• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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• v.48 no.1
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• pp.32-37
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• 2020

We improved on a unified saccharification and fermentation (USF) system for the direct production of ethanol from agarose by increasing total agarase activity. The pGMFα-NGH plasmid harboring the NABH558 gene encoding neoagarobiose hydrolase and the AGAG1 and AGAH71 genes encoding β-agarase was constructed and used to transform Saccharomyces cerevisiae 2805. NABH558 gene transcription level was increased and total agarase activity was increased by 25 to 40% by placing the NABH558 gene expression cassette upstream of the other gene expression cassettes. In the 2805/pGMFα-NGH transformant, three secretory agarases were produced that efficiently degraded agarose to galactose, 3,6-anhydro-L-galactose (AHG), neoagarobiose, and neoagarohexaose. During the united cultivation process, a maximum of 2.36 g/l ethanol from 10 g/l agarose was produced over 120 h.

• 한국생물공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2005.10a
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• pp.260-265
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• 2005

In the previous research about ethanol production, we confirmed that SFW(saccharified foodwastes) medium(0.56g-ethanol/g-glucose) is mere efficient than YM medium(0.538g-ethanol/g-glucose). Ethanol production using SFW needs large enzyme cost due to the enzymatic hydrolysis of foodwastes, although the enzymes was obtained from our economical enzyme production methods, using the intact whole culture broth of Trichoderma harzianum FJ1. Therefore, in this research we used synchronous saccharification and fermentationmethod to produce ethanol using foodwastes. Ethanol production yield was 0.45g-ethanol/g-reducing sugar in synchronous saccharification and for-mentation by a fed-batch mode.

• Food Science and Preservation
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.94-98
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• 2000

To produce liquor and vinegar using potatoes needs to liquefy and sacchrify potatoes . So selecting the efficient fermenter for proceeding these process successfully is very important . This study was investigated several fermenter and crush types of potatoes for alcohol fermentation. Final sugar contents was high in pottoes saccharificatiion by nuruk or crude enzyme. But pure enzyme and blucoamylase ended liquefaction and saccharificatiion within short ime. So complex type fermenter mixed several fermenters was superior to single type fermenter. Complexfermenter III using crude enzyme and glucoamyulase saccharificed excellently potatoes with 150% of water contents by treatment of 3 hours. Through alcohol fermentation using pressure steamed potatoes (PSP), it could be obtained 6.4% , 150%, of alcohol content and yield. However to perform a series process efficiently , crush steamed pottoes (CSP) was suitable. When it was fermented after saccharification using crush steamed potatoes and complex fermenter III, it could be obtained 6.6% of alcohol and 6.7% of acidity.

• Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.139-145
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• 2015

This study evaluated the functional characteristics of saccharified buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum) following ${\alpha}$-amylase, ${\beta}$-amylase or glucoamylase treatment based on changes in soluble solid contents, rutin and quercetin contents, total polyphenols and DPPH radical scavenging activity. The results showed that the amylase treatments significantly influenced the saccharification time. Additionally, total polyphenol, rutin, and quercetin contents increased during the saccharification process; increase in phenolic compounds induced antioxidant activity. The present study demonstrated that buckwheat has a higher amount of functional compounds and higher antioxidant activity after saccharification. These results show that buckwheat saccharification can be used to increase antioxidant capacity and functional value for applications in functional food industries.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.463-471
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• 1984

For the eventual alcohol production from uncooked starch, an efficient saccharification process was examined by using the combined action of steeping, pectin depolymerase, ${\alpha}-amylase$ and glucoamylase. The total sugar content of rice, sweet potato and tapioka used were 4.53, 4.26, and 3.92 mmole/g sample. $70\;{\pm}\;10%$ of the total sugar was hydrolyzed when cooked starch was saccharified under the condition which is currently used in industry. The smaller starch particle was used, the more saccharification was obtained. Efficient saccharification was obtained by treatment with 5% $H_2SO_4$ (sample: working volume = 1:2) at $60^{\circ}C$ for 12 hr. Optimization was carried out for the saccharification of uncooked starch by the combined action of pectin depolymerase, ${\alpha}-amylase$, and glucoamylase. The conditions are: pectin depolymerase; pH 4.5, $45^{\circ}C$, 2 hr, ${\alpha}-amylase$; pH 6.0, $60^{\circ}C$, 1 hr, and glucoamylase; pH 3.5, $60^{\circ}C$, 1 hr. Simultaneous treatment of the combined action of macerating, liquifying and saccharifying enzymes yielded better result than stepwise treatment of 3 enzymes. Degrees of saccharification of uncooked tapioka, rice and sweet potato were 82, 90.5, and 84.5%, respectively on the basis of total sugar, under the optimized conditions.

• Applied Chemistry for Engineering
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.399-404
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• 2012

The objective of this study was to investigate the efficient pretreatment method for bioethanol production from rice hull. Ammonia and sodium hydroxide as an alkaline solution and dilute sulfuric acid as an acidic solution were used in a batch reactor under high-temperature and high-pressure conditions. The highest enzymatic saccharification efficiency of 82.8% and ash removal rate of 94.7% were obtained in the dilute sulfuric acid treated sample after the sodium hydroxide solution treatment. The enzymatic saccharification efficiencies and ash removals of pretreated rice hull samples have very similar variation tendency. This means that the maximum obstructive factor for the enzymatic saccharification of rice hull is the ash (silicate) content in biomass. The findings suggest that the combined sodium hydroxide-dilute sulfuric acid treatment system under high-temperature and high-pressure conditions is a promising pretreatment method to enhance the enzymatic saccharification of the silica-rich biomass.

• Food Engineering Progress
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.290-296
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• 2019

Rice in Korea is a highly valuable food resource that serves both as staple food and ingredient in various processed edibles. This study was conducted to explore pre-treatment methods for rice that result in good saccharification upon production of rice beer. When rice was subjected to fine grinding, steeping, roasting, gelatinizing, or puffing prior to saccharification with malt, wort containing puffed rice had the highest soluble solid content (°Bx). Upon production of wort without the addition of any enzymes for liquefaction or saccharification, the addition of 30% rice resulted in the highest soluble solid content (°Bx). Production of beer containing 10, 20, or 30% of either roasted or puffed rice showed that wort containing 30% puffed rice had the highest soluble solid content (15.4 °Bx) with good saccharification. The resulting beer likewise exhibited higher alcohol content (5.0-5.4%) than the beer that had roasted rice added, without the turbidity and with less bitterness. Therefore, rice puffing was considered a beneficial processing method to enhance rice saccharification and to facilitate both the production of fine quality beers and rice beer containing puffed rice.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.37 no.6
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• pp.487-491
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• 1994

Relative crystallinities, saccharification efficiency, and diazinon(pesticide) residues of rice and rice hull puffed by hot air puffer were investigated. Crystallinities of rice starch in the puffed rice were decreased as compared to those in cooked rice, and those of rice hull were slightly decreased as compared to those in raw hull. By puffing of glutinous rice, the saccharification efficiency treated with malt amylase was higher than in cooked rice, and hydrolysis ratio of rice hull by cellulase was also increased from 14% to 30% by puffing. The residual contents of diazinon of the puffed rice and rice hull were decreased to 42.7% and 47.6%, respectively. In addition, its decreasing rate in nonglutinous rice were higher than that of glutinous rice.

• Journal of Energy Engineering
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.1-5
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• 2015

This study is to investigate the effect of torrefaction on enzymatic hydrolysis of lignocellulosic biomass for bio-ethanol production. As a pretreatment, the torrefaction of lignocellulosic biomass was conducted in temperature of $250{\sim}350^{\circ}C$ in the absence of oxygen. Tween-80, nonionic surfactant, was tested to enhance saccharification efficiency by coping with hydrophobicity resulted from torrefaction. As a result, the glucose production from enzymatic hydrolysis of biomass pretreated by torrefaction was greater than that obtained from the non-pretreated biomass. Sugar conversion was higher when the biomass was saccharified with addition of tween-80. It was found that torrefaction can be applied as a preptreatment for lignocellulosic biomass and tween-80 is needed to enhance its enzyme saccharification.

• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.213-218
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• 1988

Studies were made to optimize the simultaneous saccharification and fermentation (SSF) of rice straw to produce butanol using Clostridium acetobutylicum KCTC 1037 and a cellulolytic enzyme preparation from Trichoderma viride. The fermentation was inhibited when the liquid enzyme preparation from Novo was used, whilst a successful fermentation was achieved in the SSF using the enzyme manufactured by Pacific Chemical Co. The minimum cellulase concentration for the successful fermentation of pure cellulose was found to be 4 IU/g of substrate used. Alkaline treatment was better method for the fermentation of rice straw by the system. SSF using 25％ alkaline treated rice straw produced 150 mM butanol, 90 mM acetone. On the other hand, fermentation of ball milled rice straw was mainly acidogenic producing 98 mM acetate and 64 mM butyrate with less than 20 mM butanol. These results show that rice straw contains (a) specific inhibitor(s) for solventogenesis which is destroyed or soluble in alkali.