• 한국정보통신학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정보통신학회 2016년도 추계학술대회
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• pp.167-169
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• 2016

이 논문은 라인 터널링과 포인트 터널링을 모두 고려한 포켓 터널링 전계효과 트랜지스터의 여러가지 구조 및 물질 파라미터에 따른 시뮬레이션 결과를 소개한다. 포켓의 도핑 농도와 두께가 증가할수록 구동전류 $I_{on}$이 증가하고 포켓의 두께와 게이트 절연체의 유전율이 증가할수록 SS(subthreshold swing)가 좋아짐을 보인다. hump 효과는 SS를 나쁘게 하기 때문에 최소화할 수 있도록 최적의 구조를 만들어야 한다.

• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
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• 제25권6호
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• pp.1336-1340
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• 2001

Due to increase of air pollution substance, such as $SO_2$,$SO_3$, H2S ,CO, HCI, $Cl_2$ and so on, the operating environment of mechanical equipment and facilities like generating plants, ships, metal structure etc., are acidified and corroded. In these environments, the crevice corrosion of marine facilities frequently occurs at crevice like jointed bolt, gasket or sealant, riveted plates, contact of metal with non-metallic solids etc. Therefore, this paper was studied on the crevice corrosion behavior of mild steel(SS 400) in marine environment. In a variety of NaCl solutions, the aspect of he .crevice corrosion and polarization behavior under the crevice corrosion was investigated. The main results obtained are as follows: 1) Under crevice corrosion, the open circuit potential become less treble as the concentration of NaCl solution increased. 2) The corrosion current density of mild steel was high drained as the concentration of NaCl solution increased by 3.5%, but in the concentration increased over 3.5%, the corrosion current density was low drained. 3) The crevice corrosion is more sensitive to the synergy effect of dissolved oxygen and NaCl.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제18권12호
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• pp.1383-1390
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• 2009

This study was performed to investigate the physico-chemical properties and phytoplankton concentration from February to December, 2007 in Gwangju area reservoirs. Water samples from 20 reservoirs were analyze d. As results of the water quality analysis, the average pH was 7.6 and annual pH were 6.3~9.6. The higher pH of 8.6~9.6 were showed from March to August due to eutrophication. Chlorophyll-a concentration ranged from 0.4 to $164.3\;mg/m^3$. The highest chlorophyll-a concentration was observed in August. BOD was correlated with SS, T-N, and Chlorophyll-a(R=0.82, 0.90 and 0.84) respectively. COD was correlated with BOD, SS and Chlorophyll-a(R= 0.89, 0.77 and 0.76) respectively. The T-N/T-P ratios were 4~281, so phosph orus was considered to be the limiting factor in most of points. The trophic state showed eutrophicate states in Gwangju reservoirs. Therefore it was necessary to monitor continuously. In order to monitor the reservoirs, an algae prediction system must be used.

• 한국농공학회지
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• 제41권5호
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• pp.86-92
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• 1999

Effluent concentration estimation equations for wetland system were developed throught statistical analysis of treatment wetland experimental data. Existin g empirical equations were reviewed for thier accuracy with experimental data, and compared with the estimatin equations. About 70 experimental data sets were used for multiple regression, and variables include influent concentration, hydraulic loading rate, average daily air temperature , and plant coverage. The estimatin equations developed for BOD5 , SS ,T-P, and T-N predicted effluent concentrations moderately well, and coefficient fo determination ($R^2$) for them was 0.74 , 0.60, 0.59 and 0.58 respectively. The equations obtained from same data but excluding plant coverage showed relatively lower $R^2$ than the former case, and it was 0.66, 0.52, 0.41 and 0.57 respectively. The EPA, WPCF , and Kadlec and Knight equations worked poorly and $R^2$ for them was significantly lower than the estimation equation developed in the study. The reason might be that the existing equations were oversimplified that they did ot include important parameters such as air temperature and plant coverage. Therefore, developing reasonable estimation equations from experiment under realistic condition is highly recommended rather than using exiting estimation equations.

• 환경위생공학
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.23-30
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• 2008

This study was carried out to get efficient of nutrient removal effects on the treatment of paper making wastewater using submerged biological film process. The concentration of average BOD at raw wastewater was $324mg/{\ell}$ and COD was $435mg/{\ell}$. The average BOD of effluent was maintained $24.2mg/{\ell}$ and average COD was $37mg/{\ell}$. The concentration of average T-N at raw wastewater was $16.5mg/{\ell}$ and T-P was $1.2mg/{\ell}$. The average T-P of effluent was maintained $2.3mg/{\ell}$ and average T-P was $0.08mg/{\ell}$. The concentration of average SS at influent wastewater was $263mg/{\ell}$. The average SS of effluent was maintained $28.2mg/{\ell}$. The result of this experiment was wastage sludge did generated and the removal efficiency of nutrients were kept equilibrium.

• 한국물환경학회지
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.102-111
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• 2009

Turbid storm runoff from intensive highland agriculture area has emerged as the major problem of water quality deterioration in the upstream region of the Han River. High slope of the upland combined with high rate of fertilization and intensive plowing causes high rate of soil erosion, and subsequently high suspended sediment and phosphorus content in the runoff water. The variations of water quality during rain spells were surveyed for two years (2005 and 2006) in the Jawoon Stream that is one of hot spots of intensive horticulture discharging turbid storm runoff. SS and TP showed large increase according to the increase of flow rate, whereas TN and BOD showed less fluctuations. Mean EMCs of SS and TP measured for nine rain events were as high as $207mgSS{\cdot}L^{-1}$ and $0.27mgP{\cdot}L^{-1}$, respectively. The export coefficient of SS and TP per area of cultivated field were calculated as $11,912kgSS{\cdot}yr^{-1}{\cdot}km^{-2}$ and $785kgP{\cdot}yr^{-1}{\cdot}km^{-2}$, repectively, which are significantly higher than reports of other area. It can be concluded that SS and TP in the runoffs were high enough to impose major threat to aquatic habitats, and the highland agriculture should be the main target of water quality management or habitat conservation in the study area.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제21권12호
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• pp.1523-1528
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• 2012

This study was carried out to develop pilot plant Net3FM(Net Fit Fiber Filter Module) system and to suggest optimum operating condition for municipal wastewater reuse. SS concentration of biologically treated sewage effluent was reduced from 1.5~5.4mg/L to 0.4~1.0mg/L without coagulant injection in Net3FM system, and the SS removal efficiency was average 84.7%. And also, the removal efficiencies of COD and T-P were decreased slightly due to the SS removal by filtration. Coagulation-Filtration test was conducted to enhance the removal efficiencies of SS and T-P. The optimum dosage of coagulant was injected automatically by auto-controlling system, which is controlled by detecting value of turbidity of secondary sewage effluent. SS, COD and T-P concentrations in filtrated effluent were 0.21~0.57, 1.6~6.2 and 0.137~0.392mg/L with coagulant injection by in-line mixer in Net3FM system, respectively. The removal efficiencies of SS and T-P were highly increased to 92.8% and 89.8%, respectively. It was due to the combined the processes of coagulation and filtration. Net3FM system was evaluated that the removal efficiency of pollutants in secondary sewage effluent and the utilization potential as reclaimed water technology were very high.

• 한국물환경학회지
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.69-77
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• 2008

This study was conducted to know the characteristics of agricultural non-point source pollutants runoff by rainfall events at the upper catchment of Goseong reservoir in Gonjy city, Chungnam Province. For this study, the monitoring sites of the research catchment were set nineteen during the research period (between June 2005 and October 2006). Average runoff coefficient were observed 0.51 in 2005, 0.71 in 2006, respectively. The correlation coefficient (r) between the rainfall and peak-flow was investigated 0.787. By rainfall events, the water quality of the sites were shown like this : BOD 0.555~9.60 mg/L, T-N 0.01~13.50 mg/L, T-P 0.002~2.952 mg/L, and SS N.D~820.0 mg/L. The strong rainfall intensity was the most important factor of the soil erosion. The gabs of the arithmetic mean concentrations and the flow weighted mean concentrations were observed as the followings : BOD 0.0~29.2%, T-N 0.1~11.4%, T-P 0.4~95.2%, and SS 1.7~57.0% in 2005, and BOD 1.0~11.9%, T-N 0.7~7.3%, T-P 9.9~36.5%, and SS 6.6~36.5% in 2006, respectively. The BOD pollution load was 2,117 kg (36% of the total BOD loading of survey periods) while, T-N was 3,209.0 kg (27.9% of the total T-N loading of survey periods), T-P was 136.4 kg (37.4% of the total T-P loading of survey periods) and SS was 72,733.8 kg (51.8% of the total SS loading of survey periods) in the year 2005. In case of 2006, BOD load was 1,321.7, T-N was 2,845.8, T-P was 42.9, and SS was 16,275.8 kg, respectively.

• 한국수자원학회논문집
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• 제46권11호
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• pp.1115-1128
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• 2013

본 연구의 목적은 충주호 유역을 대상으로 2차원 횡방향 평균 수리 및 수질모형인 CE-QUAL-W2를 이용하여 호소내 수온분포, 부유물질 및 부영양화 과정의 변화특성을 모의하고 모형의 적용성을 평가하는 것이다. 지형 및 단면자료 구축을 위해 충주호를 남한강 본류(branch 1)와 유입 경계부(branch 2~7)로 구분하여 격자를 구성하였다. 호소 수질모델링을 위한 주요 입력 자료로 기상자료, 호소의 수온과 탁도 초기조건, 하천의 유량과 수온, 수질 경계조건 자료를 구축하였다. 이후 실측된 수온, 부유물질(SS), 총질소(TN), 총인(TP), 조류(Chl-a)에 대하여 모형의 보정(2010) 및 검증(2008)을 수행하여 모형의 적용가능성을 평가하였다. 충주호의 수온은 4월부터 표층수온이 증가하여 7월초에 성층현상이 발생되고 12월에는 연직수온분포가 일정하게 유지되었다. 집중호우 발생 후에는 성층구조가 교란되어 수온약층이 약 10 m가량 하강하였다. SS는 수온과 동일한 패턴으로 집중호우 발생 후에 증가하다가 12월에 안정화되었으며, 2008년 7월에 발생된 중층밀도류의 분포 현상을 잘 재현하였다. TN, TP의 경우 농도의 범위를 잘 재현하였지만, 모형 내에서 질소성분의 침강속도 및 인의 흡착-침전과정이 적절히 모의되지 않아 오차가 발생하였다. Chl-a의 경우 2010년과 2008년 여름의 조류의 성장패턴을 잘 반영하였지만, 모형이 횡방향 평균 유속과 농도를 사용함에 따른 모형의 한계점이 나타났다.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.9-16
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• 1973

마우스 간조직(肝組織)을 수종(數種) 농도(濃度)의 GSH 용액중(溶液中)에서 각각(各各) 4 C, 25 C 및 37 C의 온도(溫度)속에서 incubate하고, 5분(分), 30분(分) 및 60분(分)에서 각각(各各) NP-SH 및 NP-SS의 양(量)을 정량(定量)하여 정상(正常) 및 대조군(對照群)의 그것들과 비교(比較)한 결과(結果) 다음의 결과(結果)를 얻었다. 1) 4 C에서 incubate한 군(群)에서는 대조군(對照群) 및 GSH 10 gm/100 ml KRP의 농도(濃度)에서 대체(大體)로 정상치(正常値)에 비(比)하여 대차(大差)없는 NP-SH 및 NP-SS를 나타내고 GSH의 농도(濃度)가 높아져도 SH 기(基)의 증가(增加)는 현저(顯著)치 않았다. 2) 25 C에서 incubate한 군(群)에서의 NP-SH및 NP-SS는 GSH 20 mg/100 mg KRP 및 GSH 30 mg/100 mg KRP 의 양군(兩群)에서 GSH의 농도(濃度)와 시간경과(時間經過)에 비례(比例)해서 증가(增加)하였고, GSH 10 mg/100 ml KRP 군(群)에서는 incubation 30분(分)에서 최고치(最高値)를 나타내고 60분(分)에서는 오히려 약간(若干) 저하(低下)되는 경향(傾向)을 나타내었다. 3) 37 C에서 incubate 한 군(群)에서는 GSH 농도(濃度)와 incubation의 시간(時間)에 비례(比例)해서 NP-SH 및 NP-SS가 대체(大體)로 증가(增加)하고 증가(增加)의 율(率)도 가장 현저(顯著)하였다.