• 한국도서관정보학회지
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• 제53권3호
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• pp.343-376
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• 2022

전문직의 계속교육은 지속적인 전문성 능력 향상을 위한 가장 기본적인 요건이다. 사서직의 전문성 제고 또한 국가적 차원의 체계적인 계속교육 전략 수립을 통해 가능할 것이다. 본 연구에서는 사서 계속교육의 중심이 되는 국가 기관의 내외부 환경분석을 통해 국내 사서 계속교육의 전략을 도출하고자 하였다. 이를 위해 체계적인 환경분석 방법론으로 PEST-3Cs-SWOT의 복합적 체계를 제시하고, 이를 적용해 보고자 하였다. PEST분석을 위해 도서관, 사서, 사서교육과 관련된 문헌을 광범위하게 검토하였고, 3Cs 분석을 위해 내부 직원의 심층 면접, 교육대상자의 수요조사에 관한 설문데이터 분석, 국내외 유사기관 사례조사 등을 실시하였다. 이를 기반으로 SWOT분석을 실시하였고, 최종적으로 강점-기회 전략과제 4가지, 약점-기회 전략과제 5가지, 강점-위협 전략과제 5가지, 약점-위협 전략과제 3가지를 도출하였다. 본 연구는 국내 사서 계속교육 기관의 전략과제를 제시함과 동시에, 발전계획 및 전략 수립과 유사한 업무에 적용할 만한 복합적인 분석 방법론을 제시·적용하였다는 것에도 의의가 있을 것이다.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• 제22권12호
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• pp.63-70
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• 2022

The essence of the definition of "tolerance" is analyzed. Motivational, knowledge and behavioral criteria for tolerance of future teachers are highlighted. Indicators of the motivational criterion are the formation of value orientations, motivational orientation, and the development of empathy. Originality and productivity of thoughts and judgments, tact of dialogue, pedagogical ethics and tact are confirmed as indicators of the knowledge criterion. The behavioral criterion includes social activity as a life position, emotional and volitional endurance, and self-control of one's own position. The formation of tolerance is influenced by a number of factors: the social environment, the information society, existing stereotypes and ideas in society, the system of education and relationships between people, and the system of values. The main factors that contribute to the education of tolerance in future teachers are highlighted. Analyzing the structure of tolerance, it is necessary to distinguish the following functions of tolerance: - motivational (determines the composition and strength of motivation for social activity and behavior, promotes the development of life experience, because it allows the individual to accept other points of view and vision of the solution; - informational (understanding the situation, the personality of another person); - regulatory (tolerance has a close connection with the strong - willed qualities of a person: endurance, selfcontrol, self-regulation, which were formed in the process of Education); - adaptive (allows the individual to develop in the process of joint activity a positive, emotional, stable attitude to the activity itself, which the individual carries out, to the object and subject of joint relations). The implementation of pedagogical functions in the information society: educational, organizational, predictive, informational, communicative, controlling, etc. provides grounds to consider pedagogical tolerance as an integrative personal quality of a representative of any profession in the field of "person-person". The positions that should become conditions for the formation of tolerance of the future teacher in the information society are listed.

• 한국운동역학회지
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• 제27권3호
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• pp.197-203
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• 2017

Objective: The purpose of this study was to determine how exercise intensity affects muscle activity and kinematic variables during squat. Method: Fifteen trainers with >5 years of experience were recruited. For the electromyography (EMG) measurements, four surface electrodes were attached to both sides of the lower extremity to monitor the rectus femoris (RF) and biceps femoris. Three digital camcorders were used to obtain three-dimensional kinematics of the body. Each subject performed a squat in different conditions (40% one-repetition maximum [40%1RM], 60%1RM, and 80%1RM). For each trial being analyzed, three critical instants and two phases were identified from the video recording. For each dependent variable, one-way analysis of variance with repeated measures was used to determine whether there were significant differences among the three different conditions (p<.05). When a significant difference was found, post hoc analyses were performed using the contrast procedure. Results: The results showed that the average integrated EMG values of the RF were significantly greater in 80%1RM than in 40%1RM during the extension phase. The temporal parameter was significantly longer in 80%1RM than in 40%1RM and 60%1RM during the extension phase. The joint angle of the knee was significantly greater in 80%1RM than in 40%1RM at flexion. The range of motion of the knee was significantly less in 80%1RM than in 40%1RM and 60%1RM during the flexion phase and the extension phase. The angular velocity was significantly less in 80%1RM than in 40%1RM and 60%1RM during the extension phase. Conclusion: Generally, the increase of muscle strength decreases the pace of motion based on the relation between the strength and speed of muscle. In this study, we also found that the increase of exercise intensity may contribute to the increase of the muscle activity of the RF and the running time in the extension phase during squat motion. We observed that increased exercise intensity may hinder the regulation of the range of motion and joint angle. It is suitable to perform consistent movements while controlling the proper range of motion to maximize the benefit of resistance training.

• 한국전문물리치료학회지
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.22-29
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• 2018

Background: Deficits of both ankle dorsiflexion range of motion (DFROM) and dynamic balance are shown in persons with chronic ankle instability and the elderly, with the risk of falls. Objects: This study aims to investigate the relationship between DFROM and dynamic balance in elderly subjects and young adults. Methods: Fifty-nine subjects were divided into three groups: ankle stability young group (SY), ankle instability young group (IY) and ankle stability older group (SO). We recruited three old subjects with ankle instability, but excluded them during a pilot testing due to the safety issue. DFROM was measured by weight bearing lunge test (WBLT) and dynamic balance was measured via star excursion balance test (SEBT) in anteromedial, medial, and posteromedial directions. The group differences in WBLT and SEBT and each group's correlation between WBLT and SEBT were detected using the R statistical software package. Results: The dorsiflexion range of motion was significantly different between the SY, IY, and SO groups. The SO group showed the highest DFROM and IY group showed the lowest DFROM (SY: $45.88{\pm}.66^{\circ}$, IY: $39.53{\pm}1.63^{\circ}$, SO: $47.94{\pm}.50^{\circ}$; p<.001). However, the SO group showed the lowest dynamic balance score for all SEBT directions (SY: $87.24{\pm}2.05cm$, IY: $83.20{\pm}1.30cm$, SO: $77.23{\pm}2.07cm$; p<.05) and there was no relationship between the dorsiflexion range of motion and dynamic balance in any group. Conclusion: Our findings suggest that ankle DFROM is not a crucial factor for dynamic stability regardless of aging and ankle instability. Other factors such as muscle strength or movement coordination should be considered for training dynamic balance. Therefore, we need to establish the rehabilitation process by measuring and treating ROM, balance, and muscle strength when treating young adults with and without ankle instability as well as elderly people.

• 한국건설관리학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국건설관리학회 2002년도 학술대회지
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• pp.539-542
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• 2002

도로면 유지보수를 시행함에 있어 노면의 파손정도에 따라 다양한 공법의 사용이 가능하나 크랙 실링 공법은 예방적 차원에서 도로면에 발생된 크랙을 초기에 효과적으로 보수할 수 있는 방법이다. 그러나, 교통량이 많은 대도시나 고속도로에서 시행되는 도로면 유지보수 작업의 경우 노무자가 열악한 작업환경 내에서 작업을 수행해야 하므로 안전성 확보에 문제가 있고, 도로면 유지보수 작업의 특성상 현장 노무자의 잦은 이직(labor turnover) 및 3D업종의 기피로 인한 숙련공 부족현상은 현 도로면 유지보수 작업의 생산성 및 품질 저하를 가져오고 있다. 선진 외국의 경우 크랙 실링 공법의 이점 및 도로 유지보수 공사의 위험 요소를 인식하여 자동화 장비의 개발을 통한 안전성, 생산성 향상 및 경제성 확보에 다양한 연구 노력을 기울이고 있으나, 국내의 경우 도로면 유지보수 공사를 위한 기술축적이나 자동화 장비 개발을 위한 시도는 매우 미약한 실정이다. 따라서, 본 연구에서는 도로면 유지보수 공법 중 크랙 실링 공법의 자동화를 통해 노무자의 안전사고를 방지하고, 품질 및 생산성 향상을 도모할 수 있는 크랙 실링 자동화 방안을 제시하고자 한다.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제11권4호
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• pp.235-243
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• 2011

본 연구의 목적은 체간근 즉 외(측)복사근(EO), 복횡근(TrA) 및 요부 다열근의 크기를 체간근 지구력 검사 동안 측정하여 요통 경험 유무에 따라 측정 근육의 두께와 근수축의 패턴을 관찰하여 통증유무와 근수축 패턴의 연관성을 알아보고자 하였다. 19세에서 29세사이의 50명의 피험자를 대상으로 측정하였다. 연구 참여자는 요통으로 인하여 일상생활이나 직장생활을 하는 데 제약이 없으며 현재 척추 증상이 없는 자를 대상으로 하였다. 자료분석은 요통 경험 유무에 따라 그룹화하여 실시하였다. 근육의 크기는 드로인 검사, 굴곡근 지구력 검사, 사이드-브릿지 검사에서 실시하고, 측정은 휴식기, 수축기, 수축15초에 하였다. 피험자에 대한 일반적인 데이터는 모든 신체 검사 측정 후 수집하였다. 드로인 검사에서 근수축 시, 오른쪽외(측)복사근 두께가 Group 1에서는 감소하는 반면, Group 2에서는 증가하였으며, 양쪽 복횡근 두께는 그룹에 상관없이 증가함이 관찰되었다. 굴곡근 지구력 검사에서, Group 2에서만 복횡근 두께가 증가되었다. 또한 사이드-브릿지 검사에서는, 오른쪽 복횡근의 두께가 Group 1에서는 수축동안 계속 감소함이, Group 2에서는 수축 시 감소하다가 15초 수축 후에는 층가함이 관찰되었다. 따라서 본 연구 결과는 요통과 연관하여 특정 근육의 기능을 파악하여, 이에 맞춰 구체적인 훈련하는 것이 중요함을 제시할 수 있다.

• 수산해양기술연구
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• 제38권3호
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• pp.241-248
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• 2002

황해, 동중국 해역에서 서식하는 어업생물 자원의 평가 및 그 관리에 필요한 기초 자료를 수집하기 위한 시도로서, 1997 년도에 부경대학교와 일본 장기대학이 공동으로 실시한 어업자원조사중에서 주로 계량어군탐지기를 이용하여 수집한 자료를 분석, 고찰한 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1 황해, 동중국해에 설정한 9개의 조사정점에서 저층트롤에 의한 어획량은 7.7~182.48 kg/hour이었고, 그때 어획된 어종수는 7~34 종이었다. 2. 1997년 5월에 동중국해에 있어서의 어군의 분포는 황해 중부의 저층 냉수역과 동중국해 중앙해역의 저층 고온수역, 또 쿠로시오계의 난류와 황해 냉수 및 대륙 연안수의 사이에 형성된 제주도 남부의 전선역에서 그 어군도가 매우 높았다. 3. 황해, 동중국해의 조사대상해역의 전수층부와 저층부에 대한 어군의 평균 체적산란강도는 각각 -74.57 ㏈, -68.24 ㏈로서 저층부가 전수층부에 비해 5.67 ㏈ 더 높았다. 4. 본 연구의 조사대상해역에 대한 어군의 분포밀도를 추정한 결과, 전수층에 대해서는 6.65$\times$$10^{-5}$ kg/㎥이었고, 저층부에 있어서는 2.86$\times$$10^{-4}$ kg/㎥이었다.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제27권4호
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• pp.434-444
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• 1994

여수해만 주변해역 퇴적물의 물리적 성질 및 음향학적 성질을 밝히기 위해서 총 36개 시추시료에서 10cm 간격으로 퇴적물의 조직(입도), 음파전달속도 및 물리적 성질(공극율, 전밀도, 함수율, 전단응력)을 측정하였다. 연구지역을 광양만, 여수해만, 남해대륙붕의 세 지역으로 나누어 각 지역간의 물성과 조직의 상관관계를 비교 검토하였다. 비교 모델로는 Hamilton(1970)의 북태평양 대륙붕 및 대륙사면 퇴적물을 이용하였다. 본 연구지역에서의 조직과 물성의 분포도(50cm 깊이)를 보면 평균입도($6.5{\sim}8.1{\phi}$), 점토함량($35{\sim}50\%$), 공극율($66{\sim}80\%$), 속도($1540{\sim}1525m/s$), 전단응력($2{\sim}8kPa$), 밀도($1.60{\sim}l.40a/cm^3$) 등이고 각각의 특성이 광양만에서부터 남해 대륙붕 지역으로 갈수록 점진적인 변화를 보이는 것으로 나타났다. 이런 특징은 본 연구지역의 주요한 공급원인 섬진강에서 유입되는 퇴적물이 광양만 및 여수해만을 통하여 남해 대륙붕 지역으로 이동하는 경로와 관련이 있는 것을 시사한다. 각 물성간의 상관관계를 보면 여수해만 및 남해 대륙붕 지역이 광양만보다도 Hamilton(1970)이 제시한 모델에 더 유사한 경향을 보인다. 물성 분포로 보아 여수해만 지역 퇴적물의 성질은 광양만과 남해대륙붕 지역 퇴적물의 중간적인 단계에 해당되는 것으로 생각된다.

• 한국운동역학회지
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• 제25권3호
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• pp.275-281
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• 2015

Objective : In order for Taekwondo athletes to perform destructive kicking performance, they are expected to have Taekwondo-specific muscle properties such as high muscle strength and power. The purpose of this study was to investigate the joint angle-dependent force-producing property of Taekwondo athletes' knee extensor muscles, which is one of the primary muscle groups involved in kicking performance. Method : Ten Taekwondo male athletes (age: $19.9{\pm}0.7yrs$, height: $180.6{\pm}6.2cm$, body mass: $75.9{\pm}8.9kg$, career: $9.2{\pm}2.9yrs$.) and 10 healthy male non-athletes (age: $26.3{\pm}2.6yrs$, height: $174.2{\pm}4.8cm$, body mass: $72.8{\pm}7.7kg$) participated in this study. Subjects performed maximum isometric knee extension at knee joint angles of $40^{\circ}$, $60^{\circ}$, $80^{\circ}$, and $100^{\circ}$ (the full knee extension was set to $0^{\circ}$) with the hip joint angles of $0^{\circ}$ and $80^{\circ}$ (the full extension was set to $0^{\circ}$). During the contractions, knee extension torque using an isokinetic dynamometer simultaneously with muscle activities of the rectus femoris (RF), and the vastus lateralis (VL) and vastus medialis (VM) using surface electromyography were recorded. Based on the torque values at systematically different knee-hip joint angles, the joint torque-angle relationships were established and then the optimal joint angle for the knee extensor was estimated. Results : The results of this study showed that the isometric knee extension torque values were greater for the Taekwondo athletes compared with the non-athlete group at all hip-knee joint angle combinations (p<.05). When the hip joint was set at $80^{\circ}$, the peak isometric torque was greater for the Taekwondo athletes compared with the non-athlete group ($313.61{\pm}36.79Nm$ and $221.43{\pm}35.92Nm$, respectively; p<.05) but the estimated optimum knee joint angles were similar ($62.33{\pm}5.71^{\circ}$ and $62.30{\pm}4.67^{\circ}$ for the Taekwondo athletes and non-athlete group, respectively). When the hip joint was set at $0^{\circ}$, the peak isometric torque was greater for the Taekwondo athletes compared with the non-athlete group ($296.29{\pm}45.13Nm$ and $199.58{\pm}25.23Nm$, respectively; p<.05) and the estimated optimum knee joint angle was larger for the Taekwondo athletes compared with the non-athlete group ($78.47{\pm}5.14^{\circ}$ and $67.54{\pm}5.77^{\circ}$, respectively; p<.05). Conclusion : The results of this study suggests that, compared with non-athletes, Taekwondo athletes have stronger knee extensor strength at all hip-knee joint angle combinations as well as longer optimum muscle length, which might be optimized for the event-specific required performance through prolonged training period.

• 한국직업건강간호학회지
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.5-21
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• 1999

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the physical fitness status and health promoting life styles of the workers. For the purpose, 108 workers who attended the exercise program in Inchon branch of KISCO were selected as the subjects. From Oct. 20th to Nov. 30th, in 1998, they were firstly assessed their physical fitness. The items include cardio-respiratory endurance, flexibility, muscular strength, muscular endurance, agility, power, balance, body composition, etc. Secondly, the health promoting life styles were asked by questionnaires about daily life and dietary habits. Both of them were evaluated by 5 or 3 levels as A(very good) to E(very poor) or A (good) to C(poor). Those data were analyzed percentile, mean, standard deviation by SAS program. Major findings are as follows ; 1. The health promoting life styles were generally good, but 43.5% of the subjects didn't exercise at all. Most of them(93.5%) thought about their physical fitness status as lower than average level. About half of them(48.1%) didn't drink alcohol, non smokers were 70.4% of them. But they had poor dietary habits(lower than average level : 79.6%), females were a little bit better than males. The aged group had the poor body compositions, 21.4% of females and 10.0% of males were obese. 2. Physical fitness status of the workers were assessed as two areas, one is health related, the other is physical function related area. In the health related area, females were better than males, in view of age, forties aged group had the highest scores of all items except cardio-respiratory endurance. Among 'A' and 'B' level, muscular endurance was showed most frequently, followed by muscular strength, flexibility, cardiorespiratory endurance. In physical function related status, balance was ranked highly in the portion of over 'B', followed by power, agility. In view of sex, males were better than females for all items except balance, and there were various figures in the status by age groups. 3. Comprehensive assessment scores were poor(under 'D' leves were most frequent), females were better than males, and teenage group had the worst scores. In ages of the physical fitness, generally they had 1 year under their real ages, and females were better than males. In view of age, forties aged group was ranked highly and teenagers had lowest scores.