• 대한수의학회지
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• 제45권2호
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• pp.179-183
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• 2005

Epidemiological characteristics of a total of 48 swine herd with diarrhea or a history of diarrhea in Gyeongsang-do between 1999 and 2000 were performed to evaluate the prevalence of Salmonella spp., their serotypes and antibiotic resistance patterns with respect to the different stages of swine production system. A total of 139 Salmonella spp. (21%) were isolated from 662 fecal samples and the overall herd prevalence of Salmonella spp. ranged from 12.5% to 88%. The average prevalence of Salmonella spp. from swine stages of suckling/nursery, grow/finisher and sow stage were 25.7%, 19.2% and 18.4%, respectively. Ten serotypes of Salmonella spp. were identified with a predominance of S. Typhimurium, S. Derby and S. Agona. Twenty-five isolates (18%) were found to be untypable. One hundred and two Salmonella isolates (73.4%) resistant to more than 1 antibiotic were characterized by 24 diverse resistance patterns, and their frequency of antibiotic resistance was highest in grow/finisher stage (83.3%). Resistance to tetracycline (TE; 67.6%), sulfamethoxazole (SU; 46.8%) and streptomycin (ST; 28%) was most common and the most common resistance patterns were TE SU (31.4%), TE (21.6%) and TE SU ST (20.6%) in order.

• 대한수의학회지
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• 제45권1호
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• pp.75-83
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• 2005

The purpose of this study was to investigate the antibiotic resistance pattern of E. coli and Salmonella spp. isolated from chicken feces. One hundred and forty-seven E. coli isolates showed resistance to tetracycline (95.2%), erythromycin (89.2%), ampicillin (70.1%), streptomycin (59.2%), cephalothin (56.5%), sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim (53.7%), ciprofloxacin (57.1%), enrofloxacin (59.2%) and norfloxacin (57.1%). The multiple resistance was seen in 144 isolates (97.9%) and the rate of five, six and seven drugs resistance pattern were 20.4%, 18.4% and 16.3%, respectively. Also, the multiple resistance of E. coli to twelve drugs were seen in 1 isolates (0.7%). Fourteen Salmonella spp. showed resistance to ampicillin (50.0%), streptomycin (57.1%), erythromycin (64.3%) and tetracycline (57.1%) and the rate of two and three drugs resistance pattern were 4 isolates (28.6%), respectively. The prevalence of resistant organisms in Korea probably reflects lack of proper antibiotic policy resulting in prolonged and indiscriminate use of antimicrobial agents.

• Food Science and Biotechnology
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.216-222
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• 2005

This study was performed to determine the antibiotic susceptibility profiles of Salmonella spp., coliforms, Listeria monocytogenes, Staphylococcus aureus and Vibrio spp. isolated from broiler carcasses, aquacultured flounders, hamburgers, and lettuce, which are foods consumed in large quantities in Korea. Salmonella spp. and L. monocytogenes were isolated only from broiler carcasses and Salmonella spp. had a high multidrug resistance rate of 61.1%. Meanwhile, coliforms and S. aureus were isolated from all four foods tested in this experiment. The multidrug resistance rate of coliforms from broiler carcasses was 50%, and that of Vibrio spp. from flounders was 71.4%. The resistance to tetracycline, streptomycin, ampicillin or carbenicillin was common regardless of the kind of food or isolate.

• 한국미생물·생명공학회지
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• 제48권2호
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• pp.230-235
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• 2020

The global evolution of antibiotic resistance has threatened the efficacy of available treatment options with ravaging impacts observed in developing countries. As a result, investigations into the prevalence of antibiotic resistance and the role of plasmids are crucial. In this study, we investigated the presence and distribution of bla_TEM and gyrA genes, plasmid profiles, and the antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of Salmonella strains isolated from raw meat and stool sources across Niger State, Nigeria. Ninety-eight samples, comprising 72 raw meat and 26 stool samples, were screened for Salmonella spp. The antimicrobial susceptibility of Salmonella isolates to 10 commonly used antimicrobial agents was determined using the KirbyBauer disc diffusion method. Isolates were further analyzed for plasmids, in addition to PCR amplification of beta-lactamase (bla_TEM) and gyrA genes. A total of 31 Salmonella spp. were isolated, with 22 from raw meat (70.97%) and 9 from stool (29.03%). Salmonella spp. with multiple resistance patterns to ceftazidime, cefuroxime, ceftriaxone, erythromycin, ampicillin, cloxacillin, and gentamicin were detected. Ofloxacin and ciprofloxacin were found to be the most effective among the antibiotics tested, with 67.7% and 93.5% susceptible isolates, respectively. Nine (29.03%) isolates harbored plasmids with molecular sizes ranging between 6557 bp and 23137 bp. PCR amplification of gyrA was detected in 1 (3.23%) of the 31 isolates while 28 isolates (90.32%) were positive for bla_TEM. This study shows the incidence of antibiotic resistance in Salmonella isolates and the possible role of plasmids; it also highlights the prevalence of ampicillin resistance in this local population.

• 한국식품위생안전성학회지
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• 제39권2호
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• pp.134-151
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• 2024

살모넬라균은 가장 대표적인 수인성·식품매개질환 중 하나이며 전 세계적으로 인간 위장염, 설사 질환의 가장 흔한 원인이 되는 병원체이다. 식품 및 환경 검체, 식중독 또는 설사 환자로부터 분리한 살모넬라균의 혈청형, vitek2를 이용한 항생제 내성검사, PFGE를 이용한 유전적 상관관계를 조사하였다. 2020년부터 2023년까지 제주도의 식품 또는 환경 검체에서 26주와 인체검체에서 313주로 총 339주가 분리되었다. 월별로 분리된 살모넬라균은 3월부터 서서히 증가하여 8월에 가장 많이 살모넬라균을 분리되었다. 환자로부터 분리된 살모넬라균은 성별에 따른 유의미한 차이가 없었다. 그러나 살모넬라균은 70세 이상의 사람들에게서 가장 많이 분리되었고, 10-19세 사이의 사람들에게서 가장 적게 분리되었다. 식품 및 환경 검체에서 분리된 살모넬라균은 8개 혈청형이 있었으며, 주요 혈청형은 S. Bareilly (26.9%), S. Rissen (23.1%), S. Thompson (19.3%) 순으로 확인되었다. 또한, 인체검체로부터 분리된 살모넬라균은 27개 혈청형이 있었으며, 주요 혈청형은 S. Bareilly (31.0%), S. Typhimurium (24.6%), S. Enteritidis (11.5%) 순으로 확인되었다. 집단식중독의 원인이 되었던 살모넬라균 혈청형은 S. Bareilly, S. Enteritidis, S. Thompson이 있었다. 항생제 내성 검사 결과에서는 다양한 항생제에 대한 내성이 나타났으며, 일부 살모넬라균에서는 다제내성이 나타났다. 살모넬라균은 17개의 혈청형에 따라 다양한 유전적 상관관계를 보여주었다. 이러한 결과는 살모넬라균의 유행을 예측하고, 과학적 근거를 제공함으로써 역학조사의 기초자료로 활용될 수 있을 것으로 사료된다.

• 한국동물위생학회지
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.77-91
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• 2000

This study was conducted to investigate the antibiotic resistance and plasmid profiles of 58 salmonella spp isolated from mesenteric lymphnodes of slaughter pigs in Kyoungbuk province during the period from September 1997 to June 1998. The results obtained are as follow that all isolates were susceptible to amikacin, gentamicin, ciprofloxacin and enrofloxacin, and the majority of isolates were highly susceptible to norfloxacin, colistin, nalidixic acid and apramycin while they were moderately susceptible to kanamycin, cephalothin, chloramphenicol, ampicillin, trimethoprim and penicillin. The majority of isolates were over 90% resistant rates to lincomycin, sulfadimethoxine, vancomycin, methicillin and erythromycin. The plasmid profiles of 58 salmonella spp are developed 1 to 4 fractions, 0.9 to 29.5 Kb molecular range sizes and U strains (45.5%) were showed plasmid profiles by agarose gel electrophoresis. 5 derby harbored 29.5 Kb and 7 Kb, and S schwarzengrund had 14 Kb and 0.9 Kb harboring sizes. Four of 10 S agona and 2 of 4 S typhimurium were harbored 3.1 Kb and n.5 Kb, respectively. Thirty-five untypable strains are developed variable size fractions its showed small size plasmid profile less than 6 Kb and 22 (62.8%) of them had no detectable plasmids.

• 대한수의학회지
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• 제63권2호
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• pp.16.1-16.6
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• 2023

Salmonella spp. are pathogens involved in most salmonellosis in rabbits. This study examined Salmonella disease in rabbits raised in Thua Thien Hue, Vietnam. Two hundred and 56 rectal swabs of rabbits were taken, and a carrier rate of 33.98% was found. In addition, all the isolated Salmonella spp. strains were 100% motile; positive for H₂S, catalase, Voges Proskauer, coagulase, citrate, maltose, and dextrose; and negative for indole, methyl red, urease, oxidase, sucrose, and lactose. The Kirby-Bauer method showed that these Salmonella strains were susceptible to doxycycline (93.2%), tetracycline (84.1%), and levofloxacin (65.9%). On the other hand, they were highly resistant to streptomycin (95.5%), ampicillin (93.2%), colistin (40.9%), and gentamicin (34.1%). Furthermore, polymerase chain reaction used to screen for virulence and specific genes of Salmonella strains showed that all Salmonella strains isolated carried InvA, fimA, and Stn.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제34권5호
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• pp.1101-1108
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• 2024

Earlier studies have validated the isolation of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Salmonella (ESBL-Sal) strains from food. While poultry is recognized as a reservoir for Salmonella contamination, pertinent data regarding ESBL-Sal remains limited. Consequently, the Ministry of Food and Drug Safety has isolated Salmonella spp. from retail meat and evaluated their antibiotic susceptibility and genetic characteristics via whole-genome sequencing. To further elucidate these aspects, this study investigates the prevalence, antibiotic resistance profiles, genomic characteristics, and homology of ESBL-Sal spp. obtained from livestock-derived products in South Korean retail outlets. A total of 653 Salmonella spp. were isolated from 1,876 meat samples, including 509 beef, 503 pork, 555 chicken, and 309 duck samples. The prevalence rates of Salmonella were 0.0%, 1.4%, 17.5%, and 28.2% in the beef, pork, chicken, and duck samples, respectively. ESBL-Sal was exclusively identified in poultry meat, with a prevalence of 1.4% in the chicken samples (8/555) and 0.3% in the duck samples (1/309). All ESBL-Sal strains carried the bla_CTX-M-1 gene and exhibited resistance to ampicillin, ceftiofur, ceftazidime, nalidixic acid, and tetracycline. Eight ESBL-Sal isolates were identified as S. Enteritidis with sequence type (ST) 11. The major plasmid replicons of the Enteritidis-ST11 strains were IncFIB(S) and IncFII(S), carrying antimicrobial resistance genes (β-lactam, tetracycline, and aminoglycoside) and 166 virulence factor genes. The results of this study provide valuable insights for the surveillance and monitoring of ESBL-Sal in South Korean food chain.

• 한국식품위생안전성학회지
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• 제39권1호
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• pp.1-8
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• 2024

Salmonella spp. 11 strains에 대해 저온 열처리(50℃) 3, 6, 9분 후 MIC값을 측정하여 항생제 내성을 알아보았다. Chloramphenicol에 대해 대조군과 열처리한 strains 대부분에서 감수성(S)이 있는 것으로 나타났고, 열처리한 strains의 MIC값은 대조군과 비교하였을 때 유지되거나 감소하였다. Ciprofloxacin에 대해 대조군과 열처리한 strains는 대부분 감수성(S)이 있거나 중간(I)을 나타냈다. Tetracycline은 모든 strains에서 감수성(S)이 있는 것으로 나타났으며, S. Gaminara BAA 711에 대해 열처리 후 MIC값이 증가하였다. Gentamicin에 대해 대조군 strains들에서 감수성을 나타낸 strains가 3 strains, 중간을 나타낸 strains 2 strains, 내성을 가진 strains가 6 strains였으며, 이 중 S. Heidelberg ATCC 8326는 MIC값을 측정했을 때 대조군에서 MIC값이 8 ㎍/mL로 MIC break point가 중간이었으나, 3분과 9분 열처리 후 MIC값이 16 ㎍/mL로 증가하여 break point가 내성을 나타냈다. 본 실험결과 Salmonella spp. 11 strains에 대해서 저온 열처리 후 열내성 효과에 의한 항생제 내성을 알아봤을 때 ciprofloxacin에서 S. Montevideo BAA 710을 3, 6분 열처리한 경우, gentamicin에서 S. Enteritidis 109 D1을 3분 처리한 경우와 S. Heidelberg ATCC 8326을 3, 9분 처리한 경우, tetracycline에서 S. Gaminara BAA 711을 6, 9분 처리한 경우 MIC값이 증가하였다. 후속 연구를 통해 Salmonella spp. strains에 대해 열처리 후 열내성 효과를 나타내는 병원성 유전자의 특성에 대한 지속적인 연구가 필요하다.

• 대한수의학회지
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• 제34권2호
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• pp.267-273
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• 1994

Feces samples, obtained from zoo animals around Seoul, were examined for the isolation of Salmonella species, bioserotype and drug resistance for the prevention and treatment of salmonellosis, Salmonella spp were isolated 19(4.7%) from 408 samples of zoo animals. The subspecies in 19 Salmonella were all subspecies 1. The serological identification of Salmonella isolated were 31.6% in Sal typhimurium, 26.3% in Sal hadar, 21.1% in Sal muenchen, 15.8% in Sal enteritidis and 5.3% in Sal ayinde. The antibiotic resistance of Salmonella isolated were 13(68.4%) strains. The multiple resistant patterns of antibiotics in Salmonella were 2 drugs- and 3 drugs-resistance 30.8% respectively. The transferred rate of resistance to recipients(E coli ML 1410 $NA^r$) in Salmonella was 38.5%.