• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제32권5호
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• pp.495-503
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• 2000

The hydraulic conductivities in the bentonite-sand mixtures with high density were measured, and the effects of sand content and dry density on the hydraulic conductivity were investigated. The hydraulic conductivities of the bentonite-sand mixtures with a dry density of 1.6 Mg/㎥ and 1.8 Mg/㎥ are less than 10$^{-11}$ m/s when the sand content is not higher than 70 wt%. However at the sand content of 90 wt%, the hydraulic conductivity increases rapidly At the same dry density, the logarithm of hydraulic conductivity increases linearly with increasing sand content. The hydraulic conductivity of the bentonite-sand mixture can be explained by the concept of effective clay dry density, and using this concept, the hydraulic conductivities for the mixtures with various sand contents and dry densities can be estimated.

• 한국지반공학회논문집
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• 제31권3호
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• pp.27-38
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• 2015

본 논문에서는 모래-실트 혼합토의 압력수준별 전단특성을 파악하기 위해 모래가 골격구조를이루는 세립분 함유율의 시료를 이용하여 저압 및 고압 삼축압축시험을 수행했다. 시험조건으로 세립분 함유율(0%, 9.8%, 14.7%, 19.6%), 공시체의 밀도(다짐에너지 $22kJ/m^3$, $504kJ/m^3$), 구속압(100kPa, 1MPa, 3MPa, 5MPa) 등을 변화시켜가며 각 조건에서 비소성 실트가 혼합토의 전단강도와 거동에 미치는 영향을 조사했다. 시험 결과, 모래의 골격구조에서 세립분 구조로 전환되는 전환 세립분 함유율은 구속압이 높을수록 감소하는 경향을 나타낸다. 구속압력이 높은 고압영역에서의 전단 특성은 구속압이 높을수록 조립자의 파쇄로 인하여 조밀한 모래에서도 느슨한 모래와 같은 경화, 수축거동을 나타내고 세립분 함유율이 증가함에 따라 전단강도 또한 증가하였다. 이러한, 비소성 실트가 혼합토의 전단특성에 미치는 영향은 실트도 모래와 같은 입상체이므로 소성점토 혼합토와는 상이한 거동을 나타냄을 알았다.

• 한국지반공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지반공학회 2003년도 봄 학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.733-740
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• 2003

When SCP (Sand Compaction Pile) is used in the improvement of soft ground, some problems like the difficulty of vertical construction and other construction difficulties due to the use of high pressure are encountered, There is a possibility that the strength parameters used in the design may be different with those obtained from the investigation of the quality variation with depth for the irregular, then the section may be not a sand pile but a combination of sand and clay. The mixture ratio concept is used, it is defined as the quantity of sand corresponding to the replacement ratio. Using this concept, the strength parameter relationship of the replacement and mixture ratio was determined. The use of these parameters in the design of SCP is most appropriate.

• Geomechanics and Engineering
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• 제3권4호
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• pp.267-284
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• 2011

The aim of the paper is to study the hydro-mechanical behaviour of a tuff and calcareous sand mixture. A first experimental phase was carried out in order to find the optimal mixture. This showed that the material composed of 80% tuff and 20% calcareous sand provides the maximum mechanical strength. The second experimental phase concerns the study of the drying- wetting behaviour of the optimal mixture. Triaxial shear tests in saturated and unsaturated states at constant water content were carried out on samples initially compacted at the MPO. Experimental results let to deduce the parameters necessary for the prediction of the hydro-mechanical behaviour of pavement formulated from tuff and calcareous sand mixtures, related to moisture. This optimal mixture satisfies the regulation rules and hence constitutes a good local eco-material, abundantly available, for the conception of pavements.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제2권4호
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• pp.16-26
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• 1999

Five soil mixture with seven turfgrass species when placed over a plastic sheet were evaluated for influence on covering rate, visual rating, visual color and sad development. The result were as follows. 1. The last covering rate was high on sand+bark and on Kentucky bluegrass, respectively while the early covering rate was high on sand+peat and on perennial ryegrass and tall fescue. respectively. 2. Both sand and sand+sandy loam caused poor effects on the covering rate and the visual rating. 3. The early growth was good on perennial ryegrass but the covering rate and the visual rating gradually turned poor because of summer drought. 4. Visual color was high on sand+bark and on Kentucky bluegrass, respectively. 5. Covering rate, visual rating and visual color was best evaluated on Kentucky bluegrass during winter. 6. Sad was highly developed on sand+bark and sand+peat as compared with on the other soil mixture. 7. The carpet-type sad was best developed on Kentucky bluegrass.

• Weed & Turfgrass Science
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.88-94
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• 2016

Vehicular traffic on turf results in loss of green cover due to direct tearing of shoots and indirect long-term soil compaction. Protection of turfgrass crowns from wear could increase the ability of turf to recover from heavy traffic. Plastic turfpavers have been installed in trafficked areas to reduce soil compaction and to protect turfgrass crowns from wear. The objectives of this study were to evaluate traffic performance of turfgrasses (Zoysia matrella and Axonopus compressus) and soil mixture (high, medium and low sand mix) combinations on turf-paver complex. The traffic performance of turf and recovery was evaluated based on percent green cover determined by digital image analysis and spectral reflectance responses by NDVI-meter. Bulk density cores indicated significant increase in soil compaction from medium and low sand mixtures compared to high sand mixture. Higher reduction of percent green cover was observed from A. compressus (30-40%) than Z. matrella (10-20%) across soil mixtures. Both turf species displayed higher wear tolerance when established on higher sand (>50% sand) than low sand mixture. Positive turf recovery was also supported by complementary spectral responses. Establishment of Zoysia matrella turf on turfpaver complex using high sand mixture will result in improved wear tolerance.

• 한국건축시공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국건축시공학회 2012년도 춘계 학술논문 발표대회
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• pp.77-79
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• 2012

This study is to assess the differences between concrete having only one of fine aggregates such as crushed fine aggregates, sea sand and blast furnace slag in it and concrete having mixture of two kinds of those fine aggregates in it in order to find out how to deal with the lack of some aggregates. The findings are as follows. In terms of slump, the concrete containing sea sand and blast furnace slag has very low slump values while the concrete having the mixture of crushed fine aggregate and the other fine aggregates showed better workability. In terms of compressive strength, the concrete containing the mixture of two kinds of aggregates showed higher compressive strength. Accordingly, it is likely that the concrete containing the mixture of crushed fine aggregate, sea sand and blast furnace slag is better than the concrete with only one kind of fine aggregates in terms of the usability.

• 방사성폐기물학회지
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.101-109
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• 2008

고준위폐기물 처분장의 완충재 및 뒷채움재 후보물질로 고려되고 있는 경주벤토나이트를 대상으로 압축 벤토나이트 및 벤토나이트-모래 혼합물의 열전도도가 측정되었다. 압축벤토나이트는 건조밀도가 $1.2\;Mg/m^3$에서 $1.8\;Mg/m^3$범위에 대해, 압축 벤토나이트-모래 혼합물은 건조밀도가 $1.6\;Mg/m^3$에서 $1.8\;Mg/m^3$ 사이이고, 모래의 함량이 중량비로 10 wt%에서 30 wt%인 범위의 혼합물에 대해 측정하였다. 측정시료의 수분 함량은 중량비로 10 wt%에서 20 wt% 까지 변화시켰다. 압축 벤토나이트 및 벤토나이트-모래 혼합물의 열전도도는 수분함량이 일정할 때, 건조밀도가 증가할수록, 모래 함량이 많을수록 증가하였으며, 건조밀도가 일정한 경우에는 수분 함량과 모래 함량이 증가할수록 증가하였다. 각 건조밀도에서의 수분함량의 증가에 따른 열전도도 변화를 나타낼 수 있는 실험적 관계식들이 제시되었다. 이 관계식들은 10% 오차 범위에서 압축벤토나이트 및 벤토나이트-모래 혼합물의 열전도도 값을 예측할 수 있다.

• Geomechanics and Engineering
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• 제32권4호
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• pp.361-373
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• 2023

This study aimed to investigate the engineering properties and mechanical behaviors of polymer-fibers treated sand. Para rubber (PR), natural fiber (NF), and geosynthetic fiber (GF) were used to reinforce poorly graded sand. A series of unconfined compressive and splitting tensile strength tests were performed to analyze the engineering behaviors and strength enhancement mechanism. The experiment results indicated that the PR-fibers mixture could firmly enhance the strength properties of sand. The stress-strain characteristics and failure patterns have been changed due to the increase of PR and fibers content. The presence of PR and fibers strengthened the sand and enhanced the stiffness and ductility behavior of the mixture. The stiffness of reinforced sand reaches an optimum state when both NF and GF are 0.5%, while the optimum PR contents are 20% and 22.5% for the mixture with NF and GF, respectively. An addition of PR and fiber into sand contributed to increasing interlocking zone and bonding of PR-sand interfacial.

• 터널과지하공간
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.284-291
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• 2010

현재 제안되고 있는 고준위폐기물 심지층처분장의 설계에 따르면, 완충재와 뒷채움재의 재료로 벤토나이트 및 벤토나이트-모래 혼합물이 고려되고 있다. 후보물질인 경주벤토나이트를 대상으로, 압축 벤토나이트와 벤토나이트-모래 혼합물의 열전도도를 측정하였다. 경주벤토나이트와 벤토나이트-모래 혼합물의 열전도도를 건 조밀도, 함수비 및 모래 함량의 함수로서 예측할 수 있는 관계식을 제안하였다. 제안된 관계식은 실험 조건 하에서 열전도도를 10% 이내의 오차로 예측할 수 있다.