• 항공우주정책ㆍ법학회지
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• 제33권1호
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• pp.81-120
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• 2018

항공안전 증진을 위하여 운영되고 있는 항공안전 보고제도의 경우에는 그 활성화와 관련 정보의 활용을 위해서는 비처벌 및 데이터 보호의 기준이 먼저 선행되어야 한다. 항공안전 보고제도를 통한 항공안전 데이터의 수집 및 분석의 목적은 이러한 항공안전에 관한 다양한 정보의 수집 및 분석을 통하여 사고의 원인 파악과 이를 바탕으로 한 사고 재발 방지에 있기 때문이다. 현행 "항공안전법" 하에서도 항공안전을 위한 의무보고제도와 자율보고제도가 운영되고 있으며, 그 제도의 수립 취지가 사고 원인 파악 및 재발방지에 있다고 한다. 하지만, 그 보고자에 대한 비처벌이 전제되지 않는 한 현실적으로 항공안전에 관하여 보고제도의 활성화를 기대하는 것은 어려운 것이 사실이다. 이에 항공안전에 관한 정보 수집의 목적과 보고제도의 취지를 검토하여 그에 부합될 수 있도록 제도가 개선되어야 할 것이다. 이러한 보고제도의 활성화를 위해 고려되어야 할 사항 중 하나가 현행 제도상 정하고 있는 항공안전장애의 범위라 할 수 있다. 항공안전 자율보고 제도의 경우 그 보고 대상을 항공안전장애 이외의 경미한 항공안전장애로 한정하고 있다는 점에서 이는 ICAO나 미국 및 영국 등 주요 선진 국가의 제도와 차이를 나타내고 있다. 이에 항공안전장애의 범위를 국제기준과 같이 보다 넓게 인정하되, 항공안전장애의 경우 그 심각성으로 반드시 의무보고를 해야 하는 경우를 정하여 보고제도의 실효성을 담보할 수 있는 개선이 마련되어야 할 것이다. 보고제도의 목적이 사고의 원인 파악 및 재발방지에 있기 때문에 다양한 항공 안전에 관한 데이터 수집 및 분석을 바탕으로 한 안전 조치 및 정보의 공유는 항공안전 증진에 크게 기여하게 될 것이라고 본다. 이 때 가장 중요한 것은 엄격한 데이터 보호와 비처벌 원칙이며, 이에 대한 준수가 확보되어야 한다. 자율보고의 활성화는 안전문화 증진에 기본적인 요소 중 하나로 보고자에 대한 면책과 관련 정보의 보호가 담보되지 않는다면 동 제도의 성공적인 운영은 기대하기 어려우며, 오히려 관련 사실이나 데이터를 은폐하여 처벌을 회피하게 하는 기준으로 작용할 수 있기 때문이다. 안전 증진을 위한 규제는 그 엄격성과 완벽성에도 불구하고, 한계나 사각지대가 발생할 수밖에 없는 것이 현실이다. 기술의 진보와 담당자의 실수 등은 사안마다 다른 형태로 나타나게 되며, 그 결과의 피해나 손해는 실로 심각한 지경에 이를 수 있다. 따라서 본 고에서는 항공안전관리 시스템 중 사전적 예방 수단으로 논의되고 있는 의무보고제도 및 자율보고제도의 활성화 방안과 안전 데이터의 체계적 관리를 위한 개선안에 관하여 다루기로 한다. 사전적 예방제도 구축을 위한 보고제도 개선과 항공안전 데이터 수집을 위한 비처벌에 관한 제도 등의 도입은 우리 항공산업의 안전 증진을 위한 근간으로 작용할 수 있으리라고 본다.

• 간호행정학회지
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.315-327
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• 2013

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the patient safety culture in Korean nursing homes using the Nursing Home Survey Patient Safety Culture (NHS-PC), a valid tool, provided by the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ) and to compare the results with AHRQ data. Methods: Administrators and staff (N=151) of six nursing homes in Seoul, Busan, Kyeonggi Province and Gyeongsangnam Province completed the survey in July, 2010. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, positive response rate, t-test, ANOVA, DUNCAN, Cronbach's ${\alpha}$. Results: The total mean (SD) positive response rate for patient safety culture was not significantly different from the AHRQ data. For composite levels, the results of 'handoffs' were significantly higher, and the results of 'feedback and communication about incidents' and 'nonpunitive responses to mistakes' were significantly lower than the AHRQ data. Conclusion: More effective strategies related to nonpunitive responses to mistakes and management activities for patient safety are needed to improve patient safety culture in nursing homes.

• 한국재난정보학회 논문집
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.462-469
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• 2024

연구목적: 본 연구는 이주배경청소년을 대상으로 한 재난 안전교육에 대한 자료를 분석하고 그에 따른 사회적 인식을 확인하고자 하였다. 연구방법: Textom과 Ucinet을 이용하여 이주배경청소년 재난 안전 교육에 대한 자료를 수집 및 분석하였다. 연구에서 사용한 자료는 2016년부터 2023년까지 포털 웹사이트에서 '이주배경청소년+재난+안전교육'을 키워드로 검색하였다. 연구결과: 분석결과 교육(306)'이 가장 높은 빈도를, 그 뒤로 '안전(287)', '학교(97)', '사회(85)', '지원(77)'이 높은 빈도인 것으로 나타났으며, 연결중심성 및 근접중심성, 매개중심성이 가장 높은 키워드는 '교육', '안전', '사회'이며 '가정'은 빈도분석, 연결중심성이나 근접중심성 순위보다 더 높은 순위로 나타나 이주배경청소년 재난안전교육의 네트워크 연결망에서 '가정'이 중재자 역할로 많은 영향을 미치고 있음을 알 수 있다. 결론:이주배경 청소년의 재난안전교육의 사회적 인식을 살펴봄으로써 이주배경청소년의 재난취약계층 특성을 고려한 재난 안전 교육 정책 및 전략에 활용될 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.

• 한국재난정보학회 논문집
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.105-116
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• 2023

연구목적: 본 연구에서는 최근 항공산업현황과 항공안전관리시스템 운영체계 현황을 살펴보고 현재 운영중인 항공안전관리시스템의 미비점을 파악하여 항공안전관리의 선제적 예방 및 개선방안을 제시하는 것을 목적으로 한다. 연구방법: 최근 발생한 사건사고조사와 국내법 현황, 해외 운영기관 및 안전관리 체계 분석을 통해 항공안전관리의 개선방안을 제시하였다. 연구결과: 최근 발생한 항공기안전 관련 사건과 현재 운영하고 있는 항공안전관리점의 미비점과 국외 항공선진국의 대응 사례를 통하여 관리체계와 법제도 측면의 개선점 및 예방적 항공안전을 위한 관리방안을 도출하였다. 결론: 항공안전관리 개선방안을 데이터를 활용한 기법을 기반으로 제시하였으며, 추가 관련 연구를 통해 구체화해 나가야 할 것이다.

• 한국BIM학회 논문집
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.29-38
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• 2016

Road bridges are deteriorating gradually, and it is forecasted that the number of road bridges aging over 30 years will increase by more than 3 times of the current number. To maintain road bridges in a safe condition, current safety conditions of the bridges must be estimated for repair or reinforcement. However, budget and professional manpower required to perform in-depth inspections of road bridges are limited. This study proposes an estimation model for safety rating of road bridges by analyzing the data from Facility Management System (FMS) and Yearbook of Road Bridges and Tunnel. These data include basic specifications, year of completion, traffic, safety rating, and others. The distribution of safety rating was imbalanced, indicating 91% of road bridges have safety ratings of A or B. To improve classification performance, five safety ratings were integrated into two classes of G (good, A and B) and P (poor ratings under C). This rearrangement was set because facilities with ratings under C are required to be repaired or reinforced to recover their original functionality. 70% of the original data were used as training data, while the other 30% were used for validation. Data of class P in the training data were oversampled by 3 times, and Repeated Incremental Pruning to Produce Error Reduction (RIPPER) algorithm was used to develop the estimation model. The results of estimation model showed overall accuracy of 84.8%, true positive rate of 67.3%, and 29 classification rule. Year of completion was identified as the most critical factor on affecting lower safety ratings of bridges.

• Safety and Health at Work
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.114-121
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• 2019

Background: The photolithography process in the semiconductor industry uses various chemicals with little information on their constitution. This study aimed to identify the chemical constituents of photoresist (PR) products and their by-products and to compare these constituents with material safety data sheets (MSDSs) and analytical results. Methods: A total of 51 PRs with 48 MSDSs were collected. Analysis consisted of two parts: First, the constituents of the chemical products were identified and analyzed using MSDS data; second, for verification of the by-products of PR, volatile organic compounds were analyzed. The chemical constituents were categorized according to hazards. Results: Forty-five of 48 products contained trade secrets in amounts ranging from 1 to 65%. A total of 238 ingredients with multiple counting (35 ingredients without multiple counting) were identified in the MSDS data, and 48.7% of ingredients were labeled as trade secrets under the Korea Occupational Safety and Health Act. The concordance rate between the MSDS data and the analytical result was 41.7%. The by-product analysis identified 129 chemicals classified according to Chemical Abstracts Service No., with 17 chemicals that are carcinogenic, mutagenic, and reprotoxic substances. Formaldehyde was found to be released from 12 of 21 products that use novolak resin. Conclusion: We confirmed that several PRs contain carcinogens, and some were not specified in the toxicological information in the MSDS. Hazardous chemicals, including benzene and formaldehyde, are released from PRs products as by-products. Therefore, it is necessary to establish a systematic management system for chemical compounds and the working environment.

• 한국항공운항학회지
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• 제30권4호
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• pp.145-158
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• 2022

To manage State Safety Program (SSP) in a more integrative and proactive manner, an aviation safety authority of the state shall detect and assess the risk of emerging or hidden safety hazards before they provoke accidents or incidents(ICAO, 2018). In case of South Korea, safety risk assessment is conducted by calculating the likelihood and severity of the hazard following ICAO's safety management manual. It is reasonable to extract the safety risk likelihood by calculating the number of occurrence caused by the hazard. However, it is ambiguous to assess the safety risk severity defined as the extent of harm that might be expected to occur as a consequence of the identified hazard. In this paper, a safety risk assessment method which quantitatively calculates the risk of hazard using aviation safety data(i.e. aviation safety mandatory report, etc.) is proposed. By utilizing the proposed method, the existing process that safety risk is being subjectively assessed by safety inspectors can be supplemented. So that essential aviation safety policy decision making can be accomplished by the accurate result of safety risk assessment.

• 한국안전학회지
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• 제33권5호
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• pp.141-149
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• 2018

In a PCB factory, there is a corrosive chemical substance supply system that can causes major leakage accidents. These accidents can give rise to shut down the factory and do residents damage that cause enormous loss of properties. To mitigate these risks, it is necessary to provide a chemical disaster prevention system. Moreover, after considering the situation and environment of the production site, it is of great importance to build an optimal chemical accident prevention system by reflecting risk reduction measures from the point of process design and by assessing quantitative risk based on reliability data. However, because there was no established database of the reliability about facilities and equipment that can be used in the domestic, the business site and consulting organization had being used the reliability data such as USA CCPS(Center for Chemical Process Safety). In these days, Korean institutes are studying on reliability data utilization method of quantitative risk assessment for preventing chemical accidents and domestic utilization algorithms and storage bed of reliability data. This study presents samples of reliability database about the chemical substance supply system that constructed from the history data such as failure, maintenance for 10 years at a PCB factory. Also, this work proposes the safety design criteria for supply facilities of corrosive chemical substance by assessing quantitative risk on the basis of the reliability data.

• International Journal of Safety
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.22-28
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• 2010

This paper describes a web-based design review system as a knowledge management system relating reliability and safety system design. Since people's consciousness for safety and security become sensitive and increases the need of establishing a proactive prevention method for internal failures and relating risks in products. It also means that prevailing tacit knowledge in retired workers, in order to transform them to be easily used to support new system development, become more important. When considering safety and reliability design, at least two data sheet are necessary; Failure Modes and Effects Analyses (FMEA) and Risk Assessment (RA). These two data are practically made separately. However, it includes the concerns that a risk by failures during long-term use may not be noticed. To overcome this insufficiency, a support tool for integrating reliability evaluation and risk assessment data simultaneously is expected to be revealed. The authors have then developed a web-based design review system for reliability and safety system design. The system include various profitable functions; making FMEA and RA sheet, retrieving past data sheet for engineering change management and new product development and web-based discussion to increase the efficiency of discussion. The system is applied to one practical development works in order to demonstrate its effectiveness that is to be made clear by interviewing user's qualitative comment.

• 한국농촌간호학회지
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.5-18
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• 2014

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate perception of patient safety culture among hospital nurses. Methods: There were four steps in this study; education about patient safety culture, pre-test, nursing activities for patient safety, post-test. A questionnaire was distributed twice to all nurses in one hospital. Pretest data were collected from April 1 to April 20 and posttest from November 15 to November 25, 2013. For the pretest data, 302 data sets were analyzed and for the posttest, 266. SPSS 12.0 was used for descriptive analysis. Results: Overall perception of nurses on patient safety culture was "moderate"(3.27). For general characteristics, there was a significant difference in patient safety culture according to work unit and length of employment. Attitude to leaders was significantly different according to nurses' age, position and work unit. Organizational culture was significantly different according to nurses' age and work unit. System of patient safety was significantly different according to work environment. In the posttest, the mean score improved. Conclusion: Results indicate that patient safety cultural perception is related to safety during nursing activities and systematic strategies to increase perception should be expanded through research and the development of new educational programs on patient safety culture.