• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.11 no.8
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• pp.2935-2941
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• 2010

This study used 3 kinds of experimental toothpaste with different contents(0%, 1.1%,2.2% of SLS. A total of 150 young adults in their 20's without any systemic disease were recruited for the study. These 150 subjects were subdivided into three groups(each having 50 subjects) according to the results of preliminary oral examination.After 4 weeks application of the three groups of toothpaste, Group C showed the highest halitosis index, followed by Groups A and B which had similar halitosis indices. Both oral sulfur compound and aerobic sulfur compound were measured at high content possibly because higher SLS content which is associated with the lower salivary flow rate is causing the xerostomia. SLS content was correlated with oral sulfur compound (r=0.412) and aerobic sulfur compound (r=0.285).

• Korean Journal of Biological Psychiatry
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.80-84
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• 2000

Background : Hypersalivation can be a troublesome side effect of clozapine, limiting its usefulness in the management of some cases of schizophrenia. But the pharmacodynamic basis of clozapine-induced hypersalivation remains obscure. Object : The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of the ${\alpha}_2$-adrenergic agonist clonidine on clozapine-induced hypersalivation in the patients who were receiving clozapine. Method : Twenty one schizophrenic inpatients on clozapine participated in the study. The amount of saliva was measured on the 7th day at 8pm after starting clozapine treatment. Of them, 15 patients who had experienced hypersalivation was treated with 0.1mg/day of clonidine. Result : Of 21 schizophrenic patients treated with clozapine in the psychiatric inpatient clinic, 15(71.4%) complained hypervalivation. After clonidine treatment, mean salivary flow-rate was decreased significantly in these patients. Conclusion : Clozapine-induced hypersalivation could be decreased by administration of ${\alpha}_2$-adrenergic agonist clonidine and compliance could be improved. Also our study supports the notion that increased adrenergic tone contributes to clozapine-induced hypersalivation.

• Journal of Korean society of Dental Hygiene
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.103-109
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• 2016

Objectives: The purpose of the study is to investigate the effect of oral exercise on oral health and oral health related quality of life in the elderly people. Methods: The subjects were83 elderly people including 42 elderly people of intervention group and 41 elderly people of control group. A dentist and a dental hygienist carried out the direct oral examination. The self-reported questionnaire was completed and the oral examination consisted of decayed tooth, missing tooth, filling tooth, functioning tooth, plaque index, salivary flow rate, and range of motion in mouth opening. OHIP-14 was used to assess the oral health related quality of life. For three months, oral exercise was done twice per week in the experimental group. Results: Before oral exercise, there was no significant difference between the intervention group and control group. After 3 months, there was a significant improvement in plaque reduction and range of motion in mouth opening between two groups (p<0.001, p<0.001). Oral health related quality of life was observed in the intervention group (p<0.001). Conclusions: The oral exercise using toothbrushing remarkably improved the oral health related quality of life in the elderly people.

• Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.11-16
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• 2001

타액은 그 양과 조성 등에 있어 많은 인자들의 영향을 받는다. 타액분비 감소는 구강의 자정작용, 완충능, 치아우식저항성 등 타액의 고유한 기능을 변화시켜서 구강건조감, 구강작열감, 다발성 치아우식증 등의 소인이 된다. 이에 저자는 심리적 요인이 구강내 환경에 미치는 영향을 평가하고자 타액선질환을 포함한 전신질환이 없는 전북대학교 치과대학생 20명을 대상으로 일상생활시와 시험 직전의 비자극성 전타액을 5분간 추출하여, 그 유출량과 수소이온농도를 측정, 비교, 평가하였다. 타액유출량은 $25m{\ell}$의 메스실린더를 사용하였고, 수소이온농도는 pH/SEmeter(ORION, 720A model)를 이용하여 측정하였다. 평가 결과 남성의 비자극성 타액유출량과 수소이온농도는 $3.68{\pm}1.31m{\ell}/5min$와 $7.63{\pm}0.17$이었고, 여성에서는 각각 $4.93{\pm}1.47m{\ell}/5min$와 $7.43{\pm}0.29$로서 성별간 유의한 차이가 없었다. 그리고 일상생활시의 성인의 5분간 수집된 비자극성 타액유출량은 $4.18{\pm}1.48m{\ell}/5min$였고, 스트레스하에서의 양은 $2.20{\pm}0.95m{\ell}/5min$로 나타나 스트레스시 타액유출량이 감소하는 것으로 나타났다(p<0.01). 또한 일상생활시의 성인의 비자극성 타액의 수소이온농도는 $7.55{\pm}0.24$였고, 스트레스하에서의 수소이온농도는 $7.22{\pm}0.20$으로 나타나 스트레스시 수소이온농도가 감소하는 것으로 나타났다(p<0.01). 이상의 결과로 보아 스트레스는 타액유출량을 감소시키고 구강내를 보다 산성화시킨다고 사료된다.

• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
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• v.43 no.3
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• pp.375-386
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• 2022

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to summarize current clinical study trends and results regarding transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) treatment for xerostomia. Methods: Studies published from 2017 to 2022 were searched on domestic databases and PubMed. The included studies were analyzed according to the year, language, study design, diagnosis xerostomia method, and TENS treatment method. Results: Nine studies were included. There were three randomized controlled trials (RCTs), three case series, one case report, one case-control study, and one cross-sectional study. Conventional TENS was used in seven studies, and acupuncture-like TENS (ALTENS) was used in one study. The most common TENS attachment site was externally on the skin overlying the parotid gland region, and the setting of TENS was 50 Hz-250 μs the most. In all nine studies, TENS was effective for xerostomia as assessed by salivary flow rate or quality of life questionnaire. Additionally, no persistent adverse events were reported after TENS treatment. Conclusions: TENS treatment for xerostomia can be considered effective and safe, so it can be used in clinical practice.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology and Dermatology
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• v.37 no.1
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• pp.69-85
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• 2024

Objectives : By analyzing articles on xerostomia and burning mouth syndrome, two representative diseases that cause various symptoms in oral cavity. Methods : We analyzed articles by dividing them into review articles, original articles, case reports. The subjects were 11 articles on xerostomia and 13 articles on burning mouth syndrome published in Korean medical journals. Results : 1. The subjects were 11 articles on xerostomia and 13 articles on burning mouth syndrome published in Korean medical journals. 2. The first article was published in 2007 and the most published articles were three each in 2013, 2018 and 2022. 3. Classification by type of article was as follows: 2 review articles(8.3%), 16 original articles(66.7%) and 6 case reports(25.0%). 4. The journal with the most published articles was journal of internal Korean medicine and the topics were xerostomia(72.7%), burning mouth syndrome(76.9%). 5. For both diseases, the number of female patients was higher than that of male patients. 6. The main symptom of xerostomia is dryness in the mouth and the main symptom of burning mouth syndrome is pain in the oral cavity. 7. Questionnaires, diagnosis based on dialectics and diagnostic devices were used to diagnose xerostomia and burning mouth syndrome. Conclusion : Diagnosis of xerostomia and burning mouth syndrome require overall consideration the entire hum an body along with the oral cavity. Since there are many different diagnostic methods, appropriate methods must be carefully selected and used.

• Journal of Korean society of Dental Hygiene
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.281-289
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• 2024

Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of the CAMBRA-students application by assessing the changes in dental caries risk factors and management effectiveness in elementary and middle school students. Methods: This study was conducted between July 2023 and May 2024 and included 113 participants (55 experimental and 58 control participants). Participants used the CAMBRA-students application to enter the protective and risk factors. Clinicians recorded the disease indicators and classified the participants into risk groups. Only the experimental group received the tailored dental caries management program, with feedback provided via the applicationat each intervention stage. Results: The pre- and post-intervention assessments revealed an increase in the high-risk group and a decrease in the extremehigh-risk group. Conversely, the control group exhibited a decrease in the high-risk group and an increase in the extreme high-risk group. The DMFT index and rateand salivary flow rate increased in both groups. The Simple Hygiene Score and ΔR decreased and increased in the experimental and control groups, respectively, with no statistically significant differences. Conclusions: The CAMBRA-students application effectively prevented dental caries in children and adolescents. The future development of personalized oral care programs tailored to different life stages is recommended.

• Journal of agricultural medicine and community health
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• v.40 no.3
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• pp.158-170
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• 2015

Objective: The purpose of this study is to examine the effects of oral exercise on oral function and denture satisfaction of the elderly using dentures. Methods: The study was conducted with targets of the elderly in the 13 senior community centers in Cheongsong-gun, Gyeongsangbuk-do from September 2013 to April 2014. The study subjects were divided into two groups, the intervention group provided with 8 week oral exercise program and the control group without exercise. The data on oral function, denture satisfaction and oral health related quality of life (OHIP-14) were analyzed among the 79 subjects from the intervention group and the 71 subjects from the control group. Results: For oral function, salivary flow rate, mouth opening, pronunciation and salty taste were significantly improved in the intervention group (p<0.01). There were significant differences in salivary flow rate, mouth opening, pronunciation and salty taste between the two groups (p<0.01). For denture satisfaction, there were significant differences in masticatory function, fixing function, general treatment satisfaction and total denture satisfaction between the two groups (p<0.05). There were significant differences between the two groups in the total points of oral health related quality of life. Conclusion: Oral exercise was effective in improving oral function and denture satisfaction of the elderly using dentures. To improve oral health related quality of life of the elderly further researches and programs will be necessary.

• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
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• v.41 no.5
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• pp.838-847
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• 2020

Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate the clinical characteristics of patients with Burning Mouth Syndrome (BMS) due to hyposalivation (HS). Methods: We reviewed the clinical records of 39 BMS patients who visited the Department of Digestive Diseases of Kyunghee Korean Medicine Hospital from March 1st, 2020 to July 31st, 2020. The subjects were classified according to the presence or absence of hyposalivation and both groups were compared for the proportion of coated tongue, heart rate variability (HRV), Ryodoraku, and the numeral rating scale (NRS) score of tongue pain results. Results: The BMS with Hyposalivation (HS group) and the BMS without Hyposalivation (Non-HS group) showed a significant difference in the proportion of coated tongue and the NRS score for tongue pain. The NRS score was significantly higher in the Non-HS group and the proportion of coated tongue was lower. However, no significant differences were noted in several HRV parameters between the two groups. The most frequent accompanying symptoms were xerostomia and dyspepsia. Conclusions: The results of this study suggest that hyposalivation might be one of the main causes of tongue pain, the key complaint in BMS patients. Sympathetic/parasympathetic imbalance might not be a main contribution of hyposalivation in BMS. Instead, factors such as the number of medications taken seem to correlate with hyposalivation in BMS. This results could be useful in the management of BMS patients with hyposalivation in clinical practice.

• Journal of dental hygiene science
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• v.11 no.6
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• pp.497-503
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• 2011

The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of a program geared toward improving elderly people's oral function. After a program was provided to the selected elderly people free of charge for three months, they were asked to rate their own oral function to see whether they underwent any changes after their participation in the program, and their oral function was tested to obtain objective data. The collected data were analyzed by the statistical package SPSS WIN 18.0. The findings of the study were as follows: As for changes in their self-rated indicators of oral function, they faced less troubles in most of the oral function items after they participated in the program, and there were statistically significant differences in some of the items. As a result of making an objective evaluation of their oral function, they underwent a little change in salivary flow rate from 1.19 to 1.30, though the change was not statistically significant. In terms of opening, they showed a statistically significant rise of scores from 4.22 to 4.53, and they also showed a statistically significant rise of scores in pronunciation from 30.52 to 38.88. Regarding satisfaction with the program, they gave 4.48 to the program, which implied that they were greatly satisfied with the program. The abovementioned findings suggest that oral health experts and program providers should try to encourage elderly people to keep on taking oral health programs with interest. Currently, oral exercise programs are conducted in some public health centers and in the field of clinical dentistry, and it's required to offer more oral exercise programs as community exercise programs for the elderly.