 라디칼을 50% 억제시키는데 필요한 지유 추출물의 농도는 0.33 mg/mL으로 ${\alpha}$-tocopherol의 $IC_{50}$(0.40 mg/mL)과 유사하게 나타났다. 지유 추출물의 총항산화능은 ${\alpha}$-tocopherol에 비해 높게 나타났다. 지유 추출물의 superoxide 소거활성은 catechin에 비해 높게 나타났다. 지유 추출물의 peroxyl 라디칼 소거활성은 ascorbic acid에 비해 높게 나타났다. 지유 추출물의 구리이온 환원력은 ${\alpha}$-tocopherol에 비해 높게 나타났다. 지유 추출물은 hydroxyl 라디칼 및 peroxyl 라디칼로 유발된 supercoiled DNA strand의 절단을 억제시켰다. 지유 추출물 0.5 및 5 mg/mL의 총페놀 함량은 각각 0.50 및 3.33 mM gallic acid와 동등한 수준이었다. 또한, HepG2 세포주를 이용한 세포배양에서 지유 추출물 0.01, 0.1 및 0.5 mg/mL 농도의 첨가는 0.2 mM t-BHP로 유도된 세포독성을 각각 33.8, 79.1 및 96.9% 감소시켰다. 따라서, 본 연구 결과들은 지유 추출물의 강력한 항산화 효과와 세포독성 억제효과를 나타내며, 이러한 효능은 적어도 자유라디칼의 산화억제와 높은 총페놀 함량에 기인하는 것으로 사료된다.

• 생약학회지
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• 제33권2호통권129호
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• pp.100-104
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• 2002

Sanguisorbae Radix has hemostatic, analgesic and astrigent properties and it has been used for the treatment of burns, scalds and internal hemorrhage. Ziyuglycoside I was isolated from Sanguisorbae Radix and identified by the spectroscopic methods. In order to evaluate the quality of it, quantitative determination of Ziyuglycoside I in Sanguisorbae Radix using HPLC method has been conducted. Quantitative analysis of Ziyuglycoside I showed average 3.005% in 30 samples collected throughout the regions of Korea.

• 분석과학
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• 제6권4호
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• pp.391-394
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• 1993

볶은 지유(Sanguisorbae radix)의 에테르 가용성 분획으로부터 aegiceradienol(28-noroleana-12, 17-dien-$3{\beta}$-ol)을 분리 동정하였다. 이 화합물은 원래의 생약에는 존재하지 않으며 열처리에 의해 생성된 변이물로서 열처리 시간이 증가할수록 그 함량이 증가하였다.

• 약학회지
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• 제38권6호
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• pp.712-714
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• 1994

Some traditional herbal drugs have been used after processing to modify its activities. For example, roasted 'chiyu'(Sanguisorbae radix) has been used as antihemorrhagics while raw one used as anti-emetics. The composition of herbal drug is expected to be changed during this process. We tried to reveal the compositional difference between raw and roasted 'chiyu', and isolated a compound which is not present in raw one but in processed one. The structure of the isolated compound was elucidated as tomentosolic acid. The content of tomentosolic acid in roasted 'chiyu' was approximately 0.05%.

• 대한한방부인과학회지
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• 제26권1호
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• pp.25-40
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• 2013

Objectives: The object of this study was to observe the in vitro antibacterial effects of five single(Pulsatillae Radix, Patrinae Radix, Sanguisorbae Radix, Sophorae Flos, and Sophorae Radix) aqueous herbal extracts, traditionally used for treating various gynecological diseases including mastitis in Korea, against Staphylococcus aureus. Methods: Antibacterial activities against Staphylococcus aureus of aqueous extracts of Pulsatillae Radix, PatrinaeRadix, Sanguisorbae Radix, Sophorae Flos, and Sophorae Radix were detected using standard agar microdilution methods. In addition, the effects on the bacterial growth curve were also monitored at Minimal Incubation Concentration(MIC) and $MIC{\times}2$ levels. The effects on the intracellular killing and bacterial invasion of individual test materials were also observed using murine macrophage(Raw 264.7) and human mammary gland carcinoma cell(MCF-7). Results: MIC of aqueous extracts of Pulsatillae Radix, Patrinae Radix, Sanguisorbae Radix, Sophorae Flos, and Sophorae Radix against Staphylococcus aureus were detected as $0.215{\pm}0.107$ mg/ml, $0.273{\pm}0.107$ mg/ml, $0.469{\pm}0.297$ mg/ml, $11.850{\pm}8.406$ mg/ml, and $0.664{\pm}0.546$ mg/ml, respectively. MIC of Ciprofloxacin was detected as $0.469{\pm}0.297{\mu}g/ml$ at same conditions. In addition, all five single aqueous herbal extracts were also showed marked dosage-dependent inhibition of bacterial growth. The effects of intracellular killing with Raw 264.7 and inhibition of bacterial invasion with MCF-7 cells were detected, in the order of Sophorae Flos, Pulsatillae Radix, Patrinae Radix, Sanguisorbae Radix and Sophorae Radix aqueous extracts in the present study. Conclusions: The results obtained in this study suggest that all five single aqueous herbal extracts showed antibacterial effects against Staphylococcus aureus and they also showed dosage-dependent inhibitory effects on the bacterial growth. They showed the significant intracellular killing and inhibition of bacterial invasion effects. It means, all five single aqueous herbal extracts may show potent anti-infectious effects against Staphylococcus aureus for mastitis.

• 대한본초학회지
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• 제34권6호
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• pp.91-97
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• 2019

Objective : To establish a reliable tool between for the distinction of original plants of Sanguisorbae Radix, we analyzed the complete chloroplast genome sequence of Sanguisorbae Radix and identified single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). Materials and methods : The chloroplast genome sequence of Sanguisorba officinalis, Sanguisorba tenuifolia f. alba (Trautv. & Mey.) Kitam and Sanguisorba tenuifolia Fisch. ex Link obtained using next-generation sequencing technology were described and compared with those of other species to develop specific markers. Candidate genetic markers were identified to distinguish species from the chloroplast sequences of each species using Modified Phred Phrap Consed and CLC Genomics Workbench programs. Results : The structure of the chloroplast genome of each sample that had been assembled and verified was circular, and the length was about 155 kbp. Through comparative analysis of the chloroplast sequences, we found 220 nucleotides, 158 SNPs, and 62 Indel (insertion and/or deletion), to distinguish Sanguisorba officinalis, Sanguisorba tenuifolia f. alba (Trautv. & Mey.) Kitam and Sanguisorba tenuifolia Fisch. ex Link. Finally, 15 specific SNP genetic markers were selected for the verification at positions. Avaliable primers for the dried herb, which is used as medicine, were used to develop the PCR amplification product of Sanguisorbae Radix to assess the applicability of PCR analysis. Conclusion : In this study, we found that Fendel-qPCR analysis based on the chloroplast DNA sequences can be an efficient tool for discrimination of Sanguisorba officinalis, Sanguisorba tenuifolia f. alba (Trautv. & Mey.) Kitam and Sanguisorba tenuifolia Fisch. ex Link.