• Journal of the Korean Solar Energy Society
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• v.32 no.3
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• pp.1-10
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• 2012

The purpose of this study was to promote the utilization of wind velocity of kitchen and bathroom exhaust ducts for wind power generation in high-rise apartments. The research content can be summarized as follows: 1) Nine high-rise apartments were examined for the installation of kitchen and bathroom exhaust ducts located in the pipe shaft (PS) section. After selecting simulation candidates, a simulation was performed with the STAR-CCM+ Ver 5.06 program. 2) Of nine high-rise apartments, seven had kitchen and bathroom exhaust ducts, whose cross section was in the range of $0.16m^2{\sim}0.4m^2$. The area ratio between the exhaust ducts and PS section (cross section of exhaust duct/area of PS section ${\times}$ 100) was on average 3.2%. 3) The simulation results were analyzed. As a result, the smaller cross section kitchen and bathroom exhaust ducts had, the more advantages there were for increasing exhaust wind velocity. If an out air inlet duct is installed to the old kitchen and bathroom exhaust ducts, it will increase exhaust wind velocity by 3.01~3.98m/s and contribute to the proper wind velocity level (3.0m/s). 4) When the simultaneous usage rate between the kitchen and bathroom exhaust fan increased from 20% to 60%, exhaust wind velocity increased. The "entire house holds" condition for exhaust fan operation provided more even exhaust wind velocity than the "some house holds" condition. 5) Exhaust wind velocity increased in the order of amplified (T-3), induced (T-2) and vertical (T-1) top of kitchen and bathroom exhaust ducts. Of them, the amplified type (T-3) was under the least influence of external wind velocity and thus the most proper for kitchen and bathroom exhaust duct tops.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.61 no.3
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• pp.222-226
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• 2016

This research was carried out to investigate the germination and seedling growth characteristics of the halophyte Suaeda asparagoides under various salt concentrations, temperatures, and the presence or absence of light S. asparagoides has a non-endospermic dicotyledonous seed structure that is go stone-shaped with a dark brown color and covered by a star-shaped perianth. Germination within the temperature range $5{\sim}40^{\circ}C$ varied from 8% to 65%. The highest germination occurred at $15^{\circ}C$. In seeds exposed to salt concentrations in the range 0~400 mM, the highest germination occurred at 0 mM, and the germination progressively decreased as the salt concentration increased. When the perianth of the seed was removed, the germination increased significantly. In the presence or absence of light, germination under white light was 5~20% higher than that under darkness, which varied according to salt concentrations in the range 0~300 mM. The plant growth of S. asparagoides, evaluated by plant height, branch number, root length, fresh weight, and dry weight, was higher in the concentration range 50~100 mM, and it decreased in the other concentrations. In conclusion, the seeds of S. asparagoides showed higher germination in fresh water at low temperature of approximately $15^{\circ}C$ under light when the perianth was removed, and the plant growth was higher at salt concentrations of 50~100 mM.

• Horticultural Science & Technology
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.447-456
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• 2013

This study was carried out for the establishment of theory and foundational data for breeding, on variegated foliage plants using for potted plants, based on examination and analysis for shape, color, and area ratio of variegated leaves and chlorophyll contents. Six families, 18 genus, and 54 species of variegated plants domestically distributed in Korea were used as the plant materials. Patterns based on chlorophyll-deficient part in variegated leaves were divided into 20 types, such as steps, border, collapsed border, sandy border, half, silk, stars, vein, firewood, border and firewood, center, entirety, leaf, irregular, net, watermelon, melon, and so on. There were 10 kinds of colors including dark green, red, dark red, reddish white, reddish yellow, white, silver, silvery white, yellowish white, and yellow. The ratio of variegated area was ranged from 5.8% to 100% and it was diverse depending on species or cultivar. The ratios by patterns were highest in entirety (98.6%) and relatively high in step (60.8%), whereas, low in boarder, star and firewood (33.6-36.4%), and relatively low in half and vein (43%). Chlorophyll content of variegated leaf was rather lower compared to normal plants and chlorophyll b tended to be higher in ratio of chlorophyll a to b. Particularly content of chlorophyll b in Stromanthe sanguinea 'Triostar', Dracaena fragrans 'Massangeana Compacta', D. reflexa 'Song of India', and Tradescantia spathacea was higher than chlorophyll a in comparison with that of normal plants.

• The Journal of Engineering Geology
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• v.17 no.2 s.52
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• pp.187-196
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• 2007

The Dalseong acid mine drainage were studied focused on the characters of schwertmannite that controls geochemistry of the stream. Besides chemical analysis of stream water, particle size analysis, XRD SEM and TEM were performed on precipitates of streams and on wasted metalliferous ores. The AMD discharged from the abandoned mine reveals a decrease of pH and EC downward stream. Euhedral sulfur occurs as equigranular aggregates on the altered pyrite while fine acicula goethite coalesces to form cross, star, or starfish-like shapes. Water chemistry plotted on the Eh-pH diagram shows that schwertmannite and ferrihydrite are stable phases. Reddish brown precipitates consist of mostly schwertmannite with less goethite, whereas yellowish brown precipitates are composed of geothite with less schwertmannite. The particle size of precipitates ranges $d(0.1)\;0.861{\mu}m{\sim}3.769{\mu}m,\;d(0.5)\;3.984{\mu}m{\sim}15.255{\mu}m,\;and\;d(0.9)\;9.875{\mu}m{\sim}56.726{\mu}m$. Schwertmannite is characterized by equigranular spheric form. Pincushion or spicule with 100nm width and $200{\sim}300nm$length form on schwertmannite sphere with radial growth patterns. It is highly probable that reddish or yellowish brown precipitates formed in many AMDs may contain schwerhnannite. Because it can serve as sink for removing heavy elements by adsorption in AMD system, there is a need to correctly identify schwertmannite in precipitates and to characterize its phase stability.

• Journal of Science and Technology Studies
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.307-342
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• 2018

This article is to discuss about a debate on controlling and handling rights of diagnostic instruments for the outbreak of Foot-and-Mouth Disease(FMD) in South Korea between 2010 and 2011. The epidemic of FMD caused catastrophic shockwave to the whole Korean society and there was fierce debate what was the best diagnostic tool for the disease and who owned the controlling power. The central government insisted to have the power of controlling the diagnostic tool to maintain the nation-centered disease control while local governments and civil organisations attempted to take over the controlling power of the diagnostic tools. In this article the concept of boundary objects which was suggested by an American STS academic, Susan Leigh Star and her colleagues. The boundary object could be the useful concept for capturing the whole process of constructing and imposing meanings and social orders in the diagnostic tool, called the portable antibody/antigen diagnostic kit. The constructing process of this boundary object must be understood with relation to boundary making activities between different social groups.

• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
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• v.39 no.7
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• pp.760-764
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• 2015

Wireless sensors, installed on machinery, and Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA) transmission make an ideal system for monitoring machine conditions in industrial plants because there is no need for electronic wiring. However, there has not yet been a successful field application of such a system, capable of continuously transmitting data at sample rates greater than 100 Hz. In this research, a TDMA network protocol capable of acquiring data from multiple sensors at sample rates greater than 100 Hz was developed for field application. The protocol was implemented in a single cluster-star topology network, and the system was evaluated based on the node number and transmission distance. Network simulator 2 (ns-2) was used for a real field simulation. Non-TDMA and TDMA protocol cases were compared using four sensor nodes. In the cases of 20-s and 40-s transmission times, there was little difference between the reception rates of the non-TDMA and TDMA systems. However, the difference was much greater when using a 60-s transmission time.

• The Journal of Industrial Distribution & Business
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.47-52
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• 2017

Purpose - This current study will investigate the average financial ratio of top and failed five-star hotels in the Jeju area. A total of 14 financial ratio variables are utilized. This study aims to; first, assess financial ratio of the first-class hotels in Jeju to establishing variables, second, develop distress prediction model for the first-class hotels in Jeju district by using logit analysis and third, evaluate distress prediction capacity for the first-class hotels in Jeju district by using logit analysis. Research design, data, and methodology - The sample was collected from year 2015 and 14 financial ratios of 12 first-class hotels in Jeju district. The results from the samples were analyzed by t-test, and the independent variables were chosen. This was an empirical study where the distress prediction model was evaluated by logit analysis. This current research has focused on critically analyzing and differentiating between the top and failed hotels in the Jeju area by utilizing the 14 financial ratio variables. Results - The verification result of the accuracy estimated by logit analysis has shown to indicate that the distress prediction model's distress prediction capacity was 83.3%. In order to extract the factors that differentiated the top hotels in the Jeju area from the failed hotels among the 14 chosen, the analysis of t-black was utilized by independent variables. Logit analysis was also used in this study. As a result, it was observed that 5 variables were statistically significant and are included in the logit analysis for discernment of top and failed hotels in the Jeju area. Conclusions - The distress prediction press' prediction capability was compared in this research analysis. The distress prediction press prediction capability was shown to range from 75-85% by logit analysis from a previous study. In this current research, the study's prediction capacity was shown to be 83.33%. It was considered a high number and was found to belong to the range of the previous study's prediction capacity range. From a practical perspective, the capacity of the assessment of the distress prediction model in the top and failed hotels in the Jeju area was considered to be a prominent factor in applications of future hotel appraisal.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.57 no.4 s.113
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• pp.173-187
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• 2007

The purpose of this study is to analyze the fetishist characteristics and the aesthetic values of glamour style based on the premise that fetishism is the theoretical root of glamour style expressed in fashion throughout history. The following results are from analysing fetishist characteristics of glamour style. First, luxury was analysed from an angle of commodity fetishism. Every culture develops images and stories that portray a world in which its ideals are realized: a paradise, a utopia, a golden age, etc. Consumer goods often serve as 'bridges to these ideals'. People thus can fantasize about owning the perfect life. Crucially, however, they must never get everything they picture. That is why luxuries often take on displaced meaning. Glamour gives the displaced meaning visual form, making it beautiful and real. Second, the attention on the glamour of luxury goods as a bridge to ideals is connected to the glamour icon who is simultaneously a consumer of these luxury goods and a producer of cultural goods. Glamour icons including the courtesan of the late 19th century, the actress of the 1930s' Hollywood golden age and today's celebrities appear to efface the traces of production and create fetishist images in culture. Through this artificial principle, the commodity-cum-glamour icon comes to life as a splendid image of spectacle. Third, masquerade and seduction were analysed from an angle of sexual fetishism. A magnificent image of masquerade as sexual fetishism is often equated with femininity, especially in Hollywood movies, because the artificial seduction of the feminine -namely glamour- can be effected by the absence or silence of being. That is to say, the aesthetic revelation of femininity coincides with the fleshing out of artificial signs. Masquerade and the seduction of the feminine are connected with glamour's artificial sensuality from this point. Fourth, since 1980's when homosexuality as sexual deviation resurfaced as a hot topic, sexual ambiguity and bisexual image have gained attention as perverse sexuality. Next came queer theory, which reduced gender itself to a matter of surface rather than depth. According to queer theory, gender itself can be revealed as a kind of drag act. Drag's imitative performance may reveal that womanliness is just about 'dragging up'. Queerness as a decadent play makes a connection with the wicked origins of glamour. From these characteristics, four aesthetic values were deduced: ostentatious luxury and mysterious idolatry by commodity fetishism, artificial sensuality and playful queerness by sexual fetishism.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute Of Construction Engineering and Management
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• 2006.11a
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• pp.167-172
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• 2006

It follows recently in an order augmentation of overseas construction market plant field and the project of oil gas field is increasing. Consequently, the hazard which secures the competitive power of the overseas plant enterprise of the domestic building industry enterprises the technical competitiveness security which stands, productivity improvement and strategy management propulsion back positive disposal plan establishment are demanded. Even from in that oil gas field of overseas plant enterprise for an industrial competitive power improvement the application of EPC circulation information which relates with a project accomplishment is more demanded, the EPC phased star efficiently it manages the circulation information contents which occurs from the business which is various it is not presented it cannot there is a contents classification system for. If with him about lower the draft the problem point of information omission back of occurrence and business subject for of the fringe land and duplication business occurs, about lower the productivity decrease actual condition is appearing with such problem point. The research which it sees consequently in order to improve the use characteristic of the augmentation of practical application of the contents management system of oil gas field and building industry information civil official establishhes the contents management system the BPM for (Business Process Management) to present the contents classification system of base, it does to sleep. The part of Business Process materiality the knowledge which is demanded, contents information and system anger it analyzes system anger of industrial equipment circulation information it takes a triangular position and to sleep it does.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.19-25
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• 1983

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of laundry variables and additives on the removal of deposited calcium on the cotton fabric. Samples of calcium deposited fabric was made by treating fabric with $CaC1_2$ and $Na_2CO_3$ solution subsequently. The experimental variables were: 1) NaOH concentration ($0.0001\%$, $0.0005\%$, $0.001\%$, $0.005\%$, $0.01\%$) 2) Alkaline builders(sodium carbonate, sodium meta silicate) 3) Sequestering agents(STPP and EDTA concentration: $0.02\%$, $0.04\%$, $0.06\%$, $0.08\%$, $0.1\%$, $0.15\%$, $0.2\%$) 4) Temperatures($25\pm1^{\circ}C$, $40\pm1^{\circ}C$, $60\pm1^{\circ}C$) 5) Edge-abrasion to the removal of deposited calcium on the cotton fabric. The fabric was washed for 15 minutes in a washing machine(Model: Gold Star WP-3007) or Launder-0-meter(40$\~$45 r.p.m., Toyo Rika Instrument Inc.) and rinsed 3 times per every rinsing time. The amount of calcium deposits on the fabrics was determined by EDTA-back titration methods and edge-abrasion was evaluated by ASTM D 3886 method. The results of this study were as follows: 1) pH of surfactant solution(NaOH concentration) did not influence on the removal of deposited calcium on the cotton fabric. 2) Added alkaline builders did not influence on the removal of deposited calcium on the cotton fabric. 3) It was shown that STPP and EDTA were effective to remove deposited calcium. The removal of deposited calcium on the cotton fabric was proportionally increased with increasing concentration of STPP and EDTA. At high concentration, however, the rate was rather decreased with increasing concentration. 4) The temperature of washing solution did not influence on the removal of dedosited calcium on the cotton fabric. 5) As the removal of deposited calcium on the cotton fabric was increased, the rate of edge-abrasion of the fabric was gradually increased.