• Journal of Korean Society of Occupational and Environmental Hygiene
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.174-184
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• 2020

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to improve the working environment by identifying the work satisfaction of the cleaning workers of the aircraft and measuring and assessing the harmful factors of the cleaning process. Methods: We asked 23 cleaning companies for questionnaires and got 100 answers from 5 companies. The A-E Airline health manager has been contacted to establish a site survey schedule. The in-flight and lounge were measured using direct reading equipment. The harmful factor to be measured are noise, dust, temperature, volatile organic compound, total airborne bacteria, and total airborne bacteria. Results: Uncomfortable positions when replacing blanket, cleaning the table, and cleaning the floor have been identified as factor that reduce work satisfaction. Noise when replacing newspapers and cleaning toilets has been identified as a factor that lowers work satisfaction. Temperature and humidity were found to reduce work satisfaction during in-flight disinfection. Measurements of aircraft cabin and lounge with direct read equipment have shown that none of the items exceed the exposure criteria. Conclusions: As a result of measuring direct-reading equipment, no items exceeded the exposure criteria for each harmful factor. A clear survey of the working environment is required based on the results, and additional research is needed using personal sample measurement.

• Journal of Fisheries and Marine Sciences Education
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.351-360
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• 2011

In order to reduce the casualties of fishing boats, the author analyzed the fishing boat accident on the 412 cases in Korean maritime safety tribunal for the 2005~2009, and then studied the relation between the weather element and the accidents. According to this studies, the occurring ratio of sea casualty for fishing boat in fog weather was appeared 1 boat per 1.6 days. It means that the restricted visibility condition gives the most influence on the fishing boat accident. The casualties in winter season from November to next January occurred 139(33.7%), and small boats less than 50tons broke out more casualties with 68.4%. From this we can find that small fishing boats are very deeply affected on the sea weather condition. According to the boat types for fishing the casualty of jig boat was ranked first, and collision accident account for first with 77.9% for the types of casualties. As mentioned above, most sea casualties for small fishing boats were resulted from the human factors such as poor watch keeping in invisibility and the bad sea condition, it is necessary for navigation operators and the manager to take more attention to the meteorological factors.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.361-366
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• 2004

Purpose: This descriptive study was conducted to illuminate, from the nursing point of view, the infant care act, which was revised recently and to suggest a desirable direction of its enforcement decree and regulations. Method: This study was carried out through literature review and a collection of child care experts' opinions. Result: The most remarkable changes in infant care act and the suggestions for a desirable direction of its enforcement decree and regulations are as follows: It can be said that the law on 'health', 'nutrition' and 'safety' for a child care center was improved to the level of act from the level of enforcement regulation. In the enforcement regulation on the distribution of nurses in child care centers, it is desirable that nurse's aids are excluded. It is recommended that every child care center should have a nurse or a health care manager and/or an emergency caretaker. In the curriculum for child care, the subjects on child health care should be an essential subject, not elective. Conclusion: Child care act should be reformed under the discipline of first priority to child health. Every nurse and nursing professor should have interest and earnestness in child care and conduct related studies.

• Journal of Korea Society of Digital Industry and Information Management
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.17-26
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• 2018

Connected car plays an important role on Intelligent Transport System (ITS). ITS is able to secure drivers' convenience and safety, however, the overall system can be threatened by hacking attempt. Blockchain is one strong candidate of the remedy to promote the security of the ITS network. However, there will be many challenges to adopt previously proposed blockchain technologies to ITS. This work presents a new ITS structure based on blockchain technology. Proposed scheme includes three major layers. The first layer is central manager which is initiated once to register a certain connected car. The third layer is RSU (Road Side Unit) layer which exploits PoS (Proof of Stake) for consortium blockchains and retains real-time information. In addition, this layer performs block expiration based on timers to maintain manageable block length. In the second layer, the generated blocks of the third layer without expiration are housed as private blockchains. We finally demonstrate possible merits of newly proposed scheme.

• The Journal of Economics, Marketing and Management
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• v.10 no.6
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• pp.47-57
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• 2022

Purpose: This study explored the relationship between product characteristics and customer purchase intention in cross-border online shopping. Research design, data, and methodology: Through literature review, the research model of product characteristics and consumers' purchase intention is constructed, and trust is taken as a medium variable. Based on the survey data of Chinese consumers, empirical analysis and hypothesis verification are conducted. This study used SPSS version 21 to confirm the reliability and validity of the research model. To confirm the media effect of the model in this study, the Sobel Test was used. Results: The results of hypothesis identification of this research model showed that 8 of the 11 hypotheses were adopted and 3 were rejected. Results confirmed the relationship between product characteristics (specification, diversity, reputation, novelty, quality) and customer purchase intention. Conclusions: The result from this study had particular theoretical significance for improving the research on cross-border online shopping systems to improve the safety and satisfaction of customers in cross-border online shopping.

• The Korean Journal of Emergency Medical Services
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.117-128
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• 2020

Purpose: This study analyzed the information and accessibility of toxic substances provided to Internet websites. Methods: From August 1, 2020, to August 31, 2020, we analyzed eight internet websites regarding toxic pharmaceuticals, pesticides, and chemicals. The website-evaluation criteria were divided into five categories for information and five categories for website convenience. Results: All eight websites about toxic substances were hosted by reliable institutions or organizations and provided accurate information in terms of informational relevance. The website run by the Safety and Health Corporation scored the highest with 100points. Analysis of the websites' accessibility to non-members' revealed that six (75.0%) were accessible, but two (12.5%) provided only limited information. Access to information through mobile apps was only available in three of the eight cases (37.5%). Conclusion: This study can be used as a reference for Internet websites about toxic substances. Toxicological information that can be viewed only with membership and manager approval requires membership in advance of viewing. In addition, emergency medical personnel working at a site or hospital should be familiar with the characteristics of toxicity information retrieval.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Building Construction
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• v.20 no.6
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• pp.497-504
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• 2020

In Korea construction industry, researches are being conducted to reduce the disasters related tower crane due to the increase of tower crane's usage and accidents continuously. Although the usage amount of remote control tower crane has been increasing recently, the research on remote-control tower crane is insufficient. In this study, the importance ranking of remote control tower crane's accident factors derived by AHP analysis. AHP questionnaire was conducted to engineers (or operators) like construction site engineer, construction manager, safety engineer, and tower crane operator, who have more than 10 years career. The results of AHP analysis reveal that top ranking factor of remote control tower crane's accident is lifting work for materials. Therefore, the high importance factors should be managed, and taken the priority measures for reducing the tower crane accidents by using the results of this research.

• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
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• v.44 no.6
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• pp.1176-1185
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• 2023

Introduction: Non-erosive reflux disease (NERD) is the most common subtype of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). This study aims to synthesize evidence on the efficacy and safety of various herbal medicines for the treatment of NERD. Methods and analysis: Ten electronic databases will be examined: MEDLINE (via PubMed), Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Embase, Allied and Complementary Medicine Database, China National Knowledge Infrastructure Database, Citation Information by Nii, Korean Medical Database, Korean Studies Information Service System, National Digital Science Library, and Oriental Medicine Advanced Searching Integrated System. All randomized controlled trials published from inception to May 2023 that meet the eligibility criteria will be selected. Two independent researchers will extract data, such as publication year, study design, intervention details, outcome measures, main results, and adverse events. The risk of bias and quality of evidence will be assessed, and subgroup analyses will be performed according to the type of control intervention and herbal medicine. The analysis process will be conducted using Review Manager 5.4 software. Discussion: This review will present a summary and rationale for herbal medicine's effectiveness in treating NERD. The findings of this review can help those who want to apply herbal medicine to the treatment of NERD.

• Journal of Korean Society of Industrial and Systems Engineering
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• v.36 no.4
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• pp.18-24
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• 2013

A document control system (DCS), ANSIM (KAERI Advanced Nuclear Safety Information Management) was designed for the purpose of documents preparation, review, and approvement for JRTR (Jordan Research and Training Reactor) project. The ANSIM system consists of a document management, document container, project management, organization management, and EPC (Engineering, Procurement and Construction) document folder. The document container folder run after specific contents, a revision history of the design documents and drawings are issued in KAERI. The EPC document work-scope is a registry for incoming documents in ANSIM, the assignment of a manager or charger, document review, preparing and outgoing PM memorandum as attached the reviewed paper. On the other hand, KAERI is aiming another extra network server for the NRR (New Research Reactor) by the end of this year. In conclusion, it is the first, computation system of DCS that provides document form, document number, and approval line. Second, ANSIM increases the productivity of performance that can be recognized the document work-flow of oneself and all participants. Finally, a plenty of experience and knowledge of nuclear technology can be transmitted to next generation for the design, manufacturing, testing, installation, and commissioning. Though this, ANSIM is expected to allow the export of a knowledge and information system as well as a research reactor.

• Structural Monitoring and Maintenance
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• v.5 no.3
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• pp.363-377
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• 2018

The proper functioning of critical points on transport infrastructure is decisive for the entire network. Tunnels and bridges certainly belong to the critical points of the surface transport network, both road and rail. Risk management should be a holistic and dynamic process throughout the entire life cycle. However, the level of risk is usually determined only during the design stage mainly due to the fact that it is a time-consuming and costly process. This paper presents a simplified quantitative risk analysis method that can be used any time during the decades of a tunnel's lifetime and can estimate the changing risks on a continuous basis and thus uncover hidden safety threats. The presented method is a decision support system for tunnel managers designed to preserve or even increase tunnel safety. The CAPITA method is a deterministic scenario-oriented risk analysis approach for assessment of mortality risks in road tunnels in case of the most dangerous situation - a fire. It is implemented through an advanced risk analysis CAPITA SW. Both, the method as well as the resulting software were developed by the authors' team. Unlike existing analyzes requiring specialized microsimulation tools for traffic flow, smoke propagation and evacuation modeling, the CAPITA contains comprehensive database with the results of thousands of simulations performed in advance for various combinations of variables. This approach significantly simplifies the overall complexity and thus enhances the usability of the resulting risk analysis. Additionally, it provides the decision makers with holistic view by providing not only on the expected risk but also on the risk's sensitivity to different variables. This allows the tunnel manager or another decision maker to estimate the primary change of risk whenever traffic conditions in the tunnel change and to see the dependencies to particular input variables.