• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.162-176
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• 2005

This study was carried out as a field survey and a review of articles to investigate a characteristic of the distribution pattern in Korean endemic Corylopsis coreana. Distribution of Corylopsis coreana was found in Boseung-gun, Gwangyang-si, Suncheon-si, Jeumam-myeon Goheung-gun, Ganjeon-myeon Gurye-gun, Mt, Cheongwan Jangheung-gun, Nogodan Mt. Jiri in Jeollanam-do, Mt. Cheonhwang Namwon-si and Beamsagol and Banyabong Mt. Jiri in Jeollabuk-do, Sancheong-gun, hadong-gun and Namhea-gun in Gyeongsangnam-do and Mt. Backun, Pocheon-si in Gyeonggi-do. Total flora in the distribution region of Coryloplsis coreana was recorded as 242 taxa; 70 families, 159 genus, 216 species, 22 varieties, 4 forma. Ratio of taxonomic categories was consisted of Pteridophyte $5.8\%$, Gymnosperm $3.7\%$, Dicotyledon $18.6\%$ and Monocotyledon $71.9\%$. Ratio of Life cycle styles was Annual $1.7\%$ and Perennial $93.3\%$. Ratio of growth habit was appeared to Herb $44.2\%$, Vine $12.4\%$, Shrub $17.8\%$ and Tree $25.6\%$. The distribution region of Corylopsis coreana found to typical type which distribute in N, NE or NW slope. The native Corylopsis coreana of Sinjeonri Sungju-eup in Jellanam-do appeared to have a declining tendency which was caused by influence of tree lager.

• Mycobiology
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• v.48 no.6
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• pp.450-463
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• 2020

The strains 17E-042, 17E-039, and NC13-171 belong to Ascomycota and were isolated from soil collected from Sancheong-gun and Yeongam-gun, Korea. The strain 17E-042 produced white mycelial colonies that developed a sienna color with a round margin on potato dextrose agar (PDA), and the reverse side developed a light sienna color. Morphologically, this strain was similar to the strains of Arthrinium phragmites and A. hydei, but the shorter conidial size of the newly identified strain (17E-042) was distinct. The strain 17E-039 produced macroconidia that were pale yellow to orange-brown, elongated-ellipsoid to oblong, round at both ends, primarily straight but sometimes slightly curved, 0-septate, thin-walled, and filled with numerous droplets, having diameters of 20.4-34.3 × 8.0-12.0 ㎛. And the strain NC13-171 formed hyaline to light brown chlamydospores, solitary or in a chain. Multigene phylogenetic analyses were conducted using sequence data obtained from internal transcribed spacer (ITS) regions, 28S rDNA large subunit (LSU), β-tubulin (TUB2), translation elongation factor 1-alpha (TEF1-α), and RNA polymerase II large subunit (RPB2) genes. The results of molecular phylogeny, the detailed descriptions and illustrations of each species strongly support our proposal that these strains from soil in Korea be designated as Arthrinium minutisporum sp. nov. and two new records of Pezicula neosporulosa and Acrocalymma pterocarpi.

• Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
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• v.38 no.1
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• pp.48-54
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• 2022

This study was conducted to examine litter inputs and litter decomposition rates following thinning, which is among the most important forest management activities that enhance the beneficial functions in Korean forests. Litter inputs and litter decomposition rates following a 2-year elapse from thinning in Pinus densiflora and following a 7-year elapse from thinning in Quercus variabilis stands were measured for 2 years from 16 sites in three regions (Sancheong-gun, Uiryeong-gun, and Jinju-si) in Gyeongsangnam-do, Korea. Annual needle litter inputs in P. densiflora stands were significantly decreased following thinning, whereas annual broadleaved leaf litter inputs in Q. variabilis stands were not significantly different between thinned and unthinned treatments. The annual mean total litter inputs in both tree species were significantly lower in the thinned (P. densiflora: 3,653 kg ha^-1 year^-1; Q. variabilis: 4,963 kg ha^-1 year^-1) compared to the unthinned stands (P. densiflora: 5,138 kg ha^-1 year^-1; Q. variabilis: 5,997 kg ha^-1 year^-1) during the study period. The mass loss rates from decomposing needle litter in P. densiflora stands were significantly lower (p<0.05) in the thinned stands than in the unthinned stands for two sampling dates of the eight included in the study, whereas the decomposition rates from decomposing leaf litter in Q. variabilis stands were not affected by thinning. The results indicate that thinning effects on total litter inputs remained clear following a 2-year elapse from thinning in P. densiflora stands and following a 7-year elapse from thinning in Q. variabilis stands.

• Journal of environmental and Sanitary engineering
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.16-26
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• 2003

Analysis of benthic macroinvertebrate community and biological estimation of water quality was conducted at the national park of Mt. Jiri and its nearby area in Gurye, Sancheong and Hadong-gun from June to November, 2002. Total taxa of benthic macroinvertebrates were 124 species, 45 families, 15 orders, 5 classes in 3 phyla. Aquatic insects were 33 species in ephemeroptera, 28 species in Trichoptera, 21 species in plecoptera, 13 species in Diptera, 8 species in odonata, 5 species in hemiptera and 5 species in coleoptera, respectively. Non-insects were 5 species in Mollusca, 2 species in Hirudinea, 1 species in oligochaeta and 1 species in crustacea, respectively. Ephemeroptera, trichoptera and plecoptera as indicators in clean water were very abundant. Occurrence species at each survey area was 68 species at Mt. 1025-goji, 59 species at Mt. Eungseok-bong, 57 species at Mt. Wangdeung-jae, 50 species at Mt. Cheonwang-bong and 39 species at Mt. 645-goji, respectively. Mean species diversity indices at Mt. Cheonwang-bong, Mt. 1025-goji, Mt. Wangdeung-jae, Mt. Eungseok-bong and Mt. 645-goji were 3.33, 3.03, 3.41, 3.02 and 2.91, respectively, According to the saprobic system based on the species diversity indices of benthic macroinvertebrates, most survey areas except some sites are determined as Limnosaprobic area.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Orthopedic Manual Physical Therapy
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.15-24
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• 2002

This article was researched that the question for cognition, requirement, plan of activation of the orthopaedic physical therapist in physical therapy room of public health center. We analysed with SPSS/10.0 stastistics programs returned 123 questionnaire. These results were followed. 1. Ratio of physical therapist in the physical therapy room of public health center was that mail were 47.2% and female were 52.8%. 2. The physical therapy room of public health center was made an introduction in 1980 and has since been opened. in 100 places. 3. 100 physical therapist (81.3%) were aware the impotance of orthopaedic physical therapy. 4. The members of orthopaedic physical therapy academy were 17 people(13.8%) including an associate member. 5. The physical therapist takened a course of orthopaedic education was 37 people (30.1%). 6. The physical therapist wanted that to take part in orthopaedic education were 60 people(48.8%). 7. The physical therapist were required the orthopaedic physical therapist in physical therapy room of public health center were 87 people(70.7%).

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.711-718
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• 2001

The community based rehabilitation(CBR ) of public health center(PHC) has been considered as the one of the alternative medical services which is adequate to our realities. The purpose of this study is to serve basic data in order to strengthen the CBR of PHC. This study was investigated on 191 samples of 95 physical therapists, 35 physicians. and 61 nurses who work at PHC. Data were collected for 40 days from January 10 to February 20,2001. The results are as follows: First, the recognition level of CBR of sample specialists was very high as about 85% of the total number studied. Also the number of physical therapists at PHC, who had intention of participation to CBR, was very high as almost 92%. Second, specialists more than a half of sample group thought that two therapists and one assistance per one PHC were needed for serving with sufficient CBR services. finally, various additional strategies were proposed by sample specialists. in order to activate the CBR of PHC. it is necessary to enact the related laws. to stimulate teamworks between rehabilitation specialists, and to establish so called 'public health therapists'. Also we must reinforce the CBR instruction for PHC therapists and the education for health center officer.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.475-486
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• 2002

Orthopaedic manual therapy(OMT) includes knowledge in arthokinematic, biological, behavioral, biomechanical, patholology, anatomy, and clinical science. it allows proper approach to patient evaluation and program development and relieves joint and soft tissue lesions. The OMT has sports injurys, traumatic, developmental, and neuromusculoskeletal disorders of acute and chronic states, and prevention of dysfunction as well as the development, improvement, restoration, or maintenance of joint and muscular mobility, stability, relaxation, strenth, endurance, balance, and functional skills. The purpose of this article has to define and clarify the change and development of basic concepts of orthopaedic manual therapy. OMT is ancient in origin. The book of ' Manipulation Past and Present ' contains pictures recording various types of joint mobilization by Hippocrates. Recently, there are many kinds of manual therapeutic maneuvers to assess and relieve joint and soft tissue lesions developed by James Cyriax, John McM Mennell, Brian R Mullign, Robin McKenzie, Freddy Kaltenborn, Geoffrey Maitland, and Ola Grimsby.

• Weed & Turfgrass Science
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• v.7 no.3
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• pp.209-218
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• 2018

This study was carried out to investigate the occurrence and distribution of ALS inhibiting herbicide-resistant weeds and to estimate the appeared areas of resistant weeds in the paddy fields of Gyeongnam province of Korea in 2017 and 2018 using a soil assay method. Compared with the 2012 survey, this study showed that the infested ratio of ALS inhibiting herbicide-resistant weeds increased from 1.0% to 66.8% and the infested area increased from 876 ha to 49,008 ha. The infested area of ALS inhibiting herbicide-resistant weeds was estimated in Ulsan-si (8.4%), Hapcheon-gun (8.3%), Haman-gun (7.9%), Goseong-gun (7.9%), Hadong-gun (7.3%), Jinju-si (7.2%), Changnyeong-gun (7.0%), Gimhae-si (6.4%), Miryang-si (5.5%), Busan-si (4.9%), Uiryeong-gun (4.6%), Namhae-gun (4.3%), Geochang-gun (4.2%), Changwon-si (3.8%), Geoje-si (2.9%), Yangsan-si (1.8%), Sancheong-gun (0.9%) and Tongyeong-si (0.4%), and the herbicide resistant weeds was not occurred in Hamyang-gun. The most dominant ALS inhibiting herbicide-resistant weeds in paddy fields were Monochoria vaginalis, followed by Echinochloa oryzicola, Lindernia dubia, Scirpus juncoides, Ludwigia prostrata, Cyperus difformis, Sagittaria trifolia and Rotala indica. ALS inhibiting herbicide-resistant M. vaginalis, L. dubia, and E. oryzoides occurred throughout Gyeongnam province, and ALS inhibiting herbicide-resistant S. trifolia and R. indica were only found in Gimhae-si. Therefore, these results will be utilized to estimate population dynamics of ALS inhibiting herbicide-resistant weeds and provide proper management practices in the paddy fields of Gyeongnam province.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Traditional Landscape Architecture
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• v.36 no.3
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• pp.16-25
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• 2018

Initially from the Taoist scriptures, 'Dongcheon' is a term that can be regarded as a symbolic place in the real world for the enlightened ones who received relief and peace by restoring the human nature taught in the Confucian school. The long for an ideal world apart from the reality embodied as the labeling some places 'Dongcheon,' and the term was used to refer to a scenery where the ideal fairyland is reproduced. Besides, 'Dongcheon' was a term often used by Confucian scholars for various purposes including the attachment to the nearby landscapes, expressing homogeneity and superiority through placeness and the beautification of settlement spaces. This paper is the result of a field study on 'Dongcheon' in the Gyeongsang-Do. The research was conducted from March to August 2018, and we carried out firsthand location surveys on Dongcheons, of which some were lost, others were fairly preserved, and still others could not be located as only their existences were passed down orally. According to the field survey, there were total 111 inscriptions or engravings on the plates in Gyeongsang-Do that include the term 'Dongcheon.' There were 79 'Dongcheon' inscriptions confirmed in the Gyeongsangbuk-Do region: twenty in Yeongju-City, sixteen in Bonghwa-Gun, eleven in Andong-City and seven in Yeongyang-Gun and Ulgin-Gun. Among them, two were in the form of a wooden sign, and six were erected as rock signposts. Fourteen stops reported in the literature were lost or unidentified. Also, among the sixteen signs in Bonghwa-Gun, nine were cursive engravings. Meanwhile, there were 26 Dongcheon inscriptions in the Gyeongsangnam-Do region. Hamyang-Gun and Sancheong-Gun anf Hadong-Gun each housed three inscriptions, and seven places were in the form of rock signposts. 'Hwagaedongcheon' and 'Geumsandongcheon' could not be identified in inscriptions although they appear in Jibong Yuseol and Taengniji with stories of Choi Chiwon. The significance of this study is as a reference for future researches in traditional scenery, epigraphs, or as primary data that helps cultural exploration in the region.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• v.56 no.5
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• pp.501-507
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• 2018

We described here the morphological characteristics for the species identification and fish hosts of Isoparorchis sp. (Digenea: Isoparorchiidae) in the Republic of Korea (Korea). Total 1,371 freshwater fishes collected in Yangcheon (Stream) in Sancheong-gun, Gyeongsangnam-do were examined by the artificial digestion methods to survey the infection status of digenetic trematode metacercariae for 4 years (2013-2016). Adult and larval worms of Isoparorchis sp. were detected in 38 (8.4%) out of 451 fish in 4 species, i.e., Pungtungia herzi, Acheilognathus koreensis, Squalidus japonicus coreanus and Odontobutis platycephala, examined. The infection density was 1.1 worm per fish infected. They were mainly found in the subcutaneous tissues and abdominal cavities. Nodules with worms in the subcutaneous tissues were revealed as the blue ink-colored bulges. Adults leaf-like, $21.6{\times}9.84mm$ in average size. The ratio of body length to body width was 2.20: 1. Oral sucker subterminal, $1.03{\times}1.22mm$. Pharynx muscular, $0.55{\times}0.54mm$. Esophagus very short. Ceca convoluted, terminated near the posterior end. Ventral sucker anterior 1/3.75, $1.99{\times}2.10mm$. The ratio of ventral sucker to oral sucker was 1.74: 1. Testes round to elliptical, both sides of ventral sucker, $1.43{\times}1.33mm$. Vitellaria highly dendritic, posterior 1/3 level. Eggs operculated, embryonated, $52{\times}32{\mu}m$ in size. By the present study, 4 fish species aforementioned are to be listed as the fish hosts of Isoparorchis sp. in Korea and additionally the morphological characteristics are to be described for the species identification.