• 한국전기전자재료학회논문지
• /
• 제13권6호
• /
• pp.509-513
• /
• 2000

The physical and electrical characteristics of MgO and Pt thin-films on it deposited by reactive sputtering and rf magnetron sputtering respectively were analyzed with annealing temperature and time by four point probe SEM and XRD. Under annealing conditions of 100$0^{\circ}C$ and 2 hr, MgO thin-film had the properties of improving Pt adhesion to SiO$_2$and insulation without chemical reaction to Pt thin-film and the sheet resistivity and the resistivity of Pt thin-film deposited on it were 0.1288 Ω/ and 12.88 $\mu$$\Omega$.cm respectively. We made Pt resistance pattern on SiO$_2$/Si substrate by life-off method and fabricated Pt thin-film type microheater for thermal microsensors by Pt-wire Pt-paste and SOG(spin-on-glass). In the temperature range of 25~40$0^{\circ}C$ we estimated TCR(temperature coefficient of resistance) and resistance ratio of thin-film type Pt-RTD(resistance thermometer device). We obtained TCR value of 3927 ppm/$^{\circ}C$ close to the bulk Pt value. Resistance values were varied linearly within the range of the measurement temperature. The thermal characteristics of fabricated thin-films type Pt micorheater were analyzed with Pt-RTD integrated on the same substrate. The heating temperature of Pt microheater could be up to 40$0^{\circ}C$ with 1.5 watts of the heating power.

• 대한족부족관절학회지
• /
• 제6권1호
• /
• pp.35-39
• /
• 2002

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of hyperbaric oxygen therapy(HBOT) and the resultant amputation rate in the treatment of diabetic foot ulcer. Material and methods: From 2000 Jan. to 2002 April, thirty two diabetic foot patients were admitted for treatment of foot ulcers and infection. Of the thirty two cases, thirteen patients received HBOT and nineteen did not. The results were analyzed by amputation rate and healing time. All were classified according to the Wagner classification. Results: Of the HBOT treated group, three(23%) patients underwent amputation: two below knee and one metatarsophalangeal disarticulations. Of the non-treated group, eleven(58%) patients underwent amputation, : four below knee and seven metatarsophalangeal disarticulations. The healing times, based on hospital days were average 16, 38, 43 days in the HBOT treated group and average 20, 50, 35 days in the non treated group respectively in Wagner grade II, III, IV. Conclusions: HBOT might be effective in decreasing amputation rate and hospital stay in diabetic patients with severe foot ulcers.

• 한국항해항만학회지
• /
• 제44권2호
• /
• pp.119-127
• /
• 2020

In this study, the current state of management efficiency of ocean carriers in Korea and the factors affecting them were analyzed. The purpose of this research is to enhance global competitiveness of ocean carriers by presenting suggestions that can improve management efficiency based on the analysis results. The measurement of management efficiency was made using the DEA model. The results of testing the adequacy of the input and output variables used are as follows. Appropriate inputs are total assets, cost of goods sold, charter expenses, sales and general management expenses, and interest expenses. Appropriate variables are sales, operating income, and operating cash flow. According to the analysis results of the DEA model by these variables, inefficient carriers (78%) are nearly four times more than efficient carriers(22%). However, container carriers have the most improved management efficiency compared to 2016 and 2017. According to the panel regression analysis, the charter rate has the greatest negative impact on efficiency (CRS), and the debt rate has a significant negative impact. Thus, it appears that reducing the charter size and the debt-to-sale rate facilitate improvement of the management efficiency of ocean carriers. Additionally, the pre-sales tax return rate, value added rate, total asset turnover rate, and the scale variable and interest coverage rate have a positive (+) effect. Thus ocean carriers should restore their global competitiveness by improving management efficiency by securing stable cargoes increasing sales profitability from the cost management perspective, increasing productivity, and enhancing the efficiency of their total assets through efficient fleet management.

• 한국정보처리학회논문지
• /
• 제3권5호
• /
• pp.1240-1252
• /
• 1996

본 논문에서는 게이트 어레이 레이아웃 형태에서 디지털 회로를 보다 발전적 인 방식으로 설계하도록 하는 기능 모듈 구현 전용 편집기를 제안한다. 구현된 편집기 에서의 기능 모듈 설계 작업은 전반적으로 설계자와의 대화 형식으로 이루어진다. 따라서, 설계자는 빠른 시간 내에 모듈을 설계할 수 있고 보다 만족스런 레이아웃 결과를 얻을 수 있다. 특히, 본 편집기에서는 IC원판을 구성하는 기초셀 형태에 대해 독립적이며, 배치및 배선 작업 시에 수동과 반자동 방식을 함께 사용할 수 있다는 특징이 있다. 또한 기존의 툴에서는 제공되지 않는 다양한 기능들이 추가되어있어 더욱 효율적으로 모듈 생성을 할 수 있다. 본 편집기는 X- 윈도우 Motif 환경하에서 C언어로 구현되었으며, 그 기능을 기존의 레이아웃 시스템인 Seadali를 사용했을 때와 비교하여 성능을 평가하였다. 구현한 편집기를 이용하면 설계 시간을 두 배정도 단축시킬 수 있다.

• 한국정보디스플레이학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국정보디스플레이학회 2006년도 6th International Meeting on Information Display
• /
• pp.647-650
• /
• 2006

Low temperature polycrystalline silicon (LTPS) technology using a high power laser have been widely applied to thin film transistors (TFTs) for liquid crystal, organic light emitting diode (OLED) display, driver circuit for system on glass (SOG) and static random access memory (SRAM). Recently, the semiconductor industry is continuing its quest to create even more powerful CPU and memory chips. This requires increasing of individual device speed through the continual reduction of the minimum size of device features and increasing of device density on the chip. Moreover, the flat panel display industry also need to be brighter, with richer more vivid color, wider viewing angle, have faster video capability and be more durable at lower cost. Kornic Systems Co., Ltd. developed the $KORONA^{TM}$ LTP/GLTP series - an innovative production tool for fabricating flat panel displays and semiconductor devices - to meet these growing market demands and advance the volume production capabilities of flat panel displays and semiconductor industry. The $KORONA^{TM}\;LTP/GLTP$ series using DPSS laser and XeCl excimer laser is designed for the new generation of the wafer & FPD glass annealing processing equipment combining advanced low temperature poly-silicon (LTPS) crystallization technology and object-oriented software architecture with a semistandard graphical user interface (GUI). These leading edge systems show the superior annealing ability to the conventional other method. The $KORONA^{TM}\;LTP/GLTP$ series provides technical and economical benefits of advanced annealing solution to semiconductor and FPD production performance with an exceptional level of productivity. High throughput, low cost of ownership and optimized system efficiency brings the highest yield and lowest cost per wafer/glass on the annealing market.

• 의료법학
• /
• 제14권1호
• /
• pp.147-208
• /
• 2013

In der vorliegenden Arbeit geht es um die vergleichende Betrachtung von deutschen Urteilen OLG Munchen, Urt. v. 21. 4. 2011 - Az. 1 U 2363/10; BGH, Urt. v. 22. 5. 2012 - VI ZR 157/11) und einer Reihe von koreanischen Urteilen im Bereich des Arzthaftungsrechts. Sie behandelt die Kausalitat von Tatbestand und Rechtswidrigkeitszusammenhang in der normativen Haftungszurechung. In Korea gilt die sog. Adaquanztheorie noch entscheidend als bewertendes Zurechnungskriterium - sogar manchmal als umgangssprachliches Homonym im Sinne der Verh$\ddot{a}$ltnism$\ddot{a}{\ss}$igkeit angewendet -, die dogmengeschichtlich von Deutschland $\ddot{o}$bernommen wurde. Doch wie aus den deutschen Urteilen ersichtlich, ist sie dort schon $\ddot{u}$berwunden. Die Ergebnisse der betrffenden koreanischen Urteile sind zwar nicht unbillig, deren Urteilsbegrundungen aber theoretisch bzw. praktisch nicht $\ddot{u}$berzeugend. Nach allgemeiner Ansicht kommt es vielmehr auf den Schutzzweck an, der auch bei der Anwendung des ${\S}$ 393 KBGB gelten kann. Schlie${\ss}$lich wurde die $\ddot{U}$bertragung des praxisgerechten L$\ddot{o}$sungsansatzes in deutschen Urteilen auf rechtsvergleichende Weise dazu beitragen, die Zivilrechtspraxis in der koreanischen Justiz nachvollziehbarer machen.

• JSTS:Journal of Semiconductor Technology and Science
• /
• 제3권2호
• /
• pp.69-75
• /
• 2003

Cell transistor and data retention time characteristics were studied in 90 nm design rule 512M-bit DRAM, for the first time. And, the characteristics of cell transistor are investigated for different STI gap-fill materials. HDP oxide with high compressive stress increases the threshold voltage of cell transistor, whereas the P-SOG oxide with small stress decreases the threshold voltage of cell transistor. Stress between silicon and gap-fill oxide material is found to be the major cause of the shift of the cell transistor threshold voltage. If high stress material is used for STI gap fill, channel-doping concentration can be reduced, so that cell junction leakage current is decreased and data retention time is increased.

• 한국항해항만학회지
• /
• 제30권8호
• /
• pp.675-683
• /
• 2006

90년대초 품질경영 시스템을 시작으로 98년 안전경영 시스템, 그리고 2002년 ISPS Code 발효에 따른 보안시스템까지 해운항만업체는 필요에 따라 또는 외부적 요인에 의해 최근 10여년에 걸쳐 경영시스템에 몰입하게 되었다. 이러한 경영모델, 협약, 코드는 일부 또는 전부의 도입 및 시행으로 해운항만관련회사에 경영시스템으로 자리 잡아 상호 유기적인 연관성을 갖고 직 간접적으로 밀접한 상호작용을 하고 있다. 이들 각각의 시스템에서 공통적으로 사용되는 요건들 중 개선여지가 필요하다고 판단되는 사항에 대해 설문조사를 하고 그 결과를 분석하여 시스템 도입에 따른 요건들의 문제점을 파악하여, 가장 효과적인 시스템 개선방안을 제시하는데 본 연구목적을 두고 있다.

• 대한전자공학회논문지SD
• /
• 제39권8호
• /
• pp.34-41
• /
• 2002

본 논문에서는 가상 캐리 예측 덧셈기(pseudo carry look-ahead adder)를 사용하여 분할형 워드 기반 RSA의 구현에 관한 방법을 제안하고 검증하였다. 효율적인 모듈라 곱셈기의 설계를 위해 병렬 2단CSA(carry-save adder) 구조를 사용하였으며 마지막 덧셈의 고속 처리를 위하여 캐리 발생과 지연시간이 짧은 가상 캐리 예측 덧셈기를 적용하였다. 제안한 모듈라 곱셈기는 분할형 워드를 기반으로하여 다음 모듈라 연산을 위해 매 클럭마다 쉬프트와 정렬 연산이 필요없기 때문에 하드웨어를 줄일 수 있으며 고속 모듈라 곱셈 연산을 가능하게한다. 제안한 연산 구조를 PCI 인터페이스를 갖는 FPGA로 기능을 검증한 후 0.5㎛ 삼성 gate array 공정을 사용해서 256 워드 모듈라 곱셈기를 기반으로 한 1024-bit RSA 암호프로세서를 단일 칩으로 구현하였다.

• 한국독어학회지:독어학
• /
• 제8집
• /
• pp.199-221
• /
• 2003

In dieser Arbeit wird untersucht, ob die rhetorischen Regeln zur Textproduktion auch auf die Textanalyse einer Rede anwendbar sind, und zwar einer vor der Systematisierung der Rhetorik verfassten Rede, $n\"{a}mlich$ dem Enkomium der Helene von Gorgias. Die Untersuchung ihrer $Anwendungsm\"{o}glichkeit$ als Ana1ysekategorien liegt der Vermutung nahe, dass das Enkomiurn auch rhetorische Elemente $enth\"{a}lt$, weil eine Theorie wie die Rhetorik erst durch die Beobachtung der musterhaften Reden, die Entdeckung ihrer $Regelm\"{a}{\ss}igkeiten$ und deren Synthetisierung entstanden ist Deswegen ist die Untersuchung norma1erweise mit der Festste1lung der im Text angewandten rhetorischen Regeln identisch. Dieses Verfahren aber $\"{u}berzeugt$ uns, dass dem Gorgias das Gliederungsschema der DISPOSITIO, die Sonderform der Einleitung INSINUATIO, die Prinzipien der Kurze und $Glaubw\"{u}rdigkeit$ in der $Erz\"{a}hlung$ sowie der Zusammenfassung im Schluss, das dem Enthymem $\"{a}hnliche$ logische Mittel LOGISMOS, die Stasis der $Qualit\"{a}t$, die Topoi der Stammung und Gerechtigkeit, die sog. gorgianischen Figuren usw. nicht fremd sind. Wegen des Streites um die $Zusammengeh\"{o}rigkeit$ dieser Rede zur epideiktischen wird hier auch untersucht, ob das Enkomium die von den Theoretikern wie Aristoteles und Cicero aufgestellten Bedingungen der epideiktischen Rede $erf\"{u}llt$. Nur 'die Apologie' nach der $Formalit\"{a}t$ im Beweis ausgeschlossen, die aber zur Beseitigung des am Gegenstand des Lobes $angeh\"{a}ngten$ Tadelhaften erforderlich ist, entspricht das Enkomium dem Prinzip der epideiktischen Rede: Lob der Tugend wie $Sch\"{o}nheit$ und Adeligkeit, Amplifikation bei der Formulierung, Wirkziel des aesthetischen Genusses. Wenn man die Entstehungszeit dieses Enkomiums $ber\"{u}cksichtigt$, kann man plausibel folgern, dass es eine $fr\"{u}he$ Form der Lobrede ist.