• Journal of KIISE:Software and Applications
• /
• v.33 no.7
• /
• pp.605-614
• /
• 2006

The success of a software development project can be determined by the use of QCD. And as a software's size and complexity increase, the importance of early quality assurance rises. Therefore, more effort should be given to prevention, as opposed to correction. In order to provide a framework for the prevention of defects, defect detection activities such as peer review and testing, along with analysis of previous defects, is required. This entails a systematization and use of quality data from previous development efforts. FMEA, which is utilized for system safety assurance, can be applied as a means of software defect prevention. SW-FMEA (Software Failure Mode Effect Analysis) attempts to prevent defects by predicting likely defects. Presently, it has been applied to requirement analysis and design. SW-FMEA utilizes measured data from development activities, and can be used for defect prevention on both the development and management sides, for example, in planning, analysis, design, peer reviews, testing, risk management, and so forth. This research discusses about related methodology and proposes defect prevention model based on SW-FMEA. Proposed model is extended SW-FMEA that focuses on system analysis and design. The model not only supports verification and validation effectively, but is useful for reducing defect detection.

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
• /
• v.60 no.3
• /
• pp.334-346
• /
• 2022

There is a lack of knowledge and information on the understanding and application of the Process Safety Management (PSM) system, recognized as a major cause of industrial accidents in small-and medium-sized workplaces. Hence, it is necessary to prepare a protocol to secure the practical and continuous levels of implementation for PSM and eliminate human errors through tracking management. However, insufficient research has been conducted on this. Therefore, this study investigated and analyzed the various violations in the administrative measures, based on the regulations announced by the Ministry of Employment and Labor, in approximately 200 small-and medium-sized PSM workplaces with fewer than 300 employees across in korea. This study intended to contribute to the prevention of major industrial accidents by developing a facility maintenance web program that removed human errors in small-and medium-sized workplaces. The major results are summarized as follows. First, It accessed the web via a QR code on a smart device to check the equipment's specification search function, cause of failure, and photos for the convenience of accessing the program, which made it possible to make requests for the it inspection and maintenance in real time. Second, it linked the identification of the targets to be changed, risk assessment, worker training, and pre-operation inspection with the program, which allowed the administrator to track all the procedures from start to finish. Third, it made it possible to predict the life of the equipment and verify its reliability based on the data accumulated through the registration of the pictures for improvements, repairs, time required, cost, etc. after the work was completed. It is suggested that these research results will be helpful in the practical and systematic operation of small-and medium-sized PSM workplaces. In addition, it can be utilized in a useful manner for the development and dissemination of a facility maintenance web program when establishing future smart factories in small-and medium-sized PSM workplaces under the direction of the government.

• The Korean Journal of Nuclear Medicine Technology
• /
• v.15 no.1
• /
• pp.75-80
• /
• 2011

Purpose: Europe and U.S use multi-bed therapy rooms. Hereupon, this study aims to examine the safety when current one-bed therapy rooms in Seoul National University Hospital is changed into two-bed ones. Materials and Methods: This study evaluated external exposure by gamma radiation emitted from other patients and internal and external exposure caused by pollutions from other patients in case that Seoul National University Hospital installs a shielding wall between beds in existing therapy rooms. Results: When internal and external exposure was evaluated to evaluate safety of two-bed hospital rooms, 'isolation amount of patients' 5mSv exposure or below is received according to the Atomic Energy Act. Conclusion: With the increasing number of patients with thyoid cancer, patients using therapy rooms are on the rise. Therefore, improving one-person therapy rooms to two-person ones in line with international trend would increase cost reduction and management efficiency, and patients' alienation and isolation can be reduced to increase healing effects.

• Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
• /
• v.9 no.2
• /
• pp.182-189
• /
• 2008

In private and public construction works, cost estimation and site productivity management are based on designed labor quantities calculated by the Standard Quantities per Unit (SQU). The designed labor quantities are regarded as the basis for insurance costs and safety and environmental costs and also affect the progress measurement of construction works. Even though the designed labor quantities from the SQU has been considered to be different from actual labor quantities put to construction works, there is no research that empirically analyzes the statistical differences. This study analyzes actual labor quantities of form workers, steel-bar fabricators, concrete pourers in reinforced concrete works of the 43 apartment projects, and compares the actual labor quantities to labor quantities from the SQU. It goes further to scrutinize the critical reasons underlying the differences through a survey on 65 practitioners and interviews with 32 site managers and supervisors. The regression models of labor quantities of the apartment concrete work produced by the present study will contribute to reasonable construction contracts based on the past actual costs and practical site management by the actual labor quantities.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Surveying, Geodesy, Photogrammetry and Cartography
• /
• v.32 no.5
• /
• pp.495-503
• /
• 2014

As the number of vehicles has been sharply increases, the significance of safety and effective operation issues in the parking lot is being emphasized, which takes a part of the transportation system. Recently, there have been several studies for the parking management by detecting moving object, however, recognizing numbers of fast-moving vehicles simultaneously in the picture is still a challenging problem. The parking lot in public area, or large-sized buildings has clear parking section, whereas the sensor system is configured to monitor a plurality of parking spaces. Therefore, by considering those parking lots, we suggested to develop the real-time parking availability information system by applying the real-time image processing techniques. with the help of template matching. Following the study, we wanted to provide the alternative method for parking management system through the reference template makers by recognizing movements of parked vehicles with the size and shape, regardless of direct detecting of driving movements. In addition, we evaluated the applicability and performances of the information system, presented in this study, and implemented a prototype system to simulate the parking statuses of each floor. In fat, it was possible to manage and analyze statistics about the total number of parking spaces and the number of vehicles parked through real-time video flames. We expected that the result of the study will be advanced, following the user-friendliness and cost reduction in operating parking management system and giving information by efficient analysis of parking situation.

• International Journal of Highway Engineering
• /
• v.12 no.3
• /
• pp.17-26
• /
• 2010

Maintenance of the roads and bridges is a major issue for all road administrators around the world, and various initiatives are being implemented in each region for the purpose of controlling the ever increasing road maintenance cost while ensuring the safety of the vehicles driving. Efforts for such initiatives have also been made in Asia and initiatives for managing heavy-weight vehicles have recently gained momentum in Korea and Japan. We have developed a technology for unevenly installing bar-shaped sensors (piezo quartz sensors) to enable dynamic axle load measurement at a highly accurate level, and have estimated our measurement accuracy of axle load/gross weight, etc. on an actual road. The measurement accuracy of the axle load/gross weight varies significantly depending on the number of sensors installed. In our implementation, the target accuracy was set to below ${\pm}5%$ for gross weight measurement so that automatic regulation can be applied. We have achieved our target by installing 8-point measurement system. However, to have this technology widely accepted, it was necessary to reduce the system size so that it can be easily implemented. Therefore, we have estimated the relationship between the measurement accuracy and the system size (number of measurement points), and have come up with the proposal of 3-point measurement as an optimum number of measurement points, and have estimated its performance on an actual road. Additionally, we evaluated the relationship between the measurement accuracy and vehicle velocity.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute Of Construction Engineering and Management
• /
• autumn
• /
• pp.73-81
• /
• 2003

The construction industry has been experiencing a major challenge in its work force, 'the shortage of skilled craft workers.' This problem has been caused by several factors such as the poor image of the construction industry, lack of training and education, unclear career path, declining wages, and changing work force demographics. A 'step-change' approach called the 'Two-Tier Work Force Strategy' has been proposed by the Center for Construction Industry Studies (CCIS) to deal with the work force related issues in a radical way. It is composed of two separate strategies, Tier I and II. The Tier I strategy uses less skilled and task trained craft workers, and has a larger administrative site management team than the Tier II strategy. The Tier II strategy utilizes fewer, better-educated, and higher skilled workers who perform some lower-management functions in addition to craft functions. They are paid more, but produce more through higher skills, stay on the job longer through multi-skilling, and deliver improved project performance in safety, quality, schedule, and cost The Two-Tier Work Force Strategy has the potential to resolve the current work force problems and foster a better work force environment in the future.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
• /
• v.46 no.6
• /
• pp.562-569
• /
• 2022

The alarm monitoring technology applied to existing operating ships manages data items such as temperature and pressure with AMS (Alarm Monitoring System) and provides an alarm to the crew should these sensing data exceed the normal level range. In addition, the maintenance of existing ships follows the Planned Maintenance System (PMS). whereby the sensing data measured from the equipment is monitored and if it surpasses the set range, maintenance is performed through an alarm, or the corresponding part is replaced in advance after being used for a certain period of time regardless of whether the target device has a malfunction or not. To secure the reliability and operational safety of ship engine operation, it is necessary to enable advanced diagnosis and prediction based on real-time condition monitoring data. To do so, comprehensive measurement of actual ship data, creation of a database, and implementation of a condition diagnosis monitoring system for condition-based predictive maintenance of auxiliary equipment and piping must take place. Furthermore, the system should enable management of auxiliary equipment and piping status information based on a responsive web, and be optimized for screen and resolution so that it can be accessed and used by various mobile devices such as smartphones as well as for viewing on a PC on board. This update cost is low, and the management method is easy. In this paper, we propose CBM (Condition Based Management) technology, for autonomous ships. This core technology is used to identify abnormal phenomena through state diagnosis and monitoring of pumps and purifiers among ship auxiliary equipment, and seawater and steam pipes among pipes. It is intended to provide performance diagnosis and failure prediction of ship auxiliary equipment and piping for convergence analysis, and to support preventive maintenance decision-making.

• Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
• /
• v.24 no.6
• /
• pp.24-35
• /
• 2023

Recently, the Ministry of Land, Infrastructure and Transport presented the '6th Construction Technology Promotion Basic Plan' and 'Smart Construction Revitalization Plan (2022.7.20)'. Off-Site Construction (OSC), which involves construction and production of PC (Precast Concrete) and Modular, etc., has advantages in shortening the construction period, reducing costs, improving quality, reducing construction waste, and reducing safety accidents. However, the construction cost is high compared to the traditional RC construction method, which has hindered its utilization and spread. In this study, OSC utilization was improved. An economic analysis indicator and methodology that can support decision-making in the planning and design stages for multi-unit housing were proposed. The factors used in the economic analysis of OSC (based on the PC method) of apartment houses were reviewed. As for the indicators used in the cost and benefit section, 'Construction Period', 'Disaster Occurrence', 'Waste Generation', and 'Greenhouse gas Emission', which reflect the technical advantages of OSC, were derived. In addition, a scenario analysis was conducted based on actual apartment housing case data for the presented economic analysis indicators and benefit calculation standards. The level of benefit that offsets the difference between the existing RC construction method and the construction cost was reviewed. In future studies, it will be necessary to conduct additional case studies to apply the measurement criteria for detailed indicators and supplement the benefit indicators.

• Journal of Food Hygiene and Safety
• /
• v.28 no.1
• /
• pp.63-68
• /
• 2013

Ethyl carbamate (EC) is a contaminant generated in the fermentation processes of various fermented foods. In this study, residue levels of EC in 95 alcoholic beverage samples were determined by using Gas Chromatography/Tandem Mass Spectrometry (GC/MS/MS). All the samples were purified by a liquid-liquid extraction (LLE) method using dichloromethane. The LLE method enables an improvement in time and cost to detection and specificity over the conventional extraction methods. The limits of detection and quantification (LOD and LOQ) to analyze EC were 1.3 and 4.0 ng/mL, respectively. The recovery rates of EC were ranged from 90.0 to 97.5% at the levels of 50, 100, and 500 ug/L. Among traditional grain-based alcoholic beverage samples (n = 34), the average residue levels of EC in takju, yakju, and cheongju were 0.63, 7.01, and 14.11 ug/L, respectively. Among fruit-based alcoholic beverage samples (n = 48), those of EC in japanese apricot spirits, bokbunjaju, grape wines, and other fruit wines were 79.18, 1.66, 2.64, and 2.39 ug/L, respectively. Among distilled or diluted alcoholic beverage samples (n = 13), those of EC in soju (distilled or diluted), general distillates, liquors, and brandies were 0, 3.30, 8.20, and 8.52 ug/L, respectively. Therefore, this study reports that the residue levels of EC in the alcoholic beverages, distributed in the current domestic markets, did not reach its maximum allowed levels of 30 and 400 ug/L established for grape and fruit wines in Canada, respectively.