• 한국안전학회지
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• 제36권4호
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• pp.80-87
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• 2021

Risk assessment techniques are processes used to evaluate hazardous risk factors in construction sites, facilities, raw materials, machinery, and equipment, and to estimate the size of risk that could lead to injury or disease, and establish countermeasures. The most important thing in assessing risk is calculating the size of the risk. If the size of the risk cannot be calculated objectively and quantitatively, all members who participated in the evaluation would passively engage in establishing and implementing appropriate measures. Therefore, this study focused on predicting accidents that are expected to occur in the future based on past occupational accident statistics, and quantifying the size of the risk in an overview. The technique employed in this study differs from other risk assessment techniques in that the subjective elements of evaluators were excluded as much as possible by utilizing past occupational accident statistics. This study aims to calculate the size of the risk, regardless of evaluators, such as a manager, supervisor, safety manager, or employee. The size of the risk is the combination of the likelihood and severity of an accident. In this study, the likelihood of an accident was evaluated using the theory of Bud Accident Chainability, and the severity of an accident was calculated using the occupational accident statistics over the past five years according to the accident classification by the International Labor Organization.

• 한방재활의학과학회지
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.187-199
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• 2009

Objectives : The electroacupuncture was generally has been used in oriental medicine doctors. In recent years, there have been a few studies about safety and stability of acupuncture needle in itself, but then again research of acupuncture needle safety and stability on applying electroacupuncture have been insignificant. Therefore we investigated the safety and change in mechanical characteristic of acupuncture needle in electroacupuncture therapy. Methods : We observed mechanical characteristic change by SEM(Scanning Electron Microscope) and EDX(Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy), evaluated the hardness by vickers hardness tester. We used MTT assay and cell stain to study about biocompatibility of electroacupuncture. Results : In this study, any corrosion of material, alternation of elements, and change of hardness were not observed in surface analysis using SEM and EDX. In cytotoxity evaluation using MTT assay and cell stain, cell survival rate was low when practicing the electroacupuncture for more than 3 hours. Conclusions : Change of mechanical property was not observed based on the test results using surface analysis and hardness estimation by the electroacupuncture. And considering the biocompatibility, electroacupuncture was thought to be safe in an hour based on cytotoxity evaluation using MTT assay and cell stain.

• 한국안전학회지
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.1-11
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• 2008

In this study, small punch test and tensile test were performed with specimens directly machined from an ASTM A53 grade B carbon steel pipe at which an explosion accident was occurred in the Heavy Oil Unit. Main damage mechanism of the pipe was known as a high temperature hydrogen attack(HTHA). Effects of HTHA on the mechanical strength change of the A53B steel were studied in detail. Small punch test results have showed that maximum reaction forces, SP energy and ductility were decreased at hydrogen attacked part of the pipe compared with sound part of the pipe. Yield strength and tensile ultimate strength were calculated with the obtained small punch test curve results using different methods and compared the estimation methods. Small punch test simulation has been also performed with the finite element method and then mechanical strength, equivalent strain and fracture toughness were calculated with the obtained numerical analysis results. It was shown that the fracture toughness data calculated from small punch equivalent energy obtained by the finite element analysis for SP test was very low at the hydrogen attacked part.

• 전기학회논문지
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• 제66권8호
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• pp.1278-1284
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• 2017

As of December 2016, there are 608,828 elevators in operation in Korea and 179,790 elevators in more than 15 years. 30.4% of all elevator are aging. Improved maintenance of the elevator and proactive replacement of the parts of the elevator can extend the lifetime of the elevator and ensure safety. An unclean environment reduces the lifetime of elevator parts. If you do not clean the environment and prevent preventive parts replacement, eventually shortening the lifetime of the parts connected to the failed part or causing more damage will result in greater economic loss. Also, the risk of elevator safety accidents due to failures of elevator parts will be increased accordingly. The study of optimum replacement time of elevator parts will contribute to prevention of safety accident of elevator and prolongation of lifetime of elevator through preventive replacement of elevator parts.

• 전기전자학회논문지
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.115-122
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• 2017

In vehicular safety service, every vehicle broadcasts Basic Safety Message (BSM) periodically to inform neighbor vehicles of host vehicle information. However, this can cause network congestion in a region that is crowded with vehicles resulting in a reduction in the message delivery ratio and an increase in the end-to-end delay. Therefore, it could destabilize the vehicular safety service system. In this paper, in order to improve the congestion control and to consider the hidden node problem, we propose a congestion control scheme using entire network congestion level estimation combined with transmission power control, data rate control and time slot based transmission control algorithm. The performance of this scheme is evaluated using a Qualnet network simulator. The simulation result shows that our scheme mitigates network congestion in heavy traffic cases and enhances network capacity in light traffic cases, so that packet error rate is perfectly within 10% and entire network load level is maintained within 60~70%. Thus, it can be concluded that the proposed congestion control scheme has quite good performance.

• 대한조선학회논문집
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• 제30권4호
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• pp.83-92
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• 1993

본고에서는 type B 독립구형 MRV 방식 LNG탱크의 극저온에 대한 구조안전성 평가기법을 연구 하였다. 여기에는 다음과 같은 3가지의 검토과정이 포함된다. 1) 탱크판을 관통하는 균열의 진전과정에서 누설되는 LNG의 양을 추정하고, 이에 따른 선체구조의 안전성을 보장하기 위하여 2차방벽의 설치범위를 결정한다. 2) 구형 LNG탱크시스템에 대한 정상상태 열전달해석 모형을 이용하여 화물창 및 스커트에 대한 온도분포해석을 수행하였다. 3) (2)항의 해석결과 가장 급격한 온도변화를 보이는 탱크와 스커트시스템의 연결부에 대한 열응력의 분포를 해석하였다.

• 대한토목학회논문집
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• 제8권3호
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• pp.85-90
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• 1988

균질토 사면에서 파괴에 대한 확률론적모델이 제시되었다. 사면의 안전은 관례적인 안전을 보다는 파괴확률로써 측정된다. 사면파괴의 Safety Margin은 정규분포라 가정하였다. 어떤 균질한 흙층에 있어서 흙의 특성에 영향을 주는 불확실성의 원인은 본래의 공간적인 가변성, 불충분한 시료에서 오는 판단오차 그리고 실험오차등이 었다. 파괴면을 따라 존재하는 전단강도의 불확실성은 1차원 Random Field Madels로 표현되었다. 파괴aus의 양상은 대수나선 곡선을 따른다고 가정하였다. 파괴면과 그것을 따라 작용하는 힘의 통계적 특성을 유도하여 사면의 파괴확률을 계산하였다. 마지막으로 개발된 절차가 사면의 신뢰성 해석에 대한 하나의 예제 연구에 적용되었다.

• 한국전기전자재료학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국전기전자재료학회 2003년도 하계학술대회 논문집 Vol.4 No.1
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• pp.92-95
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• 2003

본 논문에서는 철도차량 견인전동기에 대한 상태진단 및 상시감시 기술에 관하여 소개하였다. 권선의 절연상태 진단을 위한 비파괴 시험법에서는 부분방전량 Q에 대한 평균열화도 $\Delta$로 표현되는 D-Map에 의해 잔여 절연내력(residual dielectric strength)을 예측하고, 기기의 운전이력측면에서 기동-정지 횟수와 열적, 전기적 및 열싸이클 스트레스 등에 의해 각 열화 인자를 고려한 운전시간에 기반한 N-Y 수명예측을 수행한다. 그리고 견인전동기의 전류에 대한 온라인 상태감시를 통해 베어링 고장, 고정자 및 전기자 고장, 고장 또는 전동기축 손상에 기인하는 비정상 운전상태 의 감지를 수행한다.

• 한국지반공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지반공학회 2009년도 춘계 학술발표회
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• pp.888-895
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• 2009

Compaction is a process of increasing soil density using physical energy. It is intended to improve the strength and stiffness of soil. In embankment, degree of compaction affects the construction time, money, also method of soil improvement. In large scale embankment project, difficulties of embankment should change due to uncertainty of settlement. So it is very important to predict the final settlement and factor of safety induced by embankment. In many construction site, there are primarily design of high embankment using in-situ soil. Therefore numerical analyses are necessary for valid evaluation of the settlement prediction. But due to the construction cost and schedule, there were lacking in properties of soil and also limited number of in-situ test were performed. So we proposed the method that can easily estimate the proper soil parameters and suggest the proper method of numerical analysis. From this, two-dimensional finite-difference numerical analysis was conducted to investigate the settlement and factor of safety induced by embankment with various case of compaction rate and embankment height.

• Multiscale and Multiphysics Mechanics
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• 제1권2호
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• pp.143-156
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• 2016

Reinforced concrete (RC) structures require advanced analysis techniques for better estimation of their seismic responses, especially in the case of exhibiting complex three-dimensional coupling of torsional and flexural behaviors. This study focuses on validating a numerical approach for evaluating the seismic response of a three-dimensional unsymmetrical RC structure through the participation in the SMART 2013 international benchmark program. The benchmark program provides material properties, detailed drawings of the RC structure, and input ground motions for the seismic response evaluation. In this study, nonlinear constitutive models of concrete and rebar were formed and local tests were conducted to verify the constitutive models in finite element analysis. Elastic calibration of the finite element model of the SMART 2013 RC structure was performed by comparing numerical and experimental results in modal and linear time history analyses. Using the calibrated model, nonlinear earthquake analysis and seismic fragility analysis were performed to estimate the behavior and vulnerability of the RC structure with various ground motions.