• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제43권6호
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• pp.893-900
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• 2014

본 연구는 배암차즈기 나물을 열풍건조 및 데침 처리에 따른 이화학적 변화를 조사하였다. 열풍건조한 배암차즈기의 총 폴리페놀 함량 94.64 mg/g이었으며, 데친 후에는 48.40 mg/g으로 감소하였다. 열풍건조한 배암차즈기의 총 플라보노이드 함량은 29.70 mg/g이며, 데친 후에는 22.10 mg/g으로 감소하였다. 농도 비례적으로 DPPH radical 소거능을 나타내었으며, $25{\mu}g/mL$ 농도에서 ascorbic acid, 열풍건조 및 데친 후 열풍건조한 배암차즈기가 각각 94.5%, 84.3% 및 59.7%로 유의적인 차이를 나타내었다. 총당 함량은 각각 7,187 mg/100 g과 6,104 mg/100 g으로 데친 후에 감소하였다. 데치는 과정 중 sucrose와 maltose는 감소하고 glucose와 fructose는 증가하였다. 주요 유기산은 succinic acid이었으며, 데친 후에는 succinic acid가 감소한 반면에 citric acid는 오히려 증가하는 경향을 보였다. Glucose와 fructose는 citric acid의 생성에 영향을 주며, sucrose와 maltose는 tartaric acid, malic acid 및 succinic acid의 생성에 영향을 주는 것으로 조사되었다. 14종의 아미노산이 검출되었으며, methionine, lysine, glycine, histidine, cystine은 검출되지 않았다. 배암차즈기는 총 아미노산의 함량은 다른 종류의 나물에 비해 적은 편이었으나, 총 아미노산에 대한 필수아미노산의 비율은 열풍건조한 배암차즈기가 61.76%로 필수아미노산의 함유량이 상대적으로 높았다. 또한 열풍건조 배암차즈기는 비아미노산인 norvaline과 GABA가 각각 1.40 mg/100 g과 39.00 mg/100 g으로 상당량 검출되었다. 따라서 항산화 효과 및 영양학적으로도 우수한 배암차즈기는 나물뿐만 아니라 다양한 건강기능성 식품소재로의 활용가치가 우수한 것으로 평가된다.

• 한국식품조리과학회지
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• 제31권1호
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• pp.41-52
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• 2015

항염 및 항산화 활성이 우수한 배암차즈기(SPR) 잎을 활용하여 배암차즈기 차(SPRT)를 제조하였다. SPR의 총 폴리페놀 및 총 플라보노이드 함량은 각각 $71.8{\pm}4.74GAE\;mg/g$ 및 $38.7{\pm}2.95QUE\;mg/g$으로 측정되었다. DPPH에 따른 수소공여능은 $16.9{\mu}g/mL$의 $RC_{50}$을 나타내었으며, 이때, 양성대조구인 ascorbic acid는 $6.1{\mu}g/mL$의 $RC_{50}$을 나타내었다. 배암차즈기는 세포 독성을 나타내지 않는 법 위에서 물 추출물의 $IC_{50}$은 $100{\mu}g/mL$ 이상이었으며, $25{\sim}100{\mu}g/mL$의 범위에서 NO 생성이 LPS 처리구에 비해 약 30% 정도 저해되었다. SPRT는 중잎과 대잎을 사용하여 자체수분을 활용하여 단시간 덖음하여 총 120분 가향한 차가 가장 좋은 평가를 받았다. 향은 맛과 전반적인 기호도에 양의관계로 영향을 주었다. SPRT는 덖음 및 가향 작업에 따른 열처리에도 항산화 수치가 통계적으로 유의적인 차이가 없어 항산화능이 유지되었다. 티백량은 1.0 g이 적당한 것으로 평가되었다. 따라서 본 실험의 결과를 바탕으로 배암차즈기가 항산화 등 기능성을 강조한 음료 또는 식품 소재로 활용될 수 있을 것이다.

• 한국약용작물학회지
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• 제25권5호
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• pp.269-281
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• 2017

Background: Small particles increase airway inflammation upon reaching the alveoli. Here, we investigated the protective or therapeutic effects of Salvia plebeia R. Br. (SP_R) extracts on airway inflammation. Methods and Results: To investigate the anti-inflammatory activity of SP_R extracts, we measured their inhibitory effect on the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) expression of inflammatory mediators, and immune cell infiltration in MH-S alveolar macrophage cells and in the ambient particulate matter (APM)-exposed airway inflammation mice model. The SP_R extracts inhibited the production of ROS and expression of IL-4, IL-10, IL-15, and IL-17A mRNA in APM-stimulated MH-S cells. Oral administration of SP_R extracts suppressed APM-induced inflammatory symptoms, such as high alveolar wall thickness, excess collagen fibers, decreased mRNA expression of chemokines (Ccr9, Ccl5, Ccr3), inflammatory cytokines (IL-15, TNF-${\alpha}$), and IL-4 Th2 cytokine in the lung. The SP_R extracts also inhibited ROS production, granulocyte ($CD11b^+Gr-1^+$) infiltration, IL-17A, TNF-${\alpha}$, macrophage inflammatory protein (Mip-2), and chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 1 (Cxcl-1) production in the airway. The specific compounds in the SR-R extracts that mediate the anti-inflammatory effects were identified. Conclusions: In this study, SP_R extracts effectively inhibited airway inflammatory responses, such as ROS production and granulocyte infiltration into the airway, by regulating the expression of chemokines and inflammatory cytokines.

• 대한한의학방제학회지
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• 제30권4호
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• pp.241-248
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• 2022

Objective : The purpose of this trial is to observe the preliminary effects of Salvia plebeia (SP) extract on quality of life in patients with solid cancer. Methods : This is a prospective, open-label, single-arm, and single-dose clinical trial. Twenty participants who have been diagnosed with solid cancer between the ages of 20 and 65 will be included. All participants will be administered SP granules for 12 weeks. Data will be collected at 4, 8, and 12 weeks after enrollment. The primary outcome is quality of life, using the Korean version of the Functional Assessment Cancer Therapy-General questionnaire. Secondary outcomes include tumor markers in blood tests for each cancer type, soluble programmed death-ligand 1, the percentage of natural killer cells among lymphocytes, ratio of T-helper and T-suppressor cells, ratio of total T, T-helper, T-suppressor, and B cells in lymphocytes, level of C-reactive protein, and tumor size via radiology examination. Safety will be assessed by clinical laboratory tests and monitoring of adverse events. Discussion : This study aims to observe the effects of an oral administration of SP preparations in patients with solid cancer on changes in quality of life and an improvement in immune function. It is expected to provide objective evidence of the effect and safety of SP for patients with solid cancer. Trial registration: KCT0007315 (Clinical Research Information Service)

• Natural Product Sciences
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.73-79
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• 2003

To discover the sources with antioxidative activity in traditional medicines, 100 extracts of Korean medicinal plants were screened for their scavenging effect on peroxynitrite $(ONOO^{-})$ and total reactive oxygen species (ROS). The potency of total ROS scavenging activity was shown in the extracts of 25 plants, and 4 of their species, Macleaya cordata R. Br., Salvia plebeia R. Br., Cassia tora L. and Angelica gigas Nakai, had a greater effect with $IC_{50}$ values of $1.7{\pm}0.36$, $4.3{\pm}1.08$, $4.9{\pm}0.17$ and $5.8{\pm}1.01\;{\mu}g/ml$, respectively, than that of trolox, positive control $(7.61{\pm}0.12\;{\mu}g/ml)$. Another 35 extracts exhibited inhibitory effect of below 50 percent at $100\;{\mu}g/ml$ of sample concentrations on total ROS, while the rest observed total ROS generators rather than scavengers. The peroxynitrite scavenging activities were observed in the greater part of the plants tested. Five of them, Schisandra chinensis Baill, Campsis grandiflora (Thunb.) K. Schum., Cedrela sinensis A. Juss., Pleuropterus multiflorus Turcz. and Veronica linariaefolia Pall represented scavenging activities on peroxynitrite twice as strong with $IC_{50}$ Values of $0.48{\pm}0.10$, $0.59{\pm}0.15$, $0.60{\pm}0.10$, $0.64{\pm}0.10$ and $0.91{\pm}0.23\;{\mu}g/ml$, respectively, as that of penicillamine $(1.72{\pm}0.05\;{\mu}g/ml)$, positive control. Consequently, 25 species of the entire plants tested, exhibited scavenging activities on total ROS and $ONOO^{-}$, Salvia plebeia R. Br., Macleaya cordata R. Br., Cassia tora L. and Angelica gigas Nakai exerted potent scavenging activities on both radicals.

• 한국자원식물학회지
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• 제25권3호
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• pp.349-356
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• 2012

The antioxidant potential and enzyme activities in Salicornia herbacea, Corylopsis coreana, Erythronium japonicum, Phragmites communis, Momordica Charantia, Nelumbo nucifera, Salvia plebeia, Portulaca oleracea, Ficus carica, Citrus junos and Cornus officinalis were determined. Their antioxidant activities were measured using DPPH radical scavenging and nitrite scavenging activity. Enzyme activities in investigated plants were evaluated as superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), peroxidase (POD), and ascorbate peroxidase (APX). The DPPH scavenging rate from 100 to 2500 $mgL^{-1}$ was the highest in the flower of Corylopsis coreana. However, it was not detected in most of the samples at concentration below 100 $mgL^{-1}$. The nitrite scavenging activity according to each kind of resource plants was significantly higher in the stem of Corylopsis coreana and leaf of Nelumbo nucifera. The root extract of Erythronium japonicum had the highest SOD enzyme activity of 94.0% while leaf of Salvia plebeia showed the lowest SOD enzyme activity of 30.4%. The activity of CAT and APX showed higher values in the stem of Corylopsis coreana, root of Erythronium japonicum and root of Phragmites communis in comparison with other plants. The activity of POD showed significantly high values in stem of Corylopsis coreana, Momordica Charantia and pericarp of Citrus junos extracts. The antioxidant enzyme activities differ significantly in different plants. In conclusion, we showed that Corylopsis coreana, Erythronium japonicum Cornus officinalis, and Momordica Charantia had the potent biological activities. Therefore, these plant resources showing antioxidant activity could be good materials for development of source of functional healthy food.

• 생약학회지
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• 제26권3호
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• pp.259-264
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• 1995

In the present work, 70 extracts from 23 plants have been determined to induce cytotoxic and antiviral activities of macrophages using both MTT assay and neutral red dye uptake assay. We show that 13 extracts have induced cytotoxic activities and 5 extracts induced antiviral activity in mouse peritoneal macrophages. Among 13 extracts, macrophages treated with extracts from Salvia plebeia have demonstrated significant cytotoxicity but not antiviral activity. The present findings indicate that extracts from plants can stimulate macrophages to become resistant to virus and to kill tumor cells.

• Advances in Traditional Medicine
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• 제4권3호
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• pp.125-136
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• 2004

The pharmacological mechanisms of most Oriental medicines have not been clearly defined in spite of their effective use in treating many diseases throughout the world. Many Oriental medicines have been used against various allergic diseases for generations, and still occupy an important place in traditional medicine in far eastern countries including Korea. It is also still unclear how Oriental drugs prevent allergic disease in vivo or in vitro models. Some Korean folk medicine inhibited the mast cell-mediated allergic reaction. This review summarizes the effective folk medicine in experimental effect on systemic or local anaphylaxis reaction. Potential anti-anaphylactic folk medicines include: Poncirus trifoliata; Siegesbeckia glabrescence; Solanum lyratum; Aquilaria agallocha; Ulmi radicis; Polygonum tinctorium; Hwanglyun-Haedok-Tang; Rehmannia glutinosa; Kum-Hwag-San; Syzygium aromaticm; Spirulina platensis; Sosiho-Tang; Sinomenium acutum; Schizonepta tenuifolia; Shini-San; Magnoliae flos; Sochungryong-Tang; Oryza sativa; Cryptotympana atrata; Salviae radix; Rosa davurica; Asiasari radix; Chung-Dae-San; Cichorium intybus; Perilla frutescens; Vitex rotundifolia; Terminalia chebula; Siberian Ginseng; Solanum melongena; Gahmi-Shini-San; Alpinia oxyphylla; Acanthopanax senticosus root; Prunella vulgaris; Allergina; Ixeris dentate; Acanthopanax senticosus stem; Tongkyutang; Salvia plebeia; Rubus coreanus; Sinpo- Tang; Dodutang; Forsythia fructus; Xanthii fructus; and Purple bamboo slat. Ensuring the effects and understanding the mechanisms of action for these Oriental medicines can permit drug development and laying of the ground-work for evaluating potential synergistic effects by addition and subtraction of prescriptions.

• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.62-66
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• 2002

As inhibitors of carbohydrate-digesting enzymes can prevent hyperglycemia that is known to cause many macrovascular complications, they may prove a useful adjunct to hypocaloric diets in patients with type 2 diabetes and obesity. Inhibitory activities of two hundred and fifteen kinds of medicinal herb extracts against $\alpha$-glucosidase (EC 3.2.1.20) and $\alpha$-amylase (EC 3.2.1.1) have been investigated in vitro. Adenophora triphylla, Aneilema keisak, and Morus bombysis significantly suppressed rat intestinal $\alpha$-glucosidase activity iu vitro. Porcine pancreatic amylase was efficiently inhibited by methanol extracts of Epimedium koreanum, Campsis grandiflora and Salvia plebeia. Methanol extract of Epimedium koreanum among the medicinal herbs tested showed the strongest inhibitory activity against porcine pancreatic $\alpha$-amylase with 0.1 mg/ML of $IC_{50}$/. The herb extract also improved glucose tolerance in ICR mice when loaded with 0.9 g soluble starch per kg body weight. Taken together, Epimedium koreanum merits further evaluation as a therapeutic measure.

• 한국식품위생안전성학회지
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• 제33권4호
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• pp.316-323
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• 2018

본 연구에서는 고지방 고콜레스테롤 식이 흰쥐에서 곰보배추 파우더가 간조직의 항산화 효소활성 및 산화적 손상에 미치는 영향을 관찰하였다. 실험군을 4군으로 나누어 정상 식이군, 고지방 고콜레스테롤 식이군, 고지방 고콜레스테롤 식이에 곰보배추 파우더를 5% 및 10% 첨가한 군으로 각각 나누었다. 간 조직 중의 항산화 효소계인 GSH-px, catalase 및 SOD 활성은 정상군에 비해 HF군에서는 감소되는 경향을 나타내었으나 HF군에 비해 곰보배추 파우더 공급군에서 유의적으로 증가되었다. Superoxide radical 함량을 mitochondria 및 microsome에서 측정한 결과 정상군에 비해 HF군에서 유의적인 증가를 나타내었으나 곰보배추 공급으로 유의하게 감소되었다. 특히 microsome 에서는 군간의 유의한 차이도 나타내었다. 간조직의 cytosol 및 mitochondria에서 $H_2O_2$의 함량에서는 곰보배추 공급군 모두에서 유의적인 감소로 정상군 수준을 나타내었다. 혈청에서 간수치 GOT 및 GPT를 측정한 결과 10%의 곰보배추의 공급으로 HF군에 비해 유의적으로 감소되었다. 간 조직의 microsome 및 mitochondria에서의 산화단백질 함량 또한 곰보배추 파우더의 공급으로 유의적으로 감소하였다. 과산화지질의 함량을 간조직에서 관찰 한 결과 고지방 고콜레스테롤 식이로 인해 증가된 과산화지질이 곰보배추 파우더를 공급한 군에서 유의한 감소를 나타내었다. 곰보배추의 공급으로 고지방 고콜레스테롤 식이로 손상된 간조직의 항산화계는 곰보배추 내 함유되어진 여러 생리활성 물질들이 항산화효소의 활성을 증가시켜 체내에서 생성된 free radical에 의한 산화를 억제시켰으리라 사료되어진다. 이로 미루어 곰보배추는 체내 조직의 산화를 억제하는 항산화작용에 효과적으로 기여함을 알 수 있었다.