• ALGAE
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• 제31권1호
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• pp.73-84
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• 2016

Marine organisms are frequently used to be harmful and have lower side effects than synthetic drugs. The cognitive improving efficacy of gamma aminobutyric acid-enriched fermented Saccharina japonica (FSJ) on the memory deficient rats, which were induced by trimethyltin chloride (TMT), was investigated by assessing the Morris water maze test and by performing choline acetyltransferase (ChAT), cAMP response element binding protein (CREB), and brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) immunohistochemistry. The neurite outgrowth of Neuro2a cells was assessed in order to examine the underlying mechanisms of the memory enhancing effects of FSJ. Treatment with FSJ tended to shorten the latency to find the platform in the acquisition test of the Morris water maze at the second and fourth day compared to the control group. In the probe trial, the FSJ treated group increased time spent in the target quadrant, compared to that of the control group. Consistent with the behavioral data, these treatments recovered the loss of ChAT, CREB, and BDNF immunepositive neurons in the hippocampus produced by TMT. Treatment with FSJ markedly stimulated neurite outgrowth of the Neuro2a cells as compared to that of the controls. These findings demonstrate that FSJ may be useful for improving the cognitive function via regulation of neurotrophic marker enzyme activity.

• 한국해양생명과학회지
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• 제4권2호
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• pp.81-85
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• 2019

이 연구는 2016년 9월에 강원도 양양군 남애리, 경상북도 포항시 구룡포읍 석병2리에 설치한 인공어초를 대상으로 해조류 군집 변화를 관찰하기 위하여 연구를 수행하였다. 현장조사는 2017년 2월, 5월, 8월, 11월에 계절별 1회씩 SCUBA Diving으로 수행하였으며, 정량조사와 정성조사를 병행하였다. 본 연구에서 녹조류 11종, 갈조류 15종, 홍조류 68종을 포함하여 총 94종이 채집되었으며, 양양에서 66종(녹조류 8종, 갈조류 9종, 홍조류 49종), 포항에서 65종(녹조류 7종, 갈조류 9종, 홍조류 49종)이 채집 및 동정되었다. 중요도를 기반으로 판단한 우점종의 경우, 양양은 다시마(Saccharina japonica)가 우점종, 구멍갈파래(Ulva australis)가 준우점종이었으며 포항은 불레기말(Colpomenia sinuosa), 우뭇가사리(Gelidium elegans) 순으로 우점하였다. 두 해역 모두 어초 설치 초기에 각각 파래류, 불레기말이 착생한 후, 다시마, 감태, 우뭇가사리 등 다년생 해조가 생육하며 우점하여 기존의 천이 패턴과 유사하였다. 해조상 변화를 통해 군집관계를 명확히 하기 위해서는 추후 지속적인 모니터링을 통해 장기적인 변화를 관찰하여 해조군락이 안정되기까지의 천이 과정에 관한 모니터링이 필요한 것으로 판단된다.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제20권9호
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• pp.14-19
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• 2019

본 연구에서는 감태, 파래, 서실, 대황, 청각, 불등가사리, 세모가사리, 참도박, 미역, 다시마 등 해조류의 발효공정을 확립함으로써 해양 생물의 화장품 소재로의 사용 가능성에 대한 제안을 하고자 하였다. 해조류의 효과적인 발효를 위해 김치로부터 분리된 유산균인 락토바실러스 사케이(Lactobacillus sakei) 균주를 선정하였고, 첨가제로 전지 분유를 사용하였다. 해조류 분쇄물 2.0 % 와 전지분유 1.0 % 를 투입하고, 이후 $40^{\circ}C$ 까지 방랭하여 준비 한 후 락토바실러스 사케아이 유산균 1.0 % 를 접종 하였다. 발효물을 냉각하고 여과한 후 부틸렌글라이콜, 글리세린 등과 방부 역할을 할 수 있는 1, 2-헥산다이올 등을 첨가하여 혼합 후 제품을 완성하였다. 10 종의 해조류 중 감태, 청각, 미역, 다시마의 발효 효율이 좋음을 확인 할 수 있었다. 화장품에 적용 가능한 발효물의 함량을 결정 하였고, HET-CAM (The Hen's egg test-Chorioallantoic membrane) 법을 이용하여 원료의 안전성을 확인 하였다.

• Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.165-171
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• 2015

Abalone containing phlorotannins is produced by feeding the phlorotannin-rich brown seaweed Eisenia bicyclis after 4 days of starvation. Reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) was used to isolate and quantify phlorotannins, which were identified by mass spectrometry and [$^1H$]-nuclear magnetic resonance to be the P1 compound, 7-phloroeckol, and eckol. When E. bicyclis was used as feed, P1 compound accumulated to an average of 1.60 mg/g dry weight of abalone muscle tissue after 18 d, 7-phloroeckolol to 0.21 mg/g after 16 d, and eckol to 0.22 mg/g after 12 d. Saccharina japonica was used as a control feed, and the abalone showed little or no accumulation of phlorotannins in muscle tissue. Feed consumption and growth rate were very similar when either E. bicyclis or S. japonica was fed for 20 d. Half-maximal reductions in the levels of P1 compound, 7-phloroeckol, and eckol accumulation were attained in 1.5, 1.9, and 3.4 days, respectively, after the feed was switched from E. bicyclis to S. japonica. Value-added abalone containing bioactive phlorotannins can be produced by simply changing the feed to the phlorotannin-rich E. bicyclis 18 d prior to harvesting.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제24권10호
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• pp.1285-1307
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• 2015

We constructed marine forest to restore barren grounds which are expanding in the east coast of Korea using 2 methods of (1)seedlings transplantation method and (2)underwater floating ropes method. We transplanted 3 macroalgae species, Ecklonia cava, Undaria pinnatifida, and Saccharina. japonica to construct marine forest. Blade length of Undaria pinnatifida on underwater floating ropes was $56.70{\pm}8.69mm$ in April and grew $68.75{\pm}22.30mm$ in May and $70.75{\pm}14.36mm$ in July. Blade length of S. japonica was shown 97.95-143.00mm in April to June. Blade length of Ecklonia cava was $30.50{\pm}1.91mm$ in May, $41.55{\pm}1.84mm$ in August, $45.30{\pm}2.57mm$ in November, 2009 and $45.30{\pm}1.99mm$ in February, 2010. The survey on Dangsa area, Ulsan-city in January, 2009 found a total number of 15 algal species(1 brown algae, 14 red algae species) with the highest variety at 5m depth of A station and the lowest at 8m depth of A and B stations. The March survey showed a total of 24 species (1 green algae, 1 brown algae, 22 red algae species) with the highest variety of 11 at depths of 3m and 5m of B station and the lowest of 6 at 10m of B station. In May, total biomass was 3,755.4g (green algae 1.2g, brown algae 199.0g, red algae 3,555.2g). From January, 2009, we found that E. cava was dominant at the depths of 3m and 5m of A and B stations while Peyssonnelia capensis was dominant at the depth of 8m of A station. The 8m depth of B station was dominated by Acrosorium polyneurum. In May, Grateloupia lanceolata was dominant at 8m depth of A station while other depths were dominated by Phycodrys fimbriata. In June, the dominant species were G. lanceolata at the 3m depth, E. cava at the 5m and P. fimbriata at the depths of 8m and 10m of A station. Under B station, G. lanceolata was dominant at the depths of 3m and 5m while P. fimbriata was dominant at the depths of 8m and 10m.

• Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• 제26권5호
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• pp.355-365
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• 2023

The Pacific abalone, Haliotis discus hannai, is a highly valued and industrially important aquaculture species with growing demands of the expanding abalone aquaculture industry. To explore the feasibility of using the brown alga, Sargassum horneri, as a potential substitute for abalone feed, it is important to identify the feed preference and attractant effect of S. horneri on Pacific abalone. Our experiments indicated that the feeding-associated movement of abalone could be detected using a video tracking system under indirect illumination with dim red light. To further analyze the attraction potentials of various test materials, preference analysis was performed using Avicel-coated glass plates with ground powders of various seaweeds (e.g., S. horneri, Saccharina japonica, and Undaria pinnatifida) and commercial abalone feed, together with coffee waste. Heat map analysis indicated greater attraction by the kelp S. japonica than by S. horneri and commercial feed, which showed similar preference levels. Feeding preference based on the area of Avicel eaten by abalone showed a significant preference for U. pinnatifida over S. horneri (feeding area: 68.6 ± 20.1% vs. 37.5 ± 22.4%, p < 0.05). Additionally, the feeding area was significantly greater for plates with S. japonica than for plates with S. horneri (44.0 ± 16.6% vs. 22.6 ± 15.4%, p < 0.05). There was no significant difference in feeding area between commercial feed and S. horneri (31.7 ± 11.6% vs. 31.6 ± 20.2%, p > 0.05). The methanol extracts attracted abalone in the following order: U. pinnatifida > S. horneri > S. japonica > commercial feed > coffee waste. To determine the attractive effects of the components of methanol extracts, mixtures of methanol extracts of commercial feed with increasing amounts of S. horneri were examined. The results showed a significant increase in feeding preference upon addition of S. horneri up to 50% and 75%, suggesting its potential for use as an appetite-enhancing feed additive. This study identified conditions that can be successfully used to monitor the movement of Pacific abalone; the results of preference analysis confirmed that abalone exhibited similar attraction and feeding preference for S. horneri, compared with commercial feed.

• Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.157-162
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• 2012

To analyze nucleotide sequence encoding internal transcribed spacer (ITS) regions specific to the Laminariaceae family, genomic DNA was isolated from six brown algae species distributed along the east coast of Korea. These included three species from the Laminariaceae family (Agarum clathratum Dumortier, Costaria costata [C. Agardh] Saunders, and Saccharina japonica Areschoug) and two species from the Alariaceae family (Undaria pinnatifida [Harvey] Suringer and Ecklonia cava Kjellman), both in the order Laminariales, and one species from the family Sargassaceae in the order Fucales (Sargassum serratifolium). Based on a sequence analysis of ITS-1 and ITS-2 for A. clathratum, C. costata, and E. cava, oligonucleotides were designed from the regions that showed sequence conservation in Laminariaceae. Following polymerase chain reaction using three sets of primers, amplification of ITS-1 and ITS-2 was detected in reactions using genomic DNA isolated from the species belonging to Laminariaceae, but not from the species belonging to the other families. The results indicate that this method can be used for the detection and identification of Laminariaceae species.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제53권3호
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• pp.417-422
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• 2020

We developed a seasoning sauce using hot water extracts from anchovy Engraulis japonica fish sauce processing by-products. A temperature of 121℃ was maintained for 120 min and the resulting amino acid content, salinity, and pH were 183.6 mg/100 g, 6.86, and 17.4 g/100 g, respectively. Radish juice, sea tangle Saccharina japonica extract, and mushroom Lentinula edodes were added to improve the flavor. The glutamic acid content of the extract mixed with 10% sea tangle extract was 88.87 mg/100 g and the 5'-GMP (guanine 5'-monophosphate) content of the extract mixed with 10% mushroom extract was 9.67 mg/ g. This study was conducted to determine optimal processing conditions for seasoned products using response surface methodology (RSM). The optimal conditions for X₁ (sea tangle extract concentration) and X₂ (mushroom extract concentration) were 15.0% and 5.0%, respectively, and the predicted values of the multiple response optimal conditions were Y₁ (5'-GMP: 17.36 mg/100 g) and Y₂ (glutamic acid: 157.35 mg/100 g). Under the optimal conditions, the experimental values of Y₁ and Y₂ were 17.32 mg/g and 155.36 mg/100 g, respectively, which are similar to the predicted values. We confirmed the feasibility of developing a seasoning sauce using hot water extract from anchovy fish sauce processing by-products and additives.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제25권7호
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• pp.780-785
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• 2015

전복을 4일간 굶긴 후 phlorotannin-고함유 곰피를 제공하여 이의 섭취 및 phlorotannin 축적정도를 조사하였다. 전복의 성장속도는 곰피 혹은 일반 사료로 쓰이는 다시마를 20일간 투여한 경우 서로 비슷하였다. 주된 phlorotannin 성분인 7-phloroeckol 및 eckol은 역상 HPLC로서 측정하였다. 7-phloroeckolol은 섭취 6일만에 전복 건조육 1g당 0.58±0.13 mg 정도 축적되었다. Eckol은 6일만에 전복 건조육 1g당 0.25±0.05 mg 정도 축적되었으며 실험기간 내 그 정도를 유지하였다. 대조군로서의 다시마 투여 전복은 phlorotannin을 전혀 함유하지 않았다. Phlorotannin은 전복 조직내에서의 구성효소들에 의하여 분해되어 지는것으로 보인다. 그러므로 다양한 생리활성을 지닌 phlorotannin 물질들을 가진 고부가 가치의 전복 생산은 전복수확 6일전부터 간단히 사료만 phlorotannin-고함유 곰피로 바꾸어 공급함으로서 생산가능하다.

• 한국자원식물학회지
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• 제36권2호
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• pp.107-121
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• 2023

본 연구에서는 추출용매에 완도산 다시마와 쇠미역의 항산화, 항노화 활성을 살펴보고 페놀화합물 함량을 비교 분석하였다. 먼저 다시마와 쇠미역 추출물의 폴리페놀, 플라보노이드 함량은 각각 다시마 메탄올추출물(4.64 mgTAN/g), 쇠미역 메탄올추출물(4.19 mgQUE/g)이 다른 추출물에 비해 높은 함량을 보였다. 또한 다시마와 쇠미역의 DPPH 라디칼 소거능은 모두 열수 추출물에서 가장 낮은 활성을 보였으며 쇠미역 주정추출물에서 높은 DPPH 라디칼 소거능(IC₅₀ = 42.5 ㎍/µL)을 나타냈다. ABTS 라디칼 소거능과 FRAP 활성 측정 결과 다시마와 쇠미역 모두 열수보다 주정과 메탄올 추출물에서 높은 활성을 보였으며, 특히 쇠미역이 다시마보다 높은 ABTS 라디칼 소거능과 FRAP 활성을 나타냈다. 또한 다시마와 쇠미역 추출물의 SOD, CAT, APX 활성은 열수, 주정 추출물보다 메탄올 추출물에서, 그리고 쇠미역보다 다시마에서 높은 SOD, CAT, APX 활성이 확인되어 다시마 메탄올 추출물에서 뛰어난 항산화 효소 활성을 보였다. 그 다음으로 Collagenase, elastase 저해 활성은 쇠미역 메탄올 추출물과 다시마 주정추출물에서 각각 88.3, 19.0%의 우수한 collagenase 및 elastase 저해활성을 보였다. 미백 효과를 평가하기 위해 tyrosinase 저해 활성을 측정한 결과에서는 다시마와 쇠미역 모두 메탄올 추출물에서 각각 41.8, 30.3%로 나타나 다른 추출용매에 비해 높은 tyrosinase 저해활성이 측정되었으며, 주로 쇠미역보다 다시마에서 우수한 tyrosinase저해활성이 관찰되었다. 마지막으로 추출용매에 따른 다시마와 쇠미역 추출물의 페놀화합물 함량(4-hydroxybenzoic acid, naringenin, naringin, nicotinic acid) 분석 결과 4-hydroxybenzoic acid 함량은 다시마 메탄올 추출물(8.25 ㎍/g), naringenin과 naringin 함량은 각각 쇠미역 주정추출물(0.58 ㎍/g), 다시마 주정추출물(661.66 ㎍/g), 마지막으로 nicotinic acid 함량은 쇠미역 주정 추출물에서 18.06 ㎍/g으로 가장 높은 함량이 측정되었다. 본 실험 결과 다시마와 쇠미역은 메탄올과 주정 추출물에서 열수 추출물에 비해 높은 폴리페놀 함량, 항산화 및 항노화 활성과 naringenin, naringin, nicotinic acid 함량이 나타났으며, 다시마와 쇠미역에 포함된 다양한 폴리페놀과 플라보노이드 물질이 다시마와 쇠미역의 항산화활성에 관여한 것으로 확인되어 다시마와 쇠미역 주정 및 메탄올 추출물의 추출조건을 확립할 수 있었고, 이를 이용한 건강 기능성 식품 소재로 활용과 화장품 소재개발에 대한 가능성이 증가 될 수 있을 것으로 판단된다.