• 대한안전경영과학회지
• /
• 제13권1호
• /
• pp.133-142
• /
• 2011

Overhead facility design problem(OFDP) is one of the shortest rectilinear flow network problem(SRFNP)[4]. Genetic algorithm(GA), artificial immune system(AIS), population management genetic algorithm (PM) and greedy randomized adaptive search procedures (GRASP) were introduced to solve OFDP. A path matrix formed individual was designed to represent rectilinear path between each facility. An exchange crossover operator and an exchange mutation operator were introduced for OFDP. Computer programs for each algorithm were constructed to evaluate the performance of algorithms. Computation experiments were performed on the quality of solution and calculations time by using randomly generated test problems. The average object value of PM was the best of among four algorithms. The quality of solutions of AIS for the big sized problem were better than those of GA and GRASP. The solution quality of GRASP was the worst among four algorithms. Experimental results showed that the calculations time of GRASP was faster than any other algorithm. GA and PM had shown similar performance on calculation time and the calculation time of AIS was the worst.

• 대한조선학회논문집
• /
• 제54권2호
• /
• pp.143-150
• /
• 2017

Previous methods to evaluate the risk of dropped objects rely on personnel experience of the engineer or operator without analyzed data. However analyzing historical statistic data is the best approach to find the safest operation route and to achieve more reasonable and reliable calculation results. By counting the failure frequency and fatal accident rate the risk can be quantified, and so controlled or mitigated with best economical risk reducing measures. This analysis gives a crane operator with useful information for selecting the best crane operation route, and a designer with an estimation of risk level for the dropped objects from a safety point of view.

• 디지털산업정보학회논문지
• /
• 제8권3호
• /
• pp.87-95
• /
• 2012

Up to now, industrial cranes play important roles as the effective machines to carry heavy loads in the manufacturing premise, in the construction field and so on. And, a crane is widely used not only to daily work but also to carry heavy materials efficiently in a construction site for prevention of accident. However, the crane operation is highly complicated even for experts. In this paper, we developed the content of the crane mounted on the controller. This content overload conditions in the operating environment for the crane operator to warn, and the operation of equipment has the capability to limit automatically. The content for crane controller is to alert the operator overload and to limit the operation of equipment for stabilizing capabilities. The content of the flexible algorithm is based on stabilizing controllers, PLC (Programmable Logic Controller) to connect for using the equipment and electrical control systems to ensure the safety of workers and to improve the ability to work possible.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 대한전기학회 2005년도 제36회 하계학술대회 논문집 B
• /
• pp.1053-1055
• /
• 2005

At the moment, the operation methods for pad switch are different due to the differences of the manufacturer and the types or ratings of pad switches; accordingly, various types of the operation tools are required for the operation of pad switch. Sometimes, the operator uses conductive tool made of metal, or there is no sufficient space around the pad switch for operation and these kinds of problems are related with the potential safety accidents of the operators. Therefore, to solve these problems, new universal operation tool for pad switch, which only needs the change of operation head for various types of pad switches, has been developed. With this new tool, durability and safety of the operator can be achieve.

• 대한안전경영과학회지
• /
• 제17권3호
• /
• pp.81-88
• /
• 2015

Infrastructure such as tracks, catenary, rolling stock and signaling systems, and close interface with the human factors of train drivers, shunting staff and maintenance staff are required for train operations. Safety management is the most essential part for the functioning of a train. In line with the safety management, each rail operator has a safety guidance system and the Ministry of Land, Infrastructure and Transport operates Railway Safety Inspector system. Safety Inspector System is to train employees working in the field to be aware of rules and regulations, and to improve identified risk factors. Hence, it is necessary to establish systematic training and inspection methods for safety guidance staff and make clear the roles and responsibilities of safety inspectors according to the Occupational Safety and Health Act, and safety instructors for several inspections according to the Railroad Safety Act.

• 한국가스학회지
• /
• 제28권1호
• /
• pp.27-34
• /
• 2024

청정수소 중심의 수소산업 육성 계획에 따라 수전해 설비에 대한 기술개발 및 실증운전이 활발하게 이루어지고 있다. 새로 개발되고 있는 수소 사용시설 및 용품에 대해서는 위험성평가 수행을 통하여 잠재위험요인을 확인하고 안전성을 확보하고 있다. 그러나 일반적으로 대부분 산업사고는 설비의 운전 또는 사용 중에 작업자의 실수 또는 잘못된 작업 관행 등에 의해 발생한다. 특히 작업자가 직접 조작하는 운전작업, 분해 또는 해체를 하는 유지보수작업, 설비점검 시에 사고의 발생 가능성이 크다. 이러한 이유로 실증운영을 위해 개발되는 설비에 대한 주요 작업에 대하여 올바른 작업 방법을 검토하여 작업절차서를 수립하여야 한다. 이에 본 연구에서는 수전해 설비 운영에서의 주요 작업에 대해 작업안전분석(JSA: Job Safety Analysis)를 수행하여 안전한 작업 방법 및 필요한 조치사항을 도출하였다.

• 항공우주정책ㆍ법학회지
• /
• 제29권1호
• /
• pp.67-95
• /
• 2014

시카고협약 일부 체약국은 자국 항공사에게 AOC(Air Operator Certificate)를 승인하여 발행하는 것 이외에 외국 항공사에게도 FAOC(Foreign AOC)를 발행하고 있으며 다양한 항공안전평가도 실시하고 있다. 외국 항공사에게 FAOC 승인 발행 및 항공안전 평가 실시는 점차 확대되고 있는 추세로 전 세계적으로 항공안전증진 및 항공기 사고율 감소에 기여한 공로가 크다고 볼 수 있으나, 항공사 입장에서는 추가적인 허가제도 및 운항제한으로 인하여 항공기 운항 상 불편이 초래되고 있다. 유럽항공안전청(EASA)은 European public law 인 Basic Regulation에 의해 2003년에 설립되어 운영되고 있는 유럽의 단일 항공안전전문기관이다. EASA의 주요 임무는 민간항공분야의 안전기준 및 환경보호기준을 최상의 기준으로 증진하는 것이며, 감항, 승무원, 항공기 운항, 공항 및 ATM 등에 대한 입법업무 및 표준설정 업무를 관장하고 있으며 업무 범위가 점점 확대되고 있다. 유럽에서 TCO(Third country operator) Implementing Rule이 발효(2014.5.26.)됨에 따라, EASA는 32개 EASA 회원국으로 운항하고자 하는 모든 항공운송사업용 TCO에 대하여 안전에 대한 승인을 행할 권한을 가진다. 이에 따라, TCO에 대한 평가 및 승인을 할 때, 안전관련 부문에 대한 평가 및 승인은 EASA가 담당하고 운영허가(Operating permit) 부문은 종전과 같이 각 국가의 항공당국이 수행하게 된다. EU/EASA를 운항하는 TCO가 불편 없이 항공운송사업을 행할 수 있도록 신규제도 도입을 위한 전환기간으로 30개월이 적용 된다. 현재 EASA 회원국을 운항하는 항공사는 TCO 규정 발효 후 6개월 이내인 2014.11.26.까지 EASA에 TCO 허가 신청서를 제출해야 하며, EASA는 TCO 규정 발효 후 30개월 이내에 평가를 완료해야 한다. 유효한 TCO 허가는 운영허가 전에 취득해야 할 사전 요건으로, TCO 허가를 받지 못한 TCO는 EASA 회원국이 발행하는 운영허가를 발급받을 수 없다. TCO 허가 필요 여부는 항공운송사업에 해당하는지에 따라 결정되며 항공운송사업을 행할 경우 TCO 허가를 받아야 한다. 부정기편을 운항하는 항공사의 경우 일정기준을 충족한다면 TCO 허가 없이 운항이 가능하기는 하나 잠재적인 미래 수요가 예상되는 경우 원활한 서비스 제공을 위해 사전에 TCO 허가를 취득하는 것이 바람직하다고 본다. 본 논문에서는 EU의 TCO 규정 도입과 관련하여, EASA의 기능 및 TCO 규정을 포함한 EU의 항공법규체계에 대한 법적 근거와 내용을 고찰하고, 우리나라가 착안하고 개선해야 할 몇 가지 제언과 개선방안을 제시하였다. 본 논문이 1) 항공사가 TCO 허가를 준비하는데 도움이 되고, 2) 정부, 학계 및 항공사 등 유관부문에서 항공안전증진을 위한 국제 동향을 이해하는데 도움이 되고, 3) 국내 항공법규 개선 및 정부조직의 기능을 개선하는데 도움을 주고, 4)아울러, 국제표준 준수 및 항공안전증진에 기여하길 기대한다.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
• /
• 제40권1호
• /
• pp.19-27
• /
• 2015

Purpose: A system to measure the visibility of agricultural tractor operators was designed and evaluated according to ISO standards, and a blind area diagram around the tested tractor was created based on the manual method recommended by the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH). Methods: A visibility measurement system was designed and evaluated based on the ISO 5006 and ISO 5721-1 standards. Two bulbs used to simulate the operator's eyes were mounted on a bar with a supporting frame. A wooden frame was used to determine the seat index point position. The 12-m visibility test circle was divided into six sectors of vision, and the test tractor was placed at the center of the circle. Artificial light was supplied in the darkened environment, and shadow or masking effects were measured manually around the 12-m circle. Results: When the bulbs were placed at the operator's eye level, front visibility was good; no masking was found in the "A" vision sector, but larger masking widths were found in the "B" and "C" vision sectors. Since the masking width exceeded 700 mm, additional tests, such as movement of the light sources to both sides of the operator's eye level, were performed. Less than six masking effects were found in the semi-circle of vision to the front, and more than one masking was found in the "B" and "C" visual fields. The minimum distance between the centers of two masking effects exceeded 2500 mm when measured as a chord on the semi-circle of vision. A blind area diagram was created to define the exact nature of the blind spots and mirror visibility. Conclusions: Visibility evaluation is an effective way to enable proper and safe operation for agricultural tractor operators. Inclusion of this visibility evaluation test in the general testing process might aid tractor manufacturers.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
• /
• 제39권2호
• /
• pp.123-128
• /
• 2007

In order to apply a static fault-tree (FT) method to a system or a plant whose configuration changes dynamically, condition gates and a post processing method are used to effectively accommodate these changes. An operator's performance change, which can be caused by these configuration changes, should also be considered to assess the risk to a plant in a more realistic manner. This study aims to develop an integrated framework to accommodate various configuration changes and their effect on an operator’s performance by using the FT model. We applied a condition-based human reliability assessment (CBHRA) method to consider various conditions endured by an operator. That is, we integrated the CBHRA method with the conventional post processing method for modeling the system configuration changes. The effect of the condition monitoring systems installed in a plant is also considered. In this study, we show an example application of the integrated framework to a probabilistic safety assessment for the shutdown phase of a nuclear power plant.

• 대한산업공학회지
• /
• 제28권2호
• /
• pp.178-186
• /
• 2002

The objective of this study is to evaluate impact of computer-based man-machine interfaces of Korea Next Generation Reactor (KNGR) on the operator mental workload. Empirical experiments were conducted to measure the operator mental workloads of KNGR and Yong-Gwang Unit 3 and 4, respectively. A comparison analysis based on a NASA TLX revealed that Yong-Gwang Unit 3 and 4 were superior to KNGR in terms of the mental workload. Post-hoc analyses showed that the mental workload of senior reactor operators was significantly higher than those of reactor and turbine operators, regardless of plant types. The implications of the findings were discussed in detail.