• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제15권23호
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• pp.10217-10223
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• 2015

Hyperactivated ${\alpha}2$-6-sialylation on N-glycans due to overexpression of the Golgi enzyme ${\beta}$-galactoside: ${\alpha}2$-6-sialyltransferase (ST6Gal-I) often correlates with cancer progression, metastasis, and poor prognosis. This study was aimed to determine the association between ST6Gal-I expression and the risk of recurrence and survival of patients with localized clear-cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) following surgery. We retrospectively enrolled 391 patients (265 in training cohort and 126 in validation cohort) with localized ccRCC underwent nephrectomy at a single center. Tissue microarrays were constructed for immunostaining of ST6Gal-I. Prognostic value and clinical outcomes were evaluated. High ST6Gal-I expression was associated with Fuhrman grade (p<0.001 and p=0.016, respectively) and the University of California Los-Angeles Integrated Staging System (UISS) score (p=0.004 and p=0.017, respectively) in both cohorts. Patients with high ST6Gal-I expression had significantly worse overall survival (OS) (p<0.001 and p<0.001, respectively) and recurrence free survival (RFS) (p<0.001 and p=0.002, respectively) than those with low expression in both cohorts. On multivariate analysis, ST6Gal-I expression remained associated with OS and RFS even after adjusting for the UISS score. Stratified analysis suggested that the association is more pronounced among patients with low and intermediate-risk disease defined by the UISS score. High ST6Gal-I expression is a potential independent adverse predictor of survival and recurrence in ccRCC patients, and the prognostic value is most prominent in those with low and intermediate-risk disease defined by the UISS score.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• 제20권6호
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• pp.190-200
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• 2003

Objective: The purpose of this study is to examine influences by the order, Reduction and Reinforcement in Acupuncture on cerebral hemodynamics [regional cerebral blood flow(rCBF) and mean arterial blood pressure(MABP)] in normal rats. Methods: This experiments was to to investigate eath other changes of rCBF and MABP at Xingjian(LR2)(1st) Shaofu(HT8)(2nd) Reduction, Xingjian(LR2)(1st) Shaofu(HT8)(2nd) Reinforcement, Shaofu(HT8)(1st) Xingjian(LR2)(2st) Reduction and Shaofu(HT8)(1st) Xingjian(LR2)(2st) Reduction in Acupuncture. Results: 1. LR2(1st) HT8(2nd) Reduction in Acupuncture was decreased rCBF and MABP in compared with normal condition. 2. LR2(1st) HT8(2nd) Reinforcement in Acupuncture was significantly decreased rCBF, and was decreased MABP in compared with normal condition. 3. HT8(1st) LR2(2st) Reduction in Acupuncture was decreased rCBF during acupuncture but was recovered rCBF after with-drawing of the neddle. 4. HT8(1st) LR2(2st) Reduction in Acupuncture was decreased MABP during acupuncture and after withdrawing of the neddle. 5. HT8(1st) LR2(2st) Reinforcement in Acupuncture was significantly increased rCBF during acupuncture and 30min after withdrawing of the neddle. 6. HT8(1st) LR2(2st) Reinforcement in Acupuncture was decreased MABP during acupuncture, but was recovered MABP after withdrawing of the neddle. Conclusions: I suggested that LR2 HT8 Reduction in Acupuncture and LR2 HT8 Reinforcement in Acupuncture cause a diverse response of cerebral hemodynas.

• Journal of Life Science
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.51-56
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• 2000

In many cases of human cancer, the appearance of hypersialylated glycan structures is related to a precise stage of the disease ; this may depend on the elebated sialyltransferase activity during carcinogenesis. The aim of this study was to investigate the inhibitory effects of Oriental medicinal herbs on enzymatic activities of two kinds ofsialyltransferase, Gal $\beta$ 1,3GalNAc$\alpha$2,3-sialyltransferase(ST3Gal I) and Gal $\beta$ 1,4GlcNAc $\alpha$2,6-sialyltransterases(ST6Gal I), which are well known as glycosyltransterases associated with cancer. The aqueous extracts of Scutellaria Baicalensis Georgi, Coptidis Rhizoma, Glycyrrhiza urlensis Fisch, Bupleuri Radix and Platycodi Radix were prepared and tested, respectively. At concentration of 100$\mu$g, Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch showed the highest inhibitory effects(about 42% and 57%, respectively) on ST3Gal Iand ST6Gal Iactivities. ST3GAl I was inhibited about 23% by Scutellaria baicalensi G댁햐, but not by the other samples, whereas ST6Gal I was inhibited about 20% and 40%,respectively, by Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi and Bupleuri Radix. All inhibitory effects were obtained in a concentration-dependent manner.

• 생태와환경
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• 제43권1호
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• pp.55-68
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• 2010

박테리아, HNF, 식물플랑크톤 그리고 섬모충류로 이어지는 미소생물군집의 계절적 변화를 2007년 5월에서 2008월 5월까지 부영양화된 기수호유역 시화호의 3개 정점에서 조사하였다. 배수갑문 주변의 두 정점과 비교하여 상류의 정점에서 염분농도가 낮게 나타났고, 영양염 농도와 더불어 Chl-$\alpha$가 현저하게 높게 기록되었다. 박테리아의 연 평균은 St. 1에서 $6.8{\times}10^6\;cells\;mL^{-1}$로, St. 2에서 $7.4{\times}10^6\;cells\;mL^{-1}$로, St. 3에서 $4.6{\times}10^6\;cells\;mL^{-1}$로 각각 관찰되었다. HNF의 연 평균은 St. 1에서 $19{\times}10^2\;cells\;mL^{-1}$로, St. 2에서 $6.7{\times}10^2\;cells\;mL^{-1}$로, St. 3에서 $5.9{\times}10^2\;cells\;mL^{-1}$로 각각 기록되었다. 최고치의 섬모충 개체수는 St. 1에서 2008년 4월 29 일에 관찰되었고, 전체의 99%가 자가영양성 섬모충 Mesodinium rubrum (=Myrionecta rubra) 이였다. Chl-$\alpha$농도는 박테리아와 높은 상관관계가 관찰되었으나, 박테리아는 HNF와 섬모충으로 이어지는 상위 포식자 간의 상관성이 높게 나타나지 않았다. 이것은 상위 포식자로 이어지는 에너지 흐름의 효율이 비교적 낮다는 것을 의미한다. 부영양화된 시화호에서 일차 생산자의 생물량이 높게 관찰되였음에도 불구하고, 미소생물군집의 상위 영양단계 생물과 하위 생물군과의 상관성이 나타나지 않았다는 것은 미소생물환의 먹이 연쇄는 고전적인 먹이망과 같은 간접적인 경로와 더불어 시간 지연의 영향을 받았을 것으로 사료되었다.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제40권3호
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• pp.349-353
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• 2008

표준균주 S. Typhimurium과 분리균주 Salmonella spp.에 오염된 돈육을 $10^{\circ}C$에서 다른 돈육(삼겹살, 안심), 컨베이어벨트와 스테인리스 스틸, 도마에 일정시간(2, 4, 24시간)동안 접촉시킨 후 부착율을 조사하였다. Salmonella 표준균주와 분리균주에 오염된 돈육으로부터 삼겹살에 6시간 접촉 시 부착율은 4.21%, 26.87%를 나타내었고, 안심부위에 16.40%, 27.48%를 각각 나타내었지만, 24시간 후에는 두균 모두 삼결살과 안심부위에 100%의 부착율을 보였다. S. Typhimurium에 오염된 돈육으로부터 컨베이어벨트로의 부착율은 접촉시간 2시간 후에는 1.34%을 증가율을 나타냈으나, 6시간 후에는 0.60%로 감소하였고 분리균주 Salmonella spp. 는 접촉 6시간에 부착율이 5.14%의 부착율을 보였다. 스테인리스 스틸의 경우, 표준균주는 6시간 접촉 후에도 부착율이 전혀 없었으며, 분리균주는 접촉 6시간 후에 5.01%의 부착율을 보였다. 그러나 항균도마에는 표준균주와 분리균주 모두 전혀 부착하지 않았다. 본 연구결과, S. Typhimurium과 Salmonella spp.에 오염된 돈육에서 다른 돈육 또는 식품접촉면으로의 부착율은 접촉시간에 따라 영향이 컸으며 분리균주가 표준균주에 비하여 현저하게 높은 부착율을 나타내었다.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제30권5호
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• pp.443-451
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• 2020

현대사회는 고지방의 서구화된 식사, 과도한 스트레스 등으로 비정상적인 혈액응고 및 과다한 혈소판 응집이 증가되고 있으며, 이로 인한 다양한 혈전성 질환 위험성도 증가되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 제주 특용식물인 상동나무(Sageretia thea) 지상부의 항혈전 활성을 평가하기 위해 잎(ST-L), 줄기(ST-B), 열매(ST-F) 에탄올 추출물을 조제하고 이의 항혈전 활성, 인간 적혈구 용혈활성 및 flavonoids·phenolic acids 조성을 검토하였다. ST-B 추출물은 식용으로 이용되고 있는 ST-F 추출물보다 6.7배의 총 폴리페놀 함량을 보였으며, ST-L 추출물은 ST-F 추출물보다 2.7배 높은 총 플라보노이드 함량을 보였다. 혈액응고 저해활성 평가 결과, ST-F 추출물은 aPTT에서만 혈액응고시간 연장이 미약하게 나타났으나, ST-L 및 ST-B 추출물은 기존 항혈전제인 aspirin 및 베리류 및 한방 약재 추출물보다 트롬빈, 프로트롬빈, 응고인자들에 대해 강력한 저해활성을 나타내었다. 혈소판 응집저해 역시 ST-L 및 ST-B 추출물은 aspirin보다 우수한 응집저해 활성을 나타내었으며, 인간 적혈구에 대한 용혈활성은 1 mg/ml 농도까지 전혀 나타나지 않았다. ST-L 및 ST-B 추출물의 phenolic acid 및 flavonoids 분석결과, rutin, isoquercitrin 및 astragalin이 주요 활성물질로 확인되었다. 본 연구결과는 상동나무 잎과 줄기의 강력한 항혈전 활성의 최초 보고이며, 상동나무를 이용한 항혈전제 개발이 가능함을 제시하고 있다. 향후 상동나무에서 처음으로 확인된 isoquercitrin의 항혈전 기전에 대한 연구가 필요하다.

• 대한치과의사협회지
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• 제21권12호통권175호
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• pp.1005-1010
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• 1983

To study the eruption process of the permanent tooth, esp., 1st molar, the author took 303 cases of oblique cephalogram (Male. 162 cases, Female: 141 cases) from age 3 to 8 yea old children, and observed the vertical change and axial change. The result were as follow: 1. The mesial end of upper 1st molar was closer to the occlusal plane than the distal, and they were erupting toward the occlusal plane by aging. In the case of lower 1st molar, the distal end was closer to the occlusal plane than the mesial and the occlusion showed the tendency to accord with the plane to be settled by aging. 2. Eruption rate of the upper and lower 1st permanent molar increased rapidly at 5 or 6 years of age. 3. Axial inclination of lower 1st permanent molar to the mandibular plane decreased gradually from 3 years of age, except for 6 years of age. There was some increase at 5 or 6 years of age.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제22권6호
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• pp.960-969
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• 1989

Results of St. Jude Medical valve replacement are presented in 171 patients who underwent operation from January 1983 through June 1989. The patients were 79 males and 92 females with ages ranging from 12 to 71 years. Total 211 of St. Jude Medical valves were implanted: 148 in mitral position, 57 in aortic position, 6 in tricuspid position. The follow-up was from 2 to 76 months with a cumulative period of 375 patient-year. The actuarial survival at 1 year, 3 year and 5 year were 92.1 %, 87.6 % and 86.3% respectively. The linearlized incidences of valve failure, thromboembolism, thrombotic obstruction, anticoagulation related hemorrhage and all valve related complication were as follows: 0.5 %/pt-yr, 0.5 %/pt-yr, 0.5 %/pt-yr, 1.1 %/pt-yr, and 2.4 %/pt-yr, respectively. The performance of the St. Jude Medical valve compares most favorably with other artificial valves. But it remains still hazards of mechanical prostheses such as thromboembolism and thrombotic obstruction.

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제19권4호
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• pp.397-400
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• 2002

본 연구는 침술이 개의 위 운동성에 미치는 효과에 관하여 알아보기 위하여 실시하였다. 건강한 잡종견 6두의 유문부 근층에 전극을 장착한 후 위근전도를 (electrogastromyograms, EGMG) 기록하여 위 운동성을 평가하였다. 침술은 ST-36, ST-40, ST-41, ST-42, ST-45, BL-21 및 CV-12 혈 위에 실시하였다. ST-36 및 BL-21 혈 위에 침술을 실시한 결과 위 운동성이 증가되었으며, CV-12 혈 위에서는 위 운동성이 감소되었다. 그러나 ST-40, ST-41, ST-42 및 ST-45 혈위의 침술은 위 운동성에 영향을 미치지 않았다

• 대한한방종양학회지
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.191-211
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• 1995

This experiment was designed to study the change of cytotoxic and antitumor effects according to the prebrewed method of Semen Tiglii and Rhizoma Coptidis. The cytotoxic and antitumor effects were evaluated on human cell lines(A 549, Caki-1, LL2, Sarcoma 180, NIH/3T3) after exposure to prebrewed Semen Tiglii and Rhizoma Coptidis water extract 0.1, 0.2, 0.4, 0.8, 1.6 mg/ml using in MTT assay, LDH, colony forming efficency and SRB assay which were regarded as a valuable method for cytotoxic and antitumor effects of unknown compound on tumor cell lines. The results obtained in this studies were as follows. 1. The cytotoxicity from the result of MTT assay was low slightly in the ST II(炒巴豆霜), high in the ST III(醋炒巴豆). The cytotoxicity of ST I + RC(生巴豆霜加黃連) was similar to that of STI(生巴豆霜). 2. The cytotoxicity from the result of LDH was low slightly in the ST Ⅱ (炒巴豆霜), high in the ST III(醋炒巴豆). The cytotoxicity of ST I + RC(生巴豆霜加黃連) was similar to that of ST I(生巴豆霜). 3. The antitumor affect on A 549 tumor cell from the result of colony forming efficiency was low slightly in the ST II (炒巴豆霜) and ST I + RC(生巴豆霜加黃連). 4. The antitumor effect on Caki-1 tumor cell from the result of SRB assay was low slightly in the ST II (炒巴豆霜). 5. Median survival time and Increased life span increased slightly in the ST I RC(生巴豆霜加黃連) and ST II (炒巴豆霜). 6. The inhibitory effect on the growth of Sarcoma 180 and Lewis lung carcinoma tumor cell increased slightly in the ST I + RC(生巴豆霜加黃連) and ST II (炒巴豆霜).